1,721,057 research outputs found
Travelling Information For Intrusion Prevention Systems
No full textThe proliferation of wideband connections
while opening the market to a wealth of new web based
applications has also provided a pervasive set of injection
points for malicious network traffic. This fact has
generated a new storm of network attacks that every day
generates a non negligible amount of network traffic.
Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) aim at preventing the
delivery of malicious traffic to targeted systems thus
preventing damage at the end point of the attack, however
they are positioned either on a single host or on very
peripheral routers, thus they do not provide any help in
reducing the amount of malicious traffic roaming the
network. The sheer amount of traffic to be analyzed
prevents any attempt to move intrusion detection to core
routers, however Distributed Intrusion Detection Systems
(DIDS) may provide a solution. In past works DIDS have
been envisioned as cooperative clusters of traditional IDS,
in this paper we present a novel methodology that allows
distributing the computational load of intrusion detection
on several nodes thus allowing to empower the network
itself of intrusion detection and prevention capabilities
A Distributed Model for Intrusion Detection and Prevention
No full textThe proliferation of wideband connections while opening the market to a wealth of new web based applications has also
provided a pervasive set of injection points for malicious network traffic. This fact has generated a new storm of network
attacks that every day generates a non negligible amount of network traffic. Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) aim at
preventing the delivery of malicious traffic to targeted systems thus preventing damage at the end point of the attack,
however they are positioned either on a single host or on very peripheral routers, thus they do not provide any help in
reducing the amount of malicious traffic roaming the network. The sheer amount of traffic to be analyzed prevents any
attempt to move intrusion detection to core routers, however Distributed Intrusion Detection Systems (DIDS) may
provide a solution. In past works DIDS have been envisioned as cooperative clusters of traditional IDS, in this paper we
present a novel methodology that allows distributing the computational load of intrusion detection on several nodes thus
allowing to empower the network itself of intrusion detection and prevention capabilities
A Measurement Study on the Advertisements Displayed to Web Users Coming from the Regular Web and from Tor
Full text linkOnline advertising is an effective way for businesses to find new customers and expand their reach to a great variety of audiences. Due to the large number of participants interacting in the process, advertising networks act as brokers between website owners and businesses facilitating the display of advertisements. Unfortunately, this system is abused by cybercriminals to perform illegal activities such as malvertising. In this paper, we perform a measurement of malvertising from the user point of view. Our goal is to collect advertisements from a regular Internet connection and using The Onion Router in an attempt to understand whether using different technologies to access the Web could influence the probability of infection. We compare the data from our experiments to find differences in the malvertising activity observed. We show that the level of maliciousness is similar between the two types of accesses. Nevertheless, there are significant differences related to the malicious landing pages delivered in each type of access. Our results provide the research community with insights into how ad traffic is treated depending on the way users access Web content
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Fatal attraction: Identifying mobile devices through electromagnetic emissions
Full text linkSmartphones are increasingly augmented with sensors for a variety of purposes. In this paper, we show how magnetic field emissions can be used to fingerprint smartphones. Previous work on identiication rely on speciic characteristics that vary with the settings and components available on a device. This limits the number of devices on which one approach is effective. By contrast, all electronic devices emit a magnetic ield which is accessible either through the API or measured through an external device. We conducted an in-the-wild study over four months and collected mobile sensor data from 175 devices. In our experiments we observed that the electromagnetic field measured by the magnetometer identifies devices with an accuracy of 98.9%. Furthermore, we show that even if the sensor was removed from the device or access to it was discontinued, identiication would still be possible from a secondary device in close proximity to the target. Our findings suggest that the magnetic field emitted by smartphones is unique and fingerprinting devices based on this feature can be performed without the knowledge or cooperation of users
You are your Metadata: Identification and Obfuscation of Social Media Users using Metadata Information
Full text linkMetadata are associated to most of the information we produce in our daily interactions and communication in the digital world. Yet, surprisingly, metadata are often still categorized as non-sensitive. Indeed, in the past, researchers and practitioners have mainly focused on the problem of the identification of a user from the content of a message. In this paper, we use Twitter as a case study to quantify the uniqueness of the association between metadata and user identity and to understand the effectiveness of potential obfuscation strategies. More specifically, we analyze atomic fields in the metadata and systematically combine them in an effort to classify new tweets as belonging to an account using different machine learning algorithms of increasing complexity. We demonstrate that, through the application of a supervised learning algorithm, we are able to identify any user in a group of 10,000 with approximately 96.7% accuracy. Moreover, if we broaden the scope of our search and consider the 10 most likely candidates we increase the accuracy of the model to 99.22%. We also found that data obfuscation is hard and ineffective for this type of data: even after perturbing 60% of the training data, it is still possible to classify users with an accuracy higher than 95%. These results have strong implications in terms of the design of metadata obfuscation strategies, for example for data set release, not only for Twitter, but, more generally, for most social media platforms
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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