1,720,962 research outputs found
RU(II)-MEDIATED HYDROGEN TRANSFER FROM AQUEOUS GLYCEROL TO CO2: FROM WASTE TO VALUE-ADDED PRODUCTS
No full textAqueous glycerol was used as the hydrogen source for the reduction of CO2 to the hydrogen carrier formic acid in the presence of the catalyst [RuCl2(PPh3)3]. All intermediates were identified and characterized. Glycerol was converted into glycolic acid, HO-CH2-COOH, that was identified by using 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy. In the face of wastefulness: Aqueous glycerol is used as a hydrogen source for the reduction of CO2 to formic acid. In the presence of RuCl2(PPh3)3, glycerol behaves as a four-hydrogen transfer agent affording glycolic acid
Material–microbe interactions for solar power–driven biochemical synthesis
No full textThe past years have witnessed extensive research efforts to develop efficient platforms facilitating interactions between abiotic materials and microorganisms to accomplish the solar-driven synthesis of various biochemicals. This process, referred to as semiartificial photosynthesis, is described in this chapter, highlighting challenges to developing semiartificial photosynthetic systems in which photosynthetic microorganisms are coupled to electrodes. Approaches to enhance electrochemical interaction between biotic and abiotic components will also be discussed focusing on three components: the biocatalyst, the biotic–abiotic interface, and the abiotic material. Accordingly, the chapter presents microorganism modification through nanoparticles and synthetic biology, the use of artificial redox mediators and polymers to immobilize and facilitate extracellular electron transfer between microorganisms and electrodes, and the use of porous and microstructured electrodes that facilitate microorganism colonization of the abiotic material
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
A novel route for anoxygenic polymerization of dopamine via purple photosynthetic bacteria metabolism
Full text linkDopamine is an efficient building block to produce a versatile coating polymer able to adhere on a vast repertoire of material surfaces. Polydopamine, a dark-bioinspired polymer, is produced by the self-assembly of the dopamine under aerobic conditions in an alkaline environment. The presence of oxygen is crucial for self-polymerization of dopamine in aqueous solution. In this manuscript we show that is possible to drive the polymerization in absence of oxygen exploiting the metabolism of anaerobic photosynthetic purple bacteria. Graphical Abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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