1,721,012 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
THE IMPACT OF URBAN FOREST CORRIDORS ON THE RICHNESS OF URBAN BIRD POPULATIONS IN BALTIMORE FOREST PATCHES
No full textChapter one reviews what is known about animal movement patterns in an urban ecology context and how that knowledge is obtained. Several of the analytical programs used to assess movement are examined as well as strategies and technologies on gathering empirical movement data. Dominant paradigms used in understanding movement patterns across heterogenous urban habitat patches are also examined and evaluated. Chapter two then examines movement directly by assessing fragmented urban forested areas, including urban forested corridors, connected forested patches, and isolated forested patches. We attempt to assess connectivity from a species perspective and document the way in which species interact with heterogeneous urban landscape matrices. Urban corridors across Baltimore City are closely examined throughout the Summer of 2020. Using point counts and vegetation data, the effects of corridors on bird species richness are analyzed. I found that corridors contribute to urban biodiversity by providing habitat as well as mitigating the effects of nearby impervious surfaces associated with urban development
Black Duck Habitat Occupancy Trends in the Chesapeake Bay
No full textChanges in watershed land use, loss of coastal habitat to human development, and changing rainfall patterns have been attributed to waterfowl population declines in estuarine wintering grounds. We created a dynamic occupancy model for American black ducks (Anas rubripes) in the Chesapeake Bay to investigate relationships between occupancy, estuarine stressors, and wintering habitat from 1993-2019. Our model showed that wetlands and water clarity had a positive association with site colonization, whereas nitrate and nearby urban development had a negative association. Wetlands also had a strongly positive association with site persistence. Black ducks disproportionately occupied sites on the eastern shore and rarely colonized sites outside this zone. This propensity increased over time, with the population centroid/center of mass experiencing a small, but significant, shift eastward. These results highlight a “core area” of black duck habitat in the Chesapeake Bay that is vulnerable to large disturbances and should be prioritized for black duck population conservation
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
ECOLOGICAL AND BEHAVIORAL EFFECTS ON THE REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS OF URBAN NORTHERN CARDINALS
No full textNest predation is the primary source of reproductive failure for songbirds in most ecological systems. Songbird population declines have often been attributed to elevated nest predation rates in areas affected by habitat loss and fragmentation. Habitat patches within large metropolitan areas that have been developed for decades often support diverse populations of songbirds, but variation in reproductive success in these habitats is understudied. In this dissertation, I investigated the drivers of nest predation in a common songbird, the northern cardinal (Cardinalis cardinalis), in small urban forest patches. Nest predation varied with spatial factors on multiple scales, and was related to spatio-temporal patterns of habitat selection and female personality. Cardinals exhibited lower nest success when nesting in patch edges in more developed landscapes, while LiDAR-derived overstory density and number of small ground-to-canopy gaps surrounding nests were positively associated with nest success. Nest sites were overall spatially biased toward patch edges, but early nesting cardinals preferred habitats with low predation risk, and exhibited higher reproductive success than later nesting birds. Cardinals nesting near patch edges faced more intense and prolonged nest predation pressure, but also exhibited bolder personalities, with bolder nest defense positively associated with nest success. Nest failures related to brown-headed cowbird parasitism extended farther from the patch edge than predation events. This dissertation demonstrates that landscape-dependent edge effects on nest predation emerge even among patches within decades-old urbanized areas, and that cardinal behavior plays an important role in generating spatial patterns of nest predation within urban patches
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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