1,721,107 research outputs found
'El asilo contra la opresión': nacionalismo, masculinidades y cultura visual en Chile, década de 1970
Get PDFThis article focuses on the masculine narrative of Chileanness through the visual culture surrounding the copper industry’s nationalization during the Salvador Allende government (1970-1973). Using official Popular Unity graphics, the article explores the reasoning behind masculine representations vis-à-vis the national rhetoric and its plurisocial roots while transposing them onto the current reality, thus allowing the redefinition of national dignity
Otredades al poder: 'chilenización' de árabes y judíos políticos y sus subjetividades de clase (1930-1970)
Get PDFEste artículo se enfoca en la ‘chilenización’ de inmigrantes árabes y judíos a través de su incorporación en la esfera política nacional. Por medio del análisis de discurso desprendido de prensa nacional en complemento con testimonios de historia oral y fuentes literarias, el enfoque en las carreras políticas de Rafael Tarud y Ángel Faivovich servirán de referentes para responder las siguientes inquietudes ¿Qué relevancia desempeñaron las subjetividades de clases medias en la elección de la ciudadanía como agencia política de los árabes-chilenos y judíos-chilenos? ¿Cuál fue el alcance de la ‘chilenización’ en la agencia política de los árabes-chilenos y judíos-chilenos? ¿Cómo eran percibidos estos políticos entre sus pares –los políticos locales– y la sociedad en general
Una ciudadela para clases medias chilenas: subjetividades de vivienda y vida cotidiana. Villa Olímpica, Ñuñoa en la década del 60
No full textBased on city council documents, press archives and oral testimonies, this analysis explores the state-funded housing project Villa Olímpica (now the Población Exequiel González Cortés). The project was designed to accommodate members of the Chilean middle classes and was located in eastern Santiago in the district of Ñuñoa. The combined issues of housing, personal savings and education are key to the evolution of housing projects subsidized by the then Corporación de la Vivienda (Housing Corporation, CORVI) within the framework of national capitalism. These elements also help to shed light on the evolution of middle-class lifestyles or modes of living, as it was these groups who benefitted most from such schemes thanks to the gentrifying aspect of State policy that was applied to certain housing projects. The urban development of particular sectors of Santiago, including the district of Ñuñoa, can be seen to have occurred in parallel to the flourishing of the middle classes. This was due in part to the production of modern urban spaces to which these sectors of society were particularly attracted, but was also driven by an increase in the social value of home ownership, an aspiration central to the middle-class experi- ence, along with neighborhood life in such sectors. Built during the 1960s, the Villa Olímpica is not only iconic, but crucial to understanding the subjectivities and evolution of space and middle-class housing in Chile
Part I Liberalism, the Idea of Race, and Neoliberalism
No full textEurocentric and Northern imperialist perspectives have often formed the basis of widespread myths and definitions of the middle classes in Latin America. These views have displaced more incisive studies concerning a transnational dialogue that recognizes specific regional circumstances as something other than mere reproductions of a unique original. Such myths have borne little resemblance to the genuine Latin American class experience, since the copies have generally been reductionist or, worse still, responded to the interests of foreign agency over and above the individual features of each local reality. In the past thirty years, however, there has been a shift in focus in the study of the middle classes. The chapters in this section reflect the change that has inspired the authors’ interest in taking their research on Latin America to another level. Underestimation of the possibilities of research into the middle classes has also been a tonic, unlike the case of the upper or popular classes, whose legitimacies as objects of historiographical study can seem unassailable
'Young people committed to the motherland’: Middle-class masculinity, radicalization, and the fragmentation of the ‘Integral Chileans’ in the 1970s
No full textThis chapter focuses on the transformation of left-leaning middle-class youth as part of the transnational politicization that occurred in Chile during the long sixties and the ensuing dictatorship. Based on oral testimonies from members of the middle classes, I introduce the notion of the “Integral Chileans,” whose fragmentation will be explored in terms of the shift in their identity from the ideal, educated professional man to the idealistic, proletarianized middle-class individual who would join in the march along the Chilean road to socialism as a part of his revolutionary experience. The 1973 coup d’état and the subsequent military dictatorship resulted in a transformation of both expressions of civic agency, and masculine performances compared to the period prior to the interruption of democracy. This study exposes the local radicalization of the leftist Integral Chilean men, along with their reinvention through dialogue within the regional arena
Political Immigrants: The “Chileanization” of Arabs and Jews and Their Class Subjectivities, 1930-1970
Get PDFThis article focuses on the ‘Chileanization’ of Arab and Jewish immigrants through their incorporation into the national political
sphere, through the analysis of discourse derived from the national press and complemented by oral history testimonies and literary
sources, the focus on the political careers of Rafael Tarud and Ángel Faivovich will serve as referents to answer the following questions:
What relevance did the subjectivities of the
middle classes play in the choice of citizenship
as the political agency of the Arabs-Chileans
and Jewish-Chileans? What was the scope of
the ‘Chileanization’ in the political agency of
the Arabs-Chileans and Jews-Chileans? How
were these politicians perceived among their
peers –the local politicians– and society in
general
Una ciudadela para clases medias chilenas: subjetividades de vivienda y vida cotidiana Villa Olímpica, Ñuñoa en la década del ‘60
No full textBasado en documentos municipales, archivos de prensa y testimonios de historia oral, este análisis se enfoca en el proyecto habitacional para clases medias: Villa Olímpica – Población Exequiel González Cortés, ubicada al oriente de la capital, Santiago, en la comuna de Ñuñoa. La intersección entre vivienda, ahorro y educación resulta fundamental para analizar tanto la evolución de proyectos habitacionales auspiciados por la Corporación de la Vivienda (CORVI) en el marco de capitalismo nacional, así como la evolución en las formas de habitar de las clases medias. Estas pudieron extraer el máximo beneficio de dichos proyectos habitacionales, dado el tinte gentrificador impreso en el acceso a la casa propia que imponía el Estado hacia algunos de estos proyectos. De esa forma, el desarrollo urbano de ciertos sectores de Santiago, como Ñuñoa, puede ser entendido en paralelo al desarrollo de las clases medias. Ya sea a partir de la producción de espacios urbanos modernos a los que estos sectores resultaban especialmente permeables, en convergencia con el valor de la casa propia en tanto aspiración central de la experiencia clasemediera, así como de las formas de habitar y la vida de barrio de la comuna de Ñuñoa. Construida en la década de 1960, la Villa Olímpica resulta icónica para comprender las subjetividades del espacio y de la vivienda de clases medias en Chile, así como su evolución.Fil: Stern, Claudia. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Diseño y Urbanismo Centro de Investigaciones de Historia de la Vivienda en América Latin
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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