1,721,029 research outputs found
Deletion size influences clinical outcome in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia; 13q deletion anatomy, cooperating lesions and cancer pathogenesis
No full textChromosomal deletions involving 13q14 are the commonest genetic abnormality in chronic lymphocytic leukemia, occurring in ~60% of cases and are associated with a favourable clinical outcome when identified as a sole abnormality. A minimally deleted region (MDR), found in most cases, encompasses DLEU2, DLEU1, and miR15a/16-1. However, deletions this small do not occur in all patients and are a simplification of the impact larger heterogeneous deletions have during carcinogenesis. We have previously shown that large 13q14 deletions are associated with disease progression (Strefford et al, ASH 2009, 114(22), 671). To further characterize this abnormality and identify putative cancer genes, we report an updated analysis of our Affymetrix SNP 6.0 genomic profiling study of 224 patients. These patients were subdivided into three cohorts: Cohort I samples were taken at disease presentation, from patients with either stable disease for >5 years (n=38) or progressive disease within 3 years (n=25). Cohort II comprised 64 unselected patient samples taken at disease progression. Cohort III consisted of samples taken at enrollment to the UK CLL4 treatment trial from patients treated with fludarabine and cyclophosphamide, sub-divided based on complete (n=49), partial (n=40) or no response (n=8) to treatment. In total 205 copy number alterations targeted 13q14 in 132 cases, facilitating the identification of a MDR encompassing DLEU2 and the miR15a/16-1 cluster in 119 cases. The remaining cases had partial loss of the MDR, including (n=11) or excluding (n=2) miR15a/16-1. Although deletion size and location was heterogeneous (0.13-96.2Mb), a 210kb proximal breakpoint cluster region (p-BCR) was identified, targeting TRIM13, KCNRG and exons 7–11 of the DLEU2 gene (n=31), whilst a 210kb distal BCR (d-BCR) targeted RNASEH2B and GUCY1B2 (n=46). Breakpoints in these regions frequently targeted DNA repeats, specifically short (SINE) and long interspersed nuclear elements (LINE) in the p- and d-BCR, respectively. Based on size and location, we defined two deletion classes; both encompassed the MDR, whilst class I deletions were <2Mb in size, were often defined by the two BCRs identified and included FAM10A4, BCMS and DLEU7; class II deletions extended beyond this region in either a centromeric and/or telomeric direction, encompassing a large number of additional genes. Rather than being the result of consistent BCRs, class II deletions displayed highly heterogeneous breakpoints suggesting that these classes of deletion may be mechanistically dissimilar. Using these definitions we show that a) at diagnosis, larger deletions (class II) were associated with a significantly increased risk of disease progression (OR=12.3; P=0.005), implicating genes positioned centromeric to the MDR in the poor prognosis observed in these patients b) in progressive patients, class II deletions were enriched (p=0.02), and c) this association was independent of IgVH mutational status, ZAP70 expression and ATM/TP53 deletion. Deletion of a 1Mb gene cluster (48.2-49.2Mb), including SETDB2, PHF11 and RCBTB1, was significantly associated (P<0.01) with disease progression. In conclusion we confirm the association between 13q deletion size and disease progression, and propose a novel gene cluster centromeric to the 13q MDR that may contribute to clinical outcome. 13q deletion size represents a new biomarker for predicting outcome of CLL, whose target gene(s) could provide new therapeutic strategies. The expansion of this approach into other tumour types, will facilitate the identification of a large number of novel genes, expanding our understanding of carcinogenesis and ultimately leading to improved management of cancer patient
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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