1,720,954 research outputs found
Bacterial canker of tomatoes - histological characterization of cultivar resistance and seed transmission
No full textClavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis (Cmm) causes bacterial canker in tomatoes representing a significant threat to worldwide tomato production. In order to demonstrate potential resistance mechanisms in tomato cultivars differing in susceptibility to the pathogen, inoculations were carried out in the greenhouse followed by histological examinations of infected transverse stem sections using histochemical staining methods. In the greenhouse trials, cultivars 'Moneymaker' and 'Lyconorma' showed significantly stronger disease symptoms than 'Irat L3' and 'Hawaii 7998' four weeks after inoculation with Cmm. More occlusions of the xylem vessels, but less tyloses were found in the two susceptible cultivars than in the less susceptible cultivars. Further plant responses to the pathogen like accumulation of phenolic compounds in the xylem parenchyma, xylem lignification or callose deposition were observed in stems of infected plants, but these reactions occurred to a similar extent in all four cultivars. Since enhanced accumulation of phenolic substances, lignin and callose was detected in infected plants of all four cultivars they appear to be components of basal resistance of tomato to Cmm. With immunofluorescence microscopy, Cmm was localized on the surface of the seed coat but not in the deeper seed layers or the embryo of a moderately susceptible tomato cultivar. After seed germination, bacteria were directly transmitted to the radicle, hypocotyl and cotyledons of seedlings emerging from infected seeds, suggesting an external rather than a systemic transmission of the bacteria from seed to the plant shoot.German Ministry of Economics (BMWi
Fungicidal effects of an atmospheric pressure gas discharge and degradation mechanisms
No full textStudies about interaction of plasmas with microorganisms usually focus on bacteria, bacteria spores or fungal spores; little attention has been paid to plasma treatment of fungal species in their vegetative state. The aim of this work is to evaluate the effect of air plasma treatment at atmospheric pressure on mycelia of the agricultural relevant fungal species Ascochyta pinodella and Fusarium culmorum concerning growth inhibition and morphologic alterations. Radial growth measurements on plasma-treated and heat-treated mycelia plugs and light microscopy imaging of isolated and plasma-treated hyphae were carried out. Growth inhibition of the vegetative state of fungi due to plasma treatment was found as well as deformation and disruption of hyphae. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
- …
