1,720,958 research outputs found
'n Afbakening van die jurisdiksie van die arbeidsappélhof in arbeidsgeskille
No full textThesis (LL.M. (Labour Law))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2009.This research report is focused on a discussion of the current status of the
Labour Appeal Court in terms of the proposed changes given by the Superior
Courts Bill. The main focus will be on the direct and indirect impact of the
Superior Courts Bill on the existing jurisdiction of the labour courts such as the
impact on the dispute resolution systems and the appellate jurisdiction of the
Labour Appeal Court after it's appellate power will be given to the Supreme Court
of Appeal. Attention will be given to the benefits of the current labour system and
the reasons for the establishment of specialist labour courts. There will also be a
discussion on the main objectives that the Superior Courts Bill will have to
achieve once it comes into effect.Master
Decent work for on-demand workers in the modern-day gig economy
No full textThesis (LL.D. (Mercantile Law ))--University of the Free State, 2023Radical technological development during the past two centuries has led to various enabling technologies changing the world of work on a global scale and, unfortunately, not always for the better. With one of the highest unemployment rates in the world, South Africa's reliance on informal forms of work is increasing, raising the question of how to ensure decent work in the modern world of work. This becomes even more troubling, seeing that millions of unemployed people are trying to enter the labour market. This is especially true for unemployed youth in South Africa, who are suited for these new forms of work due to technological advancements, the rise of complexities associated with the gig economy, and the skills required by jobs. Although the benefits of embracing the technological changes in the workplace are apparent, some technologies continue to disrupt the traditional employment model to the extent that many are excluded from labour and social protections. One of the emerging sectors brought about by the technological changes, especially the use of mobile applications, is the gig economy. The gig economy is an economy that involves the exchange of labour for payment between companies or individuals via a digital platform. The concept 'gig economy' is used interchangeably with other types of economies that are linked to platform work. This includes economies such as the digital economy, collaborative economy, sharing economy, platform economy, and on-demand economy. The gig economic model leans more towards emerging economic activities coupled with the platform economy, which is divided into two forms of platform work, crowdwork and on-demand work. In addition, platform work is characterised by irregular work arrangements, additional costs on workers providing the service, work that is paid for tasks completed, and accessibility of work facilitated by various platforms.
Research suggests that non-standard forms of work continue to feature in the gig economy, and that classification of platform workers as independent contractors remains a major concern. International perspectives and research conducted on on-demand work in foreign jurisdictions is instrumental to finding best practices for advocating decent on-demand work. Although the ILO has yet to reach an agreement on a universal approach to regulating on-demand work, it has taken progressive steps to achieve decent work for, and extend basic labour and social protection to, those working in the gig economy. However, a solution for the universal regulation of the modern-day gig economy and on-demand work remains elusive. In the absence of such, it is found that on-demand workers are rendered vulnerable in respect of basic conditions of employment, having little to no control over unilateral changes to the contractual terms that regulate their relationship. On-demand workers also lack protection at the level of both individual and collective labour rights; therefore, they experience unfair deactivation, discrimination by both clients and the platform, and poor collective bargaining power. Taking this into account, the question needs to be asked if South Africa sufficiently advocates for decent on-demand work. The rights of on-demand workers warrant urgent regulatory intervention that could take the form of proactive steps from a platform company in the form of policy considerations from the platform company. A workable solution to the decent work deficit in the on-demand sector can therefore be proposed by either the legislator by way of legal reform, or by the platform company by means of policy measures and/or revised terms and conditions.
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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
The Importance of Ethical and Responsible AI Training in Law Schools to Avoid Career-Ending Pitfalls for Aspiring Attorneys
Full text linkArtificial Intelligence (AI), particularly Generative AI (GAI), is transforming industries, including the legal profession. While AI enhances legal research and document automation, its unverified use presents serious ethical and professional risks, as seen in recent South African court cases. The case of Mavundla v MEC: Department of Co-Operative Government and Traditional Affairs KwaZulu-Natal and Others highlights the dangers of relying on AI-generated legal research without verification, reinforcing the duty of legal practitioners to ensure the accuracy and integrity of their work. This note argues that these ethical and professional responsibilities extend to law students as future legal practitioners and must be embedded in legal education. However, many educational institutions lack clear policies on AI use, leaving students uncertain about responsible engagement with these technologies. Rather than restricting AI use, law schools must integrate AI literacy into curricula, equipping students with the skills to critically evaluate AI-generated content and uphold ethical standards. By cultivating responsible AI engagement, legal education can ensure that future legal professionals navigate an increasingly AI-driven legal profession with competence and integrity
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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