1,720,959 research outputs found
The IDB: An ice core geodatabase for paleoclimatic and glaciological analyses
No full textIl Progetto Nazionale Italiano, NEXDATA, ha lo scopo di favorire
l’implementazione delle reti di misura nelle montagne poste in luoghi
remoti e nelle aree marine e lo sviluppo di di efficienti strutture di basi di
dati da archiviare e l’accesso agli indicatori metaclimatici e paleoclimatici
derivati da carote di ghiaccio, carote marine, dendrologici, e palinologici.
Essi forniscono preziose informazioni sull’evoluzione dell’inquinamento antropogenico, sulla variabilità del clima e la composizione della media troposfera. Il principale obiettivo di questo lavoro è lo sviluppo dell’Ice Core Data Base (IDB), una struttura interoperabile fondata su base di dati spaziali che contiene dati di caratterizzazione fisica e chimica su carote di ghiaccio non polari. Il principale scopo è di costruire un efficiente portale web nel quale lo scienziato può facilmente e rapidamente accedere agli specifici dati di indicatori per analisi paleoclimatiche. L’informazione geografica sulle carote di ghiaccio è utile per valutare l’idoneità a eseguire carotaggi di ghiacciai montani e a ricostruire l’ultimo 2K della storia climatica italiana. Partendo da un’accurata ricerca bibliografica noi abbiamo raccolto una grande quantità di dati di carote di ghiaccio e metadati che sono essenziali per studiare una metodologia
adatta a raggiungere gli scopi dello studio. I dati raccolti sono stati integrati in un sistema informatizzato attraverso specifici servizi web. Le applicazioni sviluppate sono basate su strumenti di software a fonte aperta (open source) quali PostgreSQL e PostGIS per le basi di dati, Geoserver e Leaflet per il webGIS. I servizi geospaziali sono stati implementati con le specifiche tecniche proposte dagli standard OGC e INSPIRE per massimizzare l’interoperabilità dei dati.The Italian national project, NEXTDATA, is focused to favour the implementation of measurements networks in remote mountain and marine areas and develop efficient database structure to archive and access meteoclimatic and paleoclimatic proxies derived from ice core, marine core, tree ring and pollen. They give precious information about the evolution of anthropogenic pollution, climate variability and about the composition of middle troposphere. The main object of this work is to develop the Ice core DataBase (IDB), an interoperability architecture based on a spatial database that contains physical and chemical characterization data about non-polar ice core. The principal scope is to build an efficient web portal where paleo-scientist can easily and quickly access to specific proxy data useful for paleoclimatic analysis. The ice core geographic information is useful to evaluate the glacier suitability for ice core drilling of mountain glaciers and to reconstruct the last 2k of Italy climatic history. Starting with an accurate bibliography research we managed to collect a great amount of ice core data and metadata that were essential to study a suitable methodology to reach the study goals. Data collected were integrated in an information system through specific web services. The developed applications were based on open source software tools such as PostgreSQL and PostGIS for database, Geoserver and Leaflet for webGIS. The geospatial services were implemented with the technical specifications proposed by OGC and INSPIRE standards in order to maximize data interoperability
Lake water quality monitoring tools
Full text linkLakes as ecosystems provide many goods and services. To benefit from them in long term we must assure sustainable management. SIMILE (informative System for the Integrated Monitoring of Insubric Lakes and their Ecosystems) project is focused on developing efficient monitoring of lake water quality since it gives the critical input for adequate management. The lakes of interest for SIMILE are the Insubric lakes Como, Lugano, and Maggiore. The paper is focused on describing which tools are used in the SIMILE project to exploit different sources of lake water quality data: in-situ high-frequency monitoring (HFM) through sensors, satellite observations, and data collected by citizens. Even though the paper is focused on the SIMILE project, and thus on tools and procedures for the Insubric lakes, it can serve as an example for other lakes too, especially because the tools developed in the project, such as a collaborative platform for sharing satellite-derived water quality parameters, and mobile application and web administrator interface for citizen science, are free and open-source, they can be easily adapted if needed. Moreover, the procedures for the processing of data coming from different sources are based on free (and often also open source) software and are well documented. The tools and procedures described in this paper might be a foundation for similar practice for lakes worldwide, and thus a step forward the 6th Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) of the United Nations (“Ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all”)
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
SHARE Geonetwork, a system for climate and paleoclimate data sharing
No full textThis study is dedicated to the development of a webGIS service platform for the environment data sharing. This new service is integrated into national and international projects supported by EvK2-CNR Committee and mainly focused on climate change studies. The system is based on the integration of the metadata catalogue Geonetwork and a dedicated database WDBPALEO. The scientific interest of this service is the possibility to access into the same site to the data acquired from the network of highest altitude stations for actual climate analysis and provision and data from paleoclimate samples acquired from ice and sea cores. The service for the first time shares these data in a downloadable standard format for all researchers and describes with the metadata catalogue all the necessary information for the correct use of these data. Since 2005, the Ev-K2 CNR Committee has promoted an integrated environmental project named SHARE (Station at High Altitude for Research on the Environment) focused on the mountain regions as primary indicators of climate change. Originally launched as a system of measurements in environmental and earth sciences in the Himalaya-Karakorum region, SHARE has later expanded its network to Europe (Apennines and Alps), Africa (Rwenzori) and more recently to South America (Andes). The Italian project NextData, supported by Ministry of Education, Universities and Research has proposed this system for the development of a national service of environment data and metadata sharing dedicated to the study of climate change in the last 2000 years in the Mediterranean basin
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