1,720,961 research outputs found
Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists in peri-operative care:Dispelling myths and unveiling insights with essential considerations for anaesthesiologists
No full textWith the growing use of glucagon-like-peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor (GLP-1R) agonists as anti-obesity medication it is becoming increasingly important to examine its consequences in the peri-operative period. GLP-1R agonists are known for their effects of glucose-lowering and gastroparesis the latter causing some safety concerns regarding induction of anaesthesia, more specifically the risk of pulmonary aspiration. This article gathers the available evidence on this subject in addition to the already established guidelines. Current evidence makes us assume there is indeed an increased level of gastroparesis, but there are no studies to date with evidential confirmation of a presumed elevated risk of pulmonary aspiration. Future perspectives should focus on the actual risk of pulmonary aspiration and the possible implementation of ultrasound in the preoperative assessment.</p
Pathophysiological mechanisms underlying early brain injury and delayed cerebral ischemia in the aftermath of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: a comprehensive analysis
No full textEarly brain injury (EBI) and delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) are pivotal contributors to morbidity and mortality following aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH). Despite advances that have reduced mortality and incidence, aSAH remains a significant public health concern due to its early onset, leading to prolonged periods of diminished quality of life for affected individuals. EBI mechanisms, including endothelial dysfunction, blood-brain barrier disruption, cerebral edema, neuro-inflammation, cortical spreading depolarizations, and oxidative damage, trigger cell death and apoptosis, setting the stage for DCI development in later clinical phases. DCI arises not only from large-vessel vasospasm, but also from other complex pathophysiological processes, including thrombo-inflammation, neuro-inflammation, microcirculatory dysfunction, and glycocalyx disruption. Recognizing and understanding these mechanisms is essential, as early interventions could potentially reduce long-term disability in this population. This comprehensive review offers an in-depth analysis of these pathophysiological mechanisms. As our understanding of these processes continues to evolve, further research is crucial to improving outcomes and reducing the long-term impact of aSAH.The authors wish to thank Dr. Wencke Renette. The figures were made using Biorender (https://www.biorender.com
A comparative study of patient satisfaction about anesthesia with dexmedetomidine for ambulatory dental surgery
No full textOBJECTIVE: Intranasal administration of dexmedetomidine for monitored anesthesia care (MAC) appears to be an effective, safe, and appropriate alternative to general anesthesia (GA) for ambulatory dental surgery. Based on the available evidence we evaluated a new MAC protocol with intranasal dexmedetomidine as the primary choice. To assess a difference in patient satisfaction and anesthesia-related discomfort between GA and MAC in ambulatory dental surgery, a study was conducted among patients undergoing various dental procedures. Patient satisfaction and anesthesia-related discomfort were assessed on the first postoperative day using the Bauer patient satisfaction questionnaire. RESULTS: Although the differences were small, patients in the MAC group were overall more satisfied with the general care compared to the GA group (p < 0.02). Patients in the MAC group reported more postoperative drowsiness compared to the GA group (p < 0.05), but less postoperative hoarseness and sore throat (p = 0.005 and p < 0.001, respectively). Moreover, postoperative thirst was more common in the GA group (p = 0.002). In conclusion, the differences in patient satisfaction and anesthesia-related discomfort between GA and MAC in this implementation study were small but appeared to favor MAC with intranasal dexmedetomidine over GA as anesthesia method during dental ambulatory surgery. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13104-022-06246-2
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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