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Characterisation of two members of a macroschizont gene family, Tashat1 and Tashat3, from Theileria annulata
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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Characterisation of two members of a macroschizont gene family, Tashat1 and Tashat2, from Theileria annulata
Get PDFTheileria annulata is a protozoan parasite of cattle, that causes the disease tropical theileriosis throughout sub-tropical regions of the Old World. Theileria parasites have the ability to immortalise the host leukocyte they infect causing clonal expansion and dissemination of infected leukocytes throughout the host. This property has allowed the development of an in vitro system for the culture of bovine cells infected by the macroschizont stage of the parasite. In addition, differentiation of the parasite towards the next life cycle stage, the merozoite, can be induced in culture. The signals that cause the macroschizont to differentiate into merozoites are not fully understood, although it is known that this event is associated with a major elevation in merozoite gene expression (Shiels et al., 1994). Recently a small family of parasite genes that are negatively regulated early during differentiation to the merozoite were identified. One member, known as TashAT2 contained predicted AT hook DNA binding motifs and was shown to be localised to the host cell nucleus. It has been postulated that the TashAT2 polypeptide may play a role in the regulation of macroschizont or modulation of host cell gene expression (Swan et al., 1999). The focus of this project was to characterise TashAT1, a second member of the TashAT gene family. To this end, the TashAT1 gene was sub-cloned and sequenced and mapped to a region of the genome containing TashAT2 and a third Task AT gene, TashAT3. The 1.4kb open reading frame of TashAT1 was virtually identical to the five prime end of TashAT3, indicating that TashAT1 or TashAT3 (TashAT1/3) were derived from a recent duplication event. The predicted amino acid sequence of TashAT1/3 contained four AT hook motifs, a nuclear localisation signal and a signal sequence. Northern blot analysis revealed that TashAT1, TashAT2 and TashAT3 mRNA were down regulated early, during differentiation to the merozoite in vitro. However, no down regulation was observed for any of the TashAT transcripts in a cell line that was severely attenuated with respect to parasite differentiation. Sequence analysis of the upstream regions of TashAT1/3 identified a motif element (TashUM) located 43bp upstream of the putative transcription start site of TashAT1/3 that was highly related to a sequence upstream of TashAT1 and another, unrelated macroschizont gene, Tash1. Preliminary electromobility band shift analysis of TashUM revealed that it bound to a factor found in host and parasite enriched nuclear extract, which appeared to decrease in abundance as the parasite differentiated towards merogony. Antisera generated against a region of TashAT1 failed to recognise a TashAT1 polypeptide by Western blot analysis. However, a 180kDa polypeptide that was down regulated with respect to merogony and co-localised to the host nucleus was specifically recognised. The detected polypeptide was identified as TashAT3 on the basis of size, sequence identity and predicted expression profile. Immunofluorescence analysis showed that the anti-TashAT1 antisera reacted against both the host nucleus and parasite. This reactivity was lost as the parasite differentiated to the merozoite. The host reactivity was probably due to recognition of TashAT3, while it could not be concluded that the parasite reactivity was directed against TashAT1. Taken together, the results indicated that TashAT3 and possibly TashAT1 are additional candidates for parasite encoded factors that are translocated to the host nucleus, bind to DNA and alter host cell gene expression. This modulation of gene expression could directly or indirectly alter the phenotype of the host cell and be involved in parasite dependent regulation of leukocyte cell division
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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