941 research outputs found
Connecting theory and fiction: Margaret Atwood's novels and second wave feminism
No full textThis thesis undertakes an examination of the manner in which a novelist interacts with a contemporary theoretical discourse. I argue that the novelist and the theoretical discourse enter into a symbiotic relationship in which each influences and is influenced by the other. This process, I suggest, is simultaneous and complex. The thesis demonstrates how the prevailing theoretical discourse is absorbed by the contemporary author, is developed and redefined in conjunction with alternative concerns, and comes to permeate the narrative in an altered state. The novelist's new perspectives, frequently problematising theoretical claims, are then disseminated by the novel, promoting further discussion and development of the theoretical discourse. The thesis focuses on the novels of Margaret Atwood, considering them in relation to the history and development of second wave feminism. "Second wave feminism" is understood as an umbrella term that incorporates a wide variety of related but diverse and occasionally contradictory discourses, centring on the subjects of gender, femininity, and sexuality. The focus of the discussion is dual and presented simultaneously. Atwood's novels are analysed chronologically, and within the parameter of this analysis I demonstrate how her work has been influenced by earlier feminist theories, how it comments upon a variety of contemporary feminist ideas, and how it can be seen to anticipate further discussions within feminist discourse. Finally, I identify moments in Atwood's writing when alternative discourses compete with feminism to create new directions for feminist criticism. Examples of these discourses include Canadian nationalism, liberalism, communitarianism and environmentalism. The specificity of the novelist's interests and politics create a unique site of interaction for feminism which, I argue, benefits feminist theory by challenging, broadening and diversifying its focus. The thesis concludes that the symbiotic relationship of the theorist and the novelist is self-perpetuating and is also necessary and beneficial to both parties
Tagging of Biomedical Articles on CiteULike: A Comparison of User, Author and Professional Indexing
No full textThis paper examines the context of online indexing from the viewpoint of three different groups: users, authors, and professional indexers. User tags, author keywords and descriptors were collected from academic journal articles, which were both indexed in Pubmed and tagged on CiteULike, and analysed. Descriptive statistics, informetric measures, and thesaural term comparison shows that there are important differences in the use of keywords between the three groups in addition to similarities which can be used to enhance support for search and browse. While tags and author keywords were found that matched descriptors exactly, other terms which did not match but provided important expansion to the indexing lexicon were found. These additional terms could be used to enhance support for searching and browsing in article databases as well as to provide invaluable data for entry vocabulary and emergent terminology for regular updates to indexing systems. Additionally, the study suggests that tags support organisation by association to task, projects and subject while making important connections to traditional systems which classify into subject categories
Safety-Driven Design for Software-Intensive Aerospace and Automotive Systems
No full textToo often, systems are designed and then an attempt is made to add safety features or to prove that the design is safe after the fact. Safety has to be designed into a system from the start-it cannot be effectively added on to a mature design. In addition, the increasing use of software is changing the nature of accident causation in software-intensive systems and our safety engineering techniques must change accordingly. This article will describe a new hazard analysis technique, called STPA, which is effective on software-intensive systems. An advantage of this technique is that it can be used to drive the earliest design decisions and then proceed in parallel with ensuing design decisions and design refinement. Not only is this approach more effective, but the cost is no more than a more conventional design process and potentially much cheaper
Genderová témata v díle Žena k nakousnutí od Margaret Atwood
No full textThis bachelor thesis deals with the literary piece of work The Edible Woman written by the Canadian author Margaret Atwood. The theoretical part consists of four chapters. The first chapter includes the summary of the literature of the 60s-70s of the 20th century. At the beginning of this chapter the term ´literature´ is defined and viewed from a historical point of view. The second chapter is also closely linked to history, but in this case it is the history of feminism. The third chapter focuses on the theory of feminism and is divided into two subchapters. In the first one, feminism in literature is being discussed. In the second subchapter the characterization of the three waves of feminism is provided and the main stress is laid on the second wave of feminism which is very close to the piece which is discussed in this thesis. The last chapter of the theoretical part pays attention to the feminist features appearing in Margaret Atwood´s works.
The aim of the practical part is to analyse the book The Edible Woman and discuss its main issues in context to feminism.Tato bakalářská práce se zabývá hlavními tématy díla The Edible Woman od americké autorky Margaret Atwood. Teoretická část je složena ze čtyř kapitol. První kapitola se zabývá literaturou šedesátých a sedmdesátých let dvacátého století. V úvodu této kapitoly nechybí vymezení pojmu ´literatura´ a následuje zasazení literatury do historického kontextu daného období. Druhá kapitola je též úzce spjata s historií, ale již konkrétně s historií feminismu. Třetí kapitola je zaměřena na teorii feminismu a je rozdělena do dvou podkapitol. První podkapitola se zabývá feminismem v literatuře. Druhá z nich charakterizuje tři vlny feminismu a největší důraz je kladen na druhou vlnu feminismu, vzhledem k faktu, že období druhé vlny feminismu je úzce spjato s dílem, které je v této práci rozebíráno. Závěrečná kapitola teoretické části věnuje pozornost feministickým prvkům v dílech autorky Margaret Atwood.
Cílem praktické části je analyzovat dílo The Edible Woman a rozebrat hlavní témata tohoto díla v kontextu s feminismem.Katedra anglistiky a amerikanistikyDokončená práce s úspěšnou obhajobo
Margaret More Roper: an English Woman in Reformation Period
No full textThis diploma thesis "Margaret More Roper: an English Woman in Reformation Period" deals with the English reformation during the reign of Henry VIII and with the English woman Margaret More Roper, who lived during that time and who was the pioneer of humanistic educated women in England and one of the first well educated woman in Europe. I set her life and work into the context of Renaissance, Humanism and English reformation. Also I give attention into her only survived work, a translation of Erasmus' commentary on Lord's prayer. Within this thesis I deal with another educated woman who lived in 16th century. Her name is Katharina Schütz Zell and she is an author of the commentary on Lord's prayer. Keywords Margaret More Roper - Thomas More - Humanism and Renaissance - Females' Status and Education in 16th century - Henry VIII and English Reformation - Katharina Schütz Zell - Commentaries on Lord's PrayerTato diplomová práce s názvem "Margaret More Roper: příběh anglické ženy v časech reformace" pojednává o anglické reformaci v období vlády Jindřicha VIII. a o Angličance Margaret More Roper, která v této době žila. Margaret byla první humanisticky vzdělanou ženou v Anglii a také jednou z nejvzdělanějších žen v Evropě. Její život a dílo zasazuji do kontextu renesance, humanismu a anglické reformace. Věnuji se také jejímu jedinému dochovanému dílu, překladu Erasmova komentáře k modlitbě Páně. Podrobněji pojednávám také o další vzdělané ženě 16. stol., a to o Katharině Schütz Zell, která je autorkou komentáře k modlitbě Páně. Klíčová slova Margaret More Roper - Thomas More - humanismus a renesance - postavení a vzdělání žen v 16. stol. - Jindřich VIII. a anglická reformace - Katharina Schütz Zell - komentáře k modlitbě PáněProtestant theological facultyEvangelická teologická fakultaProtestant Theological FacultyEvangelická teologická fakult
Doing Mad Studies: A Participatory Action Research Project to explore the experiences and impacts of being part of a Mad People’s History and Identity course and the relationship between critical education, activism and emancipation
No full textMad People’s History and Identity (MPHI) is a Mad Studies course delivered
at Queen Margaret University (QMU). The course is a partnership including
academics at QMU, Consultancy and Advocacy Promotion Service (CAPS),
NHS Lothian and people with lived experience of mental health issues.
LeFrançois (2016, p. v) provides a coherent definition of Mad Studies stating
that “mad activist scholarship, a form of knowledge production or collective
intellectual contribution that is embedded in Mad community interventions
and actions.”
MPHI is an exercise in critical pedagogy to facilitate “conscientisation”
through the exploration of individual and collective experiences of madness,
psychiatrisation and oppression. It aims to engage students in challenging
dominant discourses, creating counter-knowledge and activist resistance to
the Epistemic Injustice and oppression experienced by the mad community.
This PAR research proposed to explore the experiences and impacts of
being part of the course. Its main focus was on the exploration of the
relationship between participation on the course and activism. Congruent
with the philosophy of the course, this research was committed to privileging
the experiences, knowledge and histories of the user/survivor/mad MPHI
students. A PAR group of four students, two partners from CAPS and the
author co-produced this research. Data collection involved the peer
interviews of nine MPHI students. The actions of the research were the
generation of a Photovoice exhibition and the production of a film.
The research revealed that participation in the course had facilitated change
in both mad and intersectional identities. It had given voice to experiences of
distress, psychiatrisation and oppression. The collective experience had
fostered support, solidarity and increased social capital. This included
accessing new communities, occupations and engagement with social
movements. The course had raised consciousness of personal and collective
oppression resulting in agency and engagement with advocacy and activism.
Key words: Mad People’s History, Mad Studies, Participatory Action
Research, Activism
"Nature\u27s Bastards" z Royal Society: obhajoba přírodní filosofie v díle Margaret Cavendishové (1623-1673)
No full textV této studii se pokouším předložit postoj Margaret Cavendishové (1623-1673) ke zkoumání přírody ve druhé polovině 17. století. Pro tento účel jsem analyzovala především dílo Observations upon Experimental Philosophy (1666), které představuje nejucelenější filosofický výklad přírody této autorky. Prostřednictvím něho postihuji ontologické i epistemologické námitky Cavendishové k charakteru zkoumání přírody členy nově založeného vědeckého společenství – Royal Society. Z tohoto důvodu se zaměřuji rovněž na dílo Micrographia (1665) Roberta Hooka, který pro autorku tuto společnost reprezentuje. Cílem studie není rehabilitovat osobu a dílo Margaret Cavendishové, nýbrž charakterizovat způsob, jímž se pokusila zhodnotit myšlenky nové experimentální, tj. zkušenostní vědy.The object of this study is to present the attitude of Margaret Cavendish (1623-1673) to the research of nature in the second half of the 17th century. For this purpose I analysed primarily work Observations upon Experimental Philosophy (1666), which represents the most comprehensive philosophical interpretation of nature of this woman author. Through this work I introduce Cavendish\u27s ontological and epistemological objections to the research of nature, which practised members of the newly established scientific community – Royal Society. In connection with this research I also concentrate on work Micrographia (1665) of Robert Hooke, who represents this company for Cavendish. The aim of my work is not to rehabilitate the status of Margaret Cavendish, but to characterize the way she tried to evaluate ideas of new experimental, i.e. empirical science
The role of educative thought in the life and work of Antonio Gramsci
No full textMany philosophers have propounded a vision of an improved society, what distinguishes Antonio Gramsci is his continuous effort to make it happen by understanding the process in order to put into practice. Gramsci's conviction about the importance of educative development came from both theory and experience. While there has been considerable examination of Gramsci's work in relation to the Prison Notebooks, this study will seek to address a lacuna in Gramsci scholarship. Using Gramsci's philological method, I analyse Gramsci's pre-prison activity; his pre-prison articles and letters, which, together with his letters from prison, formed part of his educative mission. This educative process was necessary, in order to construct a new party which would develop a collective will, collaboratively, with the masses.In this study therefore, I explore the contexts and formative experiences of the first part of his life together with the intellectual sources from which Gramsci developed his later theories, making central hitherto underemphasised connections between them which informed his writing and ideas. I intend to illustrate that Gramsci's underlying purpose in his writing, and political activity, was not only practical, on how to create a new socialist ruling class, but also educative in forming the mindset and values of his comrades. So that in addition to outlining his vision of a new order, he implicitly guided or explicitly explained the processes by which the necessary changes in social relations and moral climate could be made in order to achieve it. Each person had to engage with the values of the new order so that each could contribute to the construction of a new robust state. It was essential to build a hegemony at the most profound level, one which was dependent on collective understandings and a collective will
Thatcherism in theory and practice. To concepts of thatcherism before 1979 and to his utilization in economic policy of british government in the 1980s
No full textThe bachelor thesis focuses on the analysis of the Margaret Thatcher election period between the years 1979-1990. Hypothesis is verified in the thesis, whether the conclusion made during the 1980s did bring out Great Britain out of economic crisis. Furthermore, in the thesis is complete analysis of the political concept Thatcherism with insight on the economic situation past years. In the thesis, author explains transition from the post-war consensus to new unexperienced ideology. Moreover, the bachelor thesis includes welfare state transformation into economic competition. Thatcherism indeed contributed to better involvement of Great Britain foreign trade, which confirms the hypothesis. Positive impact is proven on the behalf of the Thatcherism effect on the macroeconomic aggregates. According to said analysis, we can rate the Thatcherism concept as successful, regardless of deepening social inequality.Bakalářská práce se zaměřuje na analýzu volebního období Margaret Thatcherové v letech 1979-1990. Během práce je ověřována hypotéza, zda rozhodnutí učiněná v 80. letech vyvedla Velkou Británii z ekonomické krize. V práci je provedena analýza politiky thatcherismu s ohlédnutím se na hospodářskou situaci z let minulých. Autor v práci vysvětluje přechod od poválečného konsensu k nové nezkušené radikální reformě. V práci je dále analyzován dopad přeměny sociálního státu blahobytu na model hospodářské soutěže. Je zde potvrzena hypotéza, že thatcherismus ve velké míře přispěl k většímu zapojení britské ekonomiky do zahraničního obchodu. V práci je dokázán pozitivní dopad působené politiky thatcherismu na makroekonomické agregáty. Dle uvedené analýzy můžeme hodnotit koncept thatcherismu jako úspěšný s odkazem na prohlubující se sociální nerovnosti nejnižších tříd
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Negotiating hegemonic masculinity: imaginary positions and psycho-discursive practices
No full textIn this paper we provide a critical analysis of the concept of hegemonic masculinity. We argue that although this concept embodies important theoretical insights, it is insufficiently developed as it stands to enable us to understand how men position themselves as gendered beings. In particular it offers a vague and imprecise account of the social psychological reproduction of male identities. We outline an alternative critical discursive psychology of masculinity. Drawing on data from interviews with a sample of men from a range of ages and from diverse occupational backgrounds, we delineate three distinctive, yet related, procedures or psycho-discursive practices, through which men construct themselves as masculine. The political implications of these discursive practices, as well as the broader implications of treating the psychological process of identification as form of discursive accomplishment, are also discussed
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