1,721,069 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Chloride-induced corrosion of steel in concrete—insights from bimodal neutron and X-ray microtomography combined with ex-situ microscopy
Full text linkThe steel-concrete interface (SCI) is known to play a major role in corrosion of steel in concrete, but a fundamental understanding is still lacking. One reason is that concrete's opacity complicates the study of internal processes. Here, we report on the application of bimodal X-ray and neutron microtomography as in-situ imaging techniques to elucidate the mechanism of steel corrosion in concrete. The study demonstrates that the segmentation of the specimen components of relevance-steel, cementitious matrix, aggregates, voids, corrosion products-obtained through bimodal X-ray and neutron imaging is more reliable than that based on the results of each of the two techniques separately. Further, we suggest the combination of tomographic in-situ imaging with ex-situ SEM analysis of targeted sections, selected based on the segmented tomograms. These in-situ and ex-situ characterization techniques were applied to study localized corrosion in a very early stage under laboratory chloride-exposure conditions, using reinforced concrete cores retrieved from a concrete bridge. Several interesting observations were made. First, the acquired images revealed the formation of several corrosion sites close to each other. Second, the morphology of the corrosion pits was relatively shallow. Finally, only about half of the total 31 corrosion initiation spots were in close proximity to interfacial macroscopic air voids, and > 90% of the more than 160 interfacial macroscopic air voids were free from corrosion. The findings have implications for the mechanistic understanding of corrosion of steel in concrete and suggest that multimodal in-situ imaging is a valuable technique for further related studies
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
An in-situ/operando laser powder bed fusion system for advanced neutron characterization
No full textThe landscape of production technologies for three-dimensional structures is experiencing a significant transformation, driven by advancements in computer-controlled layer-wise material deposition techniques, commonly known as additive manufacturing (AM) or 3D printing. Among the established AM methods, laser powder bed fusion (PBF-LB) has emerged as one of the most prevalent techniques for fabricating metallic materials. In the PBF-LB process, a high-energy-density laser selectively melts and fuses metallic powder particles, enabling the precise creation of complex geometries.
The effectiveness of this manufacturing technique is largely influenced by a variety of process parameters, which collectively define the resulting microstructure and, ultimately, the mechanical properties of the produced components. Recent research efforts have increasingly focused on understanding the dynamic processes that occur during PBF-LB, primarily through post-mortem microstructural characterization and advanced simulation models. Various systems have also been developed to investigate critical aspects of the process, such as phase transformations, defect formation, and laser-material interactions, in real-time utilizing high-speed X-rays.
However, high-speed X-ray techniques have limitations in bulk characterization, particularly concerning realistic dimensions of three-dimensional printed parts. This limitation highlights the need for alternative methods, such as neutron-based characterization, which offers deeper penetration into metallic materials and provides valuable insights into their internal structures. To address this gap, this thesis aims to establish a neutron-based characterization methodology, detailing the development of the measuring system employed and exploring its potential capabilities. Additionally, it presents fundamental examples that lay the groundwork for future research in this area.
In Chapter 2, a novel method for disentangling signals from Bragg-edge imaging for strain characterization in PBF-LB environments is introduced. This approach enables the separation of transmission spectra between the printed specimen and its surrounding powder, and it is extendable to other neutron imaging techniques. Chapter 3 details the development of a downsized PBF-LB system (n-SLM), specifically designed for in-situ and operando neutron characterization. Case studies on operando strain evolution, defect characterization, and temperature mapping illustrate the potential of the device.
Subsequent studies capitalize on the capabilities of the n-SLM and are presented in the subsequent chapters. Chapter 4 focuses on the ferromagnetic phase evolution in multi-material 316L and CuCrZr during manufacturing, where operando polarization contrast imaging reveals the significant impact of thermal history on the formation of the ferromagnetic phase. In Chapter 5, in-situ neutron diffraction is employed to study the microstructure evolution during in-situ laser heat treatment on 316L and Al-added 316L, highlighting the potential for locally controlling microstructures through thermal treatments. Finally, Chapter 6 investigates residual stress and crystallographic texture development in 2205 duplex stainless steel during PBF-LB, utilizing neutron diffraction and Bragg-edge imaging to examine residual stress accumulation, texture variation, and the influence of thermal history on texture.LMT
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