1,721,179 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Reseñas de libros
No full textComunicación y cambio social Peter Schenkel y Marco Ordóñez; Guía de tendencias en la industria de la comunicación Christopher H. Sterling, Timothy R. Haight; La UPI en Puebla Ana María Ezcurra, Cayetano de Lella; El desafío jurídico de la comunicación internacional compilado por Alberto Ruiz Eldredge; Manual de grupos de aprendizaje radiofónico David Crowley, Alan Etherington, Ross Kidd
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Reseñas de libros
No full textComunicación y cambio social Peter Schenkel y Marco Ordóñez; Guía de tendencias en la industria de la comunicación Christopher H. Sterling, Timothy R. Haight; La UPI en Puebla Ana María Ezcurra, Cayetano de Lella; El desafío jurídico de la comunicación internacional compilado por Alberto Ruiz Eldredge; Manual de grupos de aprendizaje radiofónico David Crowley, Alan Etherington, Ross Kidd
Reseñas de libros
No full textComunicación y cambio social Peter Schenkel y Marco Ordóñez; Guía de tendencias en la industria de la comunicación Christopher H. Sterling, Timothy R. Haight; La UPI en Puebla Ana María Ezcurra, Cayetano de Lella; El desafío jurídico de la comunicación internacional compilado por Alberto Ruiz Eldredge; Manual de grupos de aprendizaje radiofónico David Crowley, Alan Etherington, Ross Kidd
Prediction Models for Tuberculosis Treatment Outcomes
No full textDespite widespread availability of curative treatment, tuberculosis (TB) treatment outcomes remain sub-optimal, particularly among persons living with HIV. In 2018, global treatment success rates were 85% and 75% for TB and HIV-associated TB, respectively, far from the End TB Strategy target of ≥90%. To curtail TB morbidity and mortality, researchers and clinicians pursue early identification of individuals most likely to experience unsuccessful TB outcomes, as this may help direct interventions or resources towards those most in need.
Clinical prediction modeling enables risk-based decision making and can lay the groundwork for future strategies to optimize TB outcomes. Additionally, given widespread recognition that HIV negatively influences TB outcomes, and the importance of isoniazid metabolism for safety and efficacy of TB therapy, these factors should be thoughtfully considered in prediction models.
I systematically reviewed existing prediction models for TB treatment outcomes, including 33 studies presenting 37 models. Upon quality assessment, all models suffered bias, due to poor reporting of study population and data collection, complete-case analysis, univariate analysis-based model selection, lack of calibration assessment, and limited validation.
Improving upon those results, I used data from 944 drug-susceptible, culture-confirmed, pulmonary TB cases enrolled in the Regional Prospective Observational Research for TB (RePORT) Brazil cohort to develop and internally validate a prediction model for unsuccessful TB treatment outcomes (death, treatment failure, loss to follow-up). The final model included seven baseline predictors: hemoglobin, HIV-infection, drug use, diabetes, age, education, and tobacco use. It demonstrated good discrimination (c-statistic=0·77; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0·73-0·80) and calibration (optimism-corrected intercept and slope: -0·12 and 0·89, respectively).
I also estimated the incremental value of including HIV-related severity measures (CD4 T-cell count, HIV-1 RNA viral load, antiretroviral therapy use) or isoniazid acetylator status to provide insight about the importance of collecting these data, but none added notable improvement to the model.
This study addresses the pressing need for improved prediction and prevention of unsuccessful TB outcomes. Methods adhered to expert guidance for developing prediction models. The resultant model performed well and can be easily implemented via a nomogram or web-based calculator
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