1,721,000 research outputs found
Editorial: Factors and health outcomes of job burnout
Full text linkBurnout is a psychological syndrome caused by prolonged exposure to chronic interpersonal stressors in a job. The 11th revision of the International Classification of Diseases, published in 2019 by the World Health Organization, includes burnout syndrome as an occupational phenomenon in the chapter on factors affecting health status or contact with health services
Occupational zoonoses, neurological diseases, and public health: A one health approach
Full text linkZoonotic diseases, which constitute 60% of all human infectious diseases, present substantial risks to public health, economies, and livelihoods. These diseases emerge at the human-animal-environment interface, with occupational exposure representing a critical yet underexamined dimension of zoonotic risk. Workers in high-risk sectors such as agriculture, wildlife management, and laboratory research face elevated exposure to zoonotic pathogens, often under conditions of inadequate preventive measures and resource constraints. Neurological disorders resulting from zoonotic infections, including Guillain-Barré syndrome, encephalitis, and meningitis, illustrate the severe health consequences for occupational groups. Cases linked to swine hepatitis E virus, West Nile virus, Streptococcus suis, and Baylisascaris procyonis underscore the urgent need for robust surveillance and targeted interventions. The Ecohealth approach, integrated with the One Health framework, provides a transformative model for managing zoonotic risks by addressing the upstream drivers of disease emergence. By emphasizing environmental stewardship, ecological balance, and socio-economic equity, Ecohealth fosters sustainable preventive strategies. Occupational medicine is crucial in linking workplace safety with public health through tailored risk management, enhanced surveillance, and targeted education. Despite these frameworks, significant barriers persist, including data gaps, underreporting of occupational diseases, and insufficient coordination among health sectors. Addressing these challenges requires implementing standardized occupational health surveillance systems, enhancing reporting mechanisms through digital tools, and promoting cross-sectoral data-sharing initiatives. Successful models, such as sentinel surveillance programs in agricultural sectors and integrated biosurveillance networks, demonstrate the feasibility of these strategies. Leveraging these approaches can facilitate early detection, improve reporting accuracy, and support evidence-based interventions. © 2025 The Author
Occupational Risk Management in the Context of Emerging Infections
No full textMpox, formerly known as monkeypox, is a zoonotic disease
caused by the monkeypox virus (MPXV), related to smallpox
as they both belong to the Orthopoxvirus genus. It was first identified
in 1958 during outbreaks in research animal colonies, and the first human
case was detected in 1970 in the Democratic Republic of the
Congo (DRC). MPXV has two main clades: Clade I, with subclades
Ia and Ib, and Clade II, which includes subtypes IIa and IIb.1 Historically,
Clade I has been associated with more severe symptoms and
higher mortality rates than Clade II
Case Report: Mutation in AIMP2/P38, the Scaffold for the Multi-Trna Synthetase Complex, and Association With Progressive Neurodevelopmental Disorders
Full text linkBackground: Leukodystrophies constitute a heterogeneous group of inherited disorders primarily affecting the white matter of the central nervous system. Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (ARSs) catalyze the attachment of an amino acids to their cognate transfer RNAs (tRNAs). Pathogenic variants in both cytosolic and mitochondrial ARSs have been linked to a broad range of neurological disorders, including hypomyelinating leukodystrophies and pontocerebellar hypoplasias (PCH). Aminoacyl tRNA synthetase-interacting multifunctional protein 2 (AIMP2), one of the three non-catalytic components of multi ARS complex, harbors anti-proliferative activity and functions as a proapoptotic factor thus promoting cell death. We report a case of a 7-month-old infant with a complex clinical presentation, including weight loss, severe anemia, skeletal abnormalities, microcephaly and MR imaging features of leukodystrophy with a novel mutation in AIMP2. Methods: Whole-exome sequencing (WES) was performed on the proband. Parental samples were analyzed by PCR amplification and Sanger sequencing. Results: Whole-exome sequencing revealed a novel variant c.A463T in the homozygous state in exon 3 (NM_001,326,607) of AIMP2 [p.(K155X)] in the proband. Parental carrier status was confirmed by target sequencing. Conclusion: Here, we present an Iranian case with leukodystrophy with a novel AIMP2 mutation. This finding broadens the mutational and phenotypic spectra of AIMP2-related leukodystrophy and offers guidance for proper genetic counselling for pre- and post-natal screenings as well as for disease management
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Psychological General Well-being, Cognitive Failure, and Inflammation Biomarkers Among Workers 4 Months After a Mild/Asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 Infection
Full text linkObjective: To investigate the relationship between cognitive complaints, systemic inflammatory biomarkers and psychological general well-being (PGWB) after mild/asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection, according to the presence of long COVID and work tasks. Methods: University employees and metal workers were recruited in a cross-sectional study four months after SARS-CoV-2 infection to assess cognitive impairment, individual PGWB index, inflammatory biomarkers, namely platelet-lymphocyte, neutrophil-lymphocyte and lymphocyte-monocyte ratios, and the presence of long COVID symptoms. Results: A significant increase in the levels of inflammatory biomarkers was observed in subjects with long COVID. Furthermore, the PGWB index was influenced by long COVID symptoms and subjective cognitive and depressive symptoms, but not by work activity. Conclusions: In occupational settings, it is crucial to detect the presence of long COVID symptoms and systemic inflammation early, as they may be associated with lower PGWB
Investigating interleukin-8 in Alzheimer's disease: a comprehensive review
No full textSeveral studies indicate that the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD) has strong interactions with immune mechanisms within the brain, indicating a close association between inflammation in the central nervous system and the progression of neurodegeneration. Despite considerable progress in understanding the inflammatory aspects of AD, several of them remain unresolved. Pro-inflammatory cytokines and microglia are pivotal components in the inflammatory cascade. Among these, the role of interleukin-8 (IL-8) in neurodegeneration seems complex and multifaceted, involving inflammation, neurotoxicity, blood-brain barrier disruption, and oxidative stress, and is still poorly characterized. We conducted a review to describe the evidence of IL-8 involvement in AD. IL-8 is a cytokine known for its proinflammatory properties and typically produced by macrophages, predominantly functions as a chemotactic signal for attracting neutrophils to inflamed sites in the bloodstream. Interestingly, IL-8 is also present in the brain, where it is primarily released by microglia in response to inflammatory signals. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the structure, function, and regulatory mechanisms of IL-8 relevant to AD pathology
Recombinant GPEHT Fusion Protein Derived from HTLV-1 Proteins with Alum Adjuvant Induces a High Immune Response in Mice
Full text linkThe human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is a positive single-stranded RNA virus that belongs to the delta retrovirus family. As a result, a vaccine candidate that can be recognized by B cells and T cells is a good candidate for generating a durable immune response. Further, the GPEHT protein is a multi-epitope protein designed based on the Gag, Pol, Env, Hbz, and Tax proteins of HTLV-1. In developing a suitable and effective vaccine against HTLV-1, the selection of a designed protein (GPEHT) with the formulation of an alum adjuvant was conducted. In this study, we assessed the potential of a multi-epitope vaccine candidate for stimulating the immune response against HTLV-1. In assessing the type of stimulated immune reaction, total IgG, IgG1, and IgG2a isotypes, as well as the cytokines associated with Th1 (IFN-γ), Th2 (IL-4), and Th17 (IL-17), were analyzed. The outcomes showed that the particular antisera (total IgG) were more elevated in mice that received the GPEHT protein with the alum adjuvant than those in the PBS+Alum control. A subcutaneous vaccination with our chimera protein promoted high levels of IgG1 and IgG2a isotypes. Additionally, IFN-γ, IL-4, and IL-17 levels were significantly increased after spleen cell stimulation in mice that received the GPEHT protein. The immunogenic analyses revealed that the GPEHT vaccine candidate could generate humoral and cell-mediated immune reactions. Ultimately, this study suggests that GPEHT proteins developed with an alum adjuvant can soon be considered as a prospective vaccine to more accurately evaluate their protective efficacy against HTLV-1
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