2,571 research outputs found
Unmasking the Porter hypothesis: Environmental innovations and firm-profitability
No full textWe examine impacts of different types of environmental innovations on firm profits. Following Porter's (1991) hypothesis that environmental regulation can improve firms' competitiveness we distinguish regulation induced and voluntary environmental innovations. We find that innovations which reduce environmental externalities reduce firms' profits, as long as they are induced by regulations. However, innovation that increases a firm's material or energy efficiency in terms of material or energy consumption has a positive impact on profitability. This positive result holds both for regulation induced and voluntary innovations, although the effect is significantly larger for regulation-driven innovation.We conclude that the Porter hypothesis does not hold in general for its 'strong' version but has to be qualified by the type of environmental innovation. Our finding rest on firm level data from the German part of the Community Innovation Survey in 2009. --Environmental innovation,environmental regulation,Porter hypothesis,competitiveness
A Key and Annotations for Some Characeae Collected in Wyoming
No full textA number of specimens of the Characeae collected by C. L. Porter and Marjorie Porter have been added to the Rocky Mountain Herbarium, University of Wyoming. Duplicates of these as well as the extant collections that were made available to the senior author for study. Distribution maps and ecological data were also supplied. A few collections from other sources were added
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Unified mathematical treatment of complex cascaded bipartite networks: The case of collections of journal papers
No full textIn this study, a mathematical treatment is proposed for analysis of entities and relations among entities in
complex networks consisting of cascaded bipartite networks. This treatment is applied to the case of
collections of journal papers. In this case, entities are distinguishable objects and concepts, such as papers,
references, paper authors, reference authors, paper journals, reference journals, institutions, terms, and term
definitions. Relations are associations between entity-types such as papers and the references they cite, or
paper authors and the papers they write. An entity-relationship model is introduced that explicitly shows
direct links between entity-types and possible useful indirect relations. From this a matrix formulation and
generalized matrix arithmetic are introduced that allow easy expression of relations between entities and
calculation of weights of indirect links and co-occurrence links. Occurrence matrices, equivalence
matrices, membership matrices and co-occurrence matrices are described. A dynamic model of growth
describes recursive relations in occurrence and co-occurrence matrices as papers are added to the paper
collection. Graph theoretic matrices are introduced to allow information flow studies of networks of papers
linked by their citations. Similarity calculations and similarity fusion are explained. Derivation of feature
vectors for pattern recognition techniques is presented. The relation of the proposed mathematical
treatment to seriation, clustering, multidimensional scaling, and visualization techniques is discussed. It is
shown that most existing bibliometric analysis techniques for dealing with collections of journal papers are
easily expressed in terms of the proposed mathematical treatment: co-citation analysis, bibliographic
coupling analysis, author co-citation analysis, journal co-citation analysis, Braam-Moed-vanRaan (BMV)
co-citation/co-word analysis, latent semantic analysis, hubs and authorities, and multidimensional scaling.
This report discusses an extensive software toolkit that was developed for this research for analyzing and
visualizing entities and links in a collection of journal papers. Additionally, an extensive case study is
presented, analyzing and visualizing 60 years of anthrax research through a collection of journal papers.
When dealing with complex networks that consist of cascaded bipartite networks, the treatment presented
here provides a general mathematical framework for all aspects of analysis of static network structure and
network dynamic growth. As such, it provides a basic paradigm for thinking about and modeling such
networks: computing direct and indirect links, expressing and analyzing statistical distributions of network
characteristics, describing network growth, deriving feature vectors, clustering, and visualizing network
structure and growth
Ethics and Epidemiology
No full textContributors -- Pt. I. Foundations -- 1. Historical foundations / Steven S. Coughlin -- 2. Moral foundations / Tom L. Beauchamp -- 3. Toward a philosophy of epidemiology / Douglas L. Weed -- Pt. II. Informed consent, privacy, and confidentiality -- 4. Epidemiology and informed consent / Jeffery P. Kahn and Anna C. Mastoianni -- 5. Privacy and confidentiality in epidemiology: special challenges of using information obtained without informed consent / Ellen Wright Clayton -- Pt. III. Balancing risks and benefits -- 6. Ethical issues in the design and conduct of community-based intervention studies / Karen Glanz, Michelle C. Kegler, and Barbara K. Rimer -- 7. Ethical issues in the interaction with research subjects and the disclosure of results / Andrea Smith and Paul A. Schulte -- 8. Ethics in public health practice / Robert E. McKeown and R. Max Learner -- 9. Ethical issues in genetic epidemiology / Laura M. Beskow and Wylie Burke -- 10. Ethics and Epidemiology in the age of AIDS / Carol Levine -- 11. Ethical issue sin international health research and epidemiology / John D.H. Porter, Carolyn Stephens, and Anthony Kessel -- Pt. IV. The regulatory context and professional education -- 12. The institutional review board / Robert J. Levine -- 13. Good conduct and integrity in epidemiologic research / Colin L. Soskoline, Peter H. Abbrecht, Nancy M. Davidian, and Alan R. Price -- 14. Ethics curricula in epidemiology / Kenneth W. Goodman and Ronald J. Prineas -- Inde
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Folder 21: Doobie Brothers No. 2 - Concert Photos by Steven Fromholz, 2005-05-29
No full textPhotograph of members of the Doobie Brothers on stage during a concert on May 29, 2005. The men are standing side by side, facing to the left of the camera and smiling. Individuals have been identified as: (l-r) Tiran Porter, Marc Russo, Patrick Simmons, Ed Toth, Tom Johnston, John McFee, Guy Allison, and Michael Hossack. Russo is holding two saxophones
Folder 21: Doobie Brothers No. 2 - Concert Photos by Steven Fromholz, 2005-05-29
No full textPhotograph of the Doobie Brothers on stage during a concert on May 29, 2005. (l-r) Tiran Porter, Patrick Simmons, Tom Johnston, and John McFee can be seen standing side by side on stage, facing to the left of the camera. They are each playing guitar and singing into a microphone. Two drumkits can be seen on stage behind the group
Recommended from our members
Folder 21: Doobie Brothers No. 2 - Concert Photos by Steven Fromholz, 2005-05-29
No full textPhotograph of the Doobie Brothers on stage during a concert on May 29, 2005. (l-r) Tiran Porter, Patrick Simmons, Tom Johnston, and John McFee can be seen standing side by side on stage, facing to the left of the camera. They are each playing guitar and singing into a microphone. Two drumkits can be seen on stage behind the group
Recommended from our members
Folder 21: Doobie Brothers No. 2 - Concert Photos by Steven Fromholz, 2005-05-29
No full textPhotograph of (l-r) Tiran Porter, Patrick Simmons, and Tom Johnston on stage during a Doobie Brothers concert on May 29, 2005. The men are standing side by side, facing to the left of the camera and playing guitar. A microphone can be seen on a stand in front of each of the men. Simmons appears to be singing
Folder 21: Doobie Brothers No. 2 - Concert Photos by Steven Fromholz, 2005-05-29
No full textPhotograph of members of the Doobie Brothers on stage during a concert on May 29, 2005. The men are standing side by side, facing to the left of the camera and smiling. Individuals have been identified as: (l-r) Tiran Porter, Marc Russo, Patrick Simmons, Ed Toth, Tom Johnston, John McFee, Guy Allison, and Michael Hossack. Russo is holding two saxophones
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