1,721,033 research outputs found

    L’appello come mezzo di impugnazione delle sentenze

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    Il capitolo ha ad oggetto la disciplina del mezzo di impugnazione dell'appello

    Le vicende anomale del processo

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    Il capitolo ha ad oggetto l'analisi delle vicende anomale del processo amministrativo e, in particolare, gli istituti della sospensione e dell'interruzione

    Optimal Assimilation of Daytime SST Retrievals from SEVIRI in a Regional Ocean Prediction System

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    Exploiting the potential of space-borne oceanic measurements to characterize the sub-surface structure of the ocean becomes critical in areas where deployment of in situ sensors might be difficult or expensive. Sea Surface Temperature (SST) observations potentially provide enormous amounts of information about the upper ocean variability. However, the assimilation of daytime SST retrievals, e.g., from infrared sensors into ocean prediction systems, requires a specific treatment of the diurnal cycle of skin SST, which is generally under-estimated in current ocean models due to poor vertical resolution at the air–sea interface and lack of proper parameterizations. To this end, a simple off-line bias correction scheme is proposed, where the bias predictors include, among others, the warm layer and cool skin warming/cooling deduced from a prognostic model. Furthermore, a localization procedure that limits the vertical penetration of the SST information in a hybrid variational-ensemble data assimilation system is formulated. These two novelties are implemented and assessed within a regional ocean prediction system in the Ligurian Sea for the assimilation of daytime SST data retrieved with hourly frequency from the Spinning Enhanced Visible and Infrared Imager (SEVIRI) onboard the geostationary satellite Meteosat-10. Experiments are validated against independent measurements collected by gliders, moorings, and drifters during the Long-term Glider Missions for Environmental Characterization (LOGCMEC17) sea trial. Results suggest that the simple bias correction scheme is effective in improving both the sea surface and mixed layer accuracy, correctly thinning the mixed layer compared to the control experiment, outperforming experiments with night-only data assimilation, and improving the forecast skill scores. Localization further improves the prediction of the mixed layer depth. It is therefore recommended that sophisticated bias correction and localization procedures are adopted for fruitfully assimilating daytime SST data in operational oceanographic analysis systems

    Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis

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    The present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed

    L'attuazione negli altri Stati membri dei provvedimenti provvisori e cautelari nel regolamento UE n. 1215 del 2012 (Bruxelles I bis)

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    Il contributo analizza le novità introdotte dal reg. UE n. 1215 del 2012 in materia di circolazione tra gli Stati membri dei provvedimenti provvisori e cautelari, evidenziando come, nel passaggio dal sistema di Bruxelles I a quello di Bruxelles I bis, le innovazioni a livello normativo siano significative anche se non idonee a modificare in modo sostanziale l'attuale situazione a livello di applicazione pratica delle norme rilevant

    Introducing along-track error correlations for altimetry data in a regional ocean prediction system

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    Because of the systematic error in the processing of altimetry data, sea level anomaly (SLA) observation errors are likely affected by nonnegligible spatial correlations. To account for these, we exploit the synergy of altimetry data with in situ profiles from gliders, piloted to follow the altimetry tracks during the Long-Term Glider Mission for Environmental Characterization 2017 (LOGMEC17) observational campaign in the Ligurian Sea. The assimilation of along-track unfiltered sea level anomalies in a regional ocean analysis and forecast system is consequently optimized by means of introducing spatial correlations for the SLA observation errors. In particular, collocated data of glider and altimetry are used to derive an along-track error covariance model for the sea level anomaly assimilation, assuming that most of the covariance behavior versus separation distance stems from altimetry. Spatial scales of the altimetry error are found to have a correlation radius of about 12 km for the dataset utilized in the Ligurian Sea, using a simple Gaussian shape for the error correlation, shorter than the correlation radius found through assimilation output diagnostics. A variational data assimilation system is modified to relax the usual assumption of uncorrelated altimetry observation errors, thus allowing for along-track error correlations. Its implementation provides promising results in the regional ocean prediction system, outperforming in most verification skill scores the use of uncorrelated observational errors without compromising the analysis scheme efficiency

    Navigation of AUVs based on Ocean Fields Variability

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    A key to enable long-endurance and large area missions for Autonomous Underwater Vehicles is the development of novel navigation methods. Typical solutions based on periodic surfacing or the deployment of static beacons suffer from a number of limitations ranging from interrupting the vehicle task to constrain the operational area. To overcome some of these limitations, this paper moves the first steps into a different direction and aims at using marine environmental information (e.g. temperature, salinity, etc.) as navigational aid for the robots. Towards this aim the paper presents a Particle Filter able to use temperature and salinity maps produced by state-of-the-art ocean models, and assesses the navigation performance over a week long simulated mission. The obtained numerical results show that the proposed approach is able to substantially bound the navigation error, and hence to support the navigation of underwater robots for long-range missions. Discussion on advantages, limitations and promising ways forward are also presented
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