1,720,982 research outputs found
Embodied False Memories: Motor fluency and its behavioral and TMS interference
No full textLiterature on embodied cognition has shown that the perception of action-related stimuli can activate the covert simulation of the action itself (Ianì, 2019). Simulation affects memory and the creation of false memories (Iani et al, 2018). There is also initial evidence showing that fluency perception stemming from the motor system affects memory. For instance, fluent (rather than non-fluent) letter dyads lead to higher false recognition rates. This is attributed to the automatic activation of the motor program of typing, even when the action is not performed (Yang et al., 2009). The main aim of the present research project is to achieve a better understanding of the role of fluency in embodied false memories. The first aim (Exp 1) is to replicate and extend the results by Yang et al. (2009) in an Italian sample, with different letter dyads and a modified recognition task, adding also a source memory task (Gatti et al., 2021) in order to verify the implication of recollection (vs. familiarity) in false alarms. The second aim (Exp 2) is to investigate the possibility that motor interference tasks eliminate the fluency effect, therefore decreasing false memory rates. Finally, in Experiment 3, the role of the cerebellum in the creation of embodied false memories will be investigated.Two groups of participants (typing novices and experts) are asked to encode and remember fluent (typed with different fingers) and non-fluent (typed with the same finger) letter-dyads. In all experiments, typing fluency is tested in a behavioral task, and a motor interfering condition is used during retrieval. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) will be applied on the right cerebellum. Data are being collected. We expect to replicate Yang et al. 's (2009) findings of fluent dyads eliciting higher rates of false alarms in typing experts due to the automatically activated covert simulation of the typing action. The behavioral interference task as well as the TMS are expected to eliminate this fluency effect in the interfering condition leading to a lower number of false alarms. Finally, the TMS is expected to determine the implication of the right cerebellum in the creation of embodied false memories. A better understanding of the nature of embodied false memories will be obtained being able to determine whether false alarms rates depend on recollection vs. familiarity. Furthermore, greater knowledge on the role of motor fluency, motor simulation and the motor system in memory representation of actions, as well as on false memories will be obtained
Measuring depression with the questionnaire based Implicit Association Test: a new tool to detect malingering
No full textIn the last decades many studies demonstrated that self-report measures are massively prone to malingering. To improve the detection of malingered depressive symptoms, we developed the depression questionnaire-based Implicit Association Test (qIAT). In study 1, a first version of the new tool was made on the basis of several BDI-II items and tested on a sample of 118 participants, 59 of them asked for faking depressive symptoms. The aim was to test psychometric properties (reliability, internal and convergent validity) of the new tool and its better-expected susceptibility to faking, compared with explicit measure. In study 2, we replicated study 1 using a more varied wording version of stimuli to control response biases. Results showed adequate internal consistency (Cronbach’s Alpha), for study 1 and 2, along with small/moderate correlations with self-report measures of depression, supporting their convergent validity. Moreover, in the second study the qIAT was significantly correlated with different theoretically linked criteria (i.e., self-esteem, satisfaction with life), supporting criterion validity of the new measure. Finally and most importantly, in both studies, the depression qIAT revealed a considerably lower vulnerability to faking compared to the BDI-II
An exploration of current false memory research: experimental data and implications in practice
No full textGoing Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
- …
