1,721,049 research outputs found
Galactic cannibalism in the galaxy cluster C0337-2522 at z = 0.59
No full textAccording to the galactic cannibalism model, cD galaxies are formed in the centre of galaxy clusters by merging of massive galaxies and accretion of smaller stellar systems; however, observational examples of the initial phases of this process are lacking. We have identified a strong candidate for this early stage of cD galaxy formation: a group of five elliptical galaxies in the core of the X-ray cluster C0337-2522 at redshift z = 0.59. With the aid of numerical simulations, in which the galaxies are represented by N-body systems, we study their dynamical evolution up to z = 0; the cluster dark matter distribution is also described as an N-body system. We explore the hypothesis that some of the five galaxies will have merged before z = 0, making reasonable assumptions on the structural and dynamical characteristics of the cluster. We then compare the properties of the merger remnant with those of real ellipticals (such as its accordance with the fundamental plane, the Faber-Jackson and the MBH-σ0 relations) and, in particular, we check whether the remnant has the surface brightness profile typical of cD galaxies. We find that a multiple merging event in the considered group of galaxies will take place before z = 0 and that the merger remnant preserves the fundamental plane and the Faber-Jackson relations, while its behaviour with respect to the MBH-σ 0 relation is quite sensitive to the details of black hole merging. However, the end-products of our simulations are more similar to a 'normal' giant elliptical than to a cD galaxy with its characteristic diffuse luminous halo, thus confirming previous indications that the formation of cD galaxies is not a necessary consequence of galaxy merging at the cluster centre
The imprint of dark matter haloes on the size and velocity dispersion evolution of early-type galaxies
No full textEarly-type galaxies (ETGs) are observed to be more compact, on average, at z > 2 than at z=0, at fixed stellar mass. Recent observational works suggest that such size evolution could reflect the similar evolution of the host dark matter halo density as a function of the time of galaxy quenching. We explore this hypothesis by studying the distribution of halo central velocity dispersion (sigmazero) and half-mass radius (rh) as functions of halo mass M and redshift z, in a cosmological LambdaCDM N-body simulation. In the range 02. We conclude that a substantial fraction of the size evolution of ETGs can be ascribed to a systematic dependence on redshift of the dark matter haloes structural properties
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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