1,720,958 research outputs found
Engagement and understanding: pregnant adolescents and health information in Freedom Park
No full textAdolescent and young adult pregnancy is a major sexual health issue for vulnerable young women in South Africa. Beginning by examining the origins of adolescent pregnancy in South Africa, this paper then proceeds to examine the various sources of health information accessible to adolescent women, and how said information is used. Finally, it examines the disconnect between know ledge and use of health information, and the role this plays in high levels of adolescent pregnancy. This independent research examines how adolescent women in the South African township of Mitchells Plain, Cape Town (specifically the neighbourhood of Freedom Park) understand and engage with the limited health information at their disposal. Through a qualitative research process resulting in interview analysis, this article explores how vulnerable young women internalize, believe, and use health information, in order to better understand the causes of adolescent pregnancy and risky sexual behaviour. Participants were adolescent (18 -¬‐ 20) women, who were residents of Freedom Park, (a neighbourhood in Mitchells Plain) and were either pregnant or had a child. Demographic screening tools (n=31) were used to select participants for semi -¬‐ structured interviews (n=30). Interviews were later transcribed verbatim, and analyzed using NVIVO. In this Freedom Park sample, the ability of young women to internalize and act upon information about sexuality and health varied depending on who proffered that information and how those individuals were perceived by the recipient. In the research, three key factors emerged as impacting the internalization and later use of reproductive health information. First, for both sources of health information and for recipients, life experience s played a critical role in making information more relatable and therefore easier to internalize, believe and use. Second, the perceived trustworthiness of the source of information made the knowledge more believable and relevant to the recipient. Finally, high levels of comfort in discussing sexual health with the source of information made information more easily internalized, while fear of negative judgment from sources reduced comfort and discussions of sexual health. The research suggests that efforts to reduce instances of adolescent pregnancy in South Africa should pay close attention to who delivers information about health and sexuality. To be effective, young women should feel they share experiences with, trust in, and are comfort able with sources of information. Future research should pursue how improving adolescent's engagement with health information through feelings of belonging, self ‐ efficacy, and empowerment can improve understanding, trust, and utilization of health information
Colouring Outside the Lines: Decolonized Approaches to Sexual and Reproductive Health
No full textDecolonization of global health as an approach to redressing historical inequities and power imbalances has been popularized in recent years due to its focus on centering community needs, knowledge, and experiences, and decentering western imperialism. It is of particular importance as an approach to sexual and reproductive health (SRH) research, which often focuses on taboo topics with vulnerable populations. Despite the increase in its use, the term decolonization still lacks a shared definition, and there is little guidance on how to apply it in practice. The goal of this thesis is to understand, explore, and apply the elements of decolonized research through the lens of SRH.
This thesis contributes to a shared definition of decolonized research, and provides guidance for global health practitioners in its application in four chapters. First, a scoping review identifies the shared characteristics of decolonized research on SRH topics. Second, a decolonized arts-based study applies the findings from the scoping review, to explore the priority SRH needs of adolescent girls and young women in Cape Town, South Africa. Third, a methods paper explores the methodological findings from the previous chapter, including the development of a novel data collection method, and provides guidance for other researchers. Finally, an arts-based chapter shares experiences surrounding the project from the perspective of the researchers and community members in South Africa.
The findings from these studies illustrate the importance of researchers and implementors prioritizing community-owned approaches to research that focus on long-term sustainable change, acknowledging and redressing the impact of historical inequities and power imbalances. Applying decolonized research methodologies leads to greater justice and equity for communities, as well as more valid and reliable data. Future research should continue to explore a standardized definition of decolonized research methodologies and a framework for incorporating these strategies into global health research and praxis.ThesisCandidate in PhilosophyDecolonization of global health is a way of addressing the unequal treatment of communities who have been treated unfairly, by placing community needs, knowledge, and experiences first. It is important in research related to sex, relationships, and having children, which are sensitive topics. Decolonization has become popular in recent years, but is not well defined, and there is little guidance on how to use it in research. The goal of this thesis was to understand, explore, and apply the elements of decolonized research through the lens of health related to sex, relationships, and having children. To do this, we summarized published articles, conducted an arts-based decolonized study in South Africa, and provided guidance on how to do decolonized research to global health practitioners. We found that people doing decolonized research should focus on lasting, community-owned approaches that create awareness of the unequal treatment of communities that are still present today
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
- …
