4,007 research outputs found
Detecting low‑intake dehydration using bioelectrical impedance analysis in older adults in acute care settings: a systematic review
No full textBackground: dehydration is a frequent cause of excess morbidity and poor health outcomes, particularly in older adults who have an increased risk of fluid loss due to renal senescence, comorbidities, and polypharmacy. Detecting dehydration is key to instigating treatment to resolve the problem and prevent further adverse consequences; however, current approaches to diagnosis are unreliable and, as a result, under-detection remains a widespread problem. This systematic review sought to explore the value of bioelectrical impedance in detecting low-intake dehydration among older adults admitted to acute care settings. Methods: a literature search using MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library was undertaken from inception till May 2022 and led to the eventual evaluation of four studies. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane tool for observational studies; three studies had a high risk of bias, and one had a low risk. Data were extracted using systematic proofs. Due to insufficient reporting, the data were analysed using narrative synthesis. Results: one study showed that the sensitivity and specificity of bioelectrical impedance in detecting low-intake dehydration varied considerably depending on the total body water percentage threshold used to ascertain dehydration status. Other included studies supported the technique’s utility when compared to conventional measures of hydration status. Conclusions: given the scarcity of literature and inconsistency between findings, it is not possible to ascertain the value of bioelectrical impedance for detecting low-intake dehydration in older inpatients
(A) Study of Hong Myung-Hee's [Lim Geuk-jung]
No full text본 연구는 벽초 홍명희(碧初 洪命喜)의 작가의식 형성과정과 그의 작품 『임꺽정』에 구현된 작가의식 내용을 밝히는 것을 목적으로 한다.
문학작품은 작가의 체험이나 이념정향뿐만 아니라 창작의 사회·경제적 조건, 문학텍스트의 해석적 실천 등 다양한 창작 통로를 가진다. 기존의 『임꺽정』연구들이 작가의 체험이나 이념적 측면에만 초점을 맞춘 것은 이러한 면을 간과한 것이다. 작품을 보다 객관적으로 해명하기 위해서는 시대적 조건에 의해 규정되는 작가의식의 도움이 필요하다. 본 연구는 보다 체계적이고 구체적인 작가의식 형성과정을 파악하기 위해 골드만의 세계관 추출방법을 차용하여 이에 의거해 추적하는 방식을 택할 것이다.
홍명희의 작가의식을 이러한 관점에서 파악하려 할 때 그것은 사대부라는 신분조건을 배경으로 하여 동경유학생활과 신간회활동과정을 경험하는 동안 변증법적으로 전개되는 과정을 거쳤다고 할 수 있다.
사대부 가계 출신이라는 홍명희의 신분적 배경은 세계관이 형성되기 이전의 초기의식을 규정하였다. 그는 첫째, 순수한 관료 내지 학자적 면모가 강한 풍산 홍씨의 경제적이고 지적인 풍토 위에서 여유로운 자기성찰과 더불어 외부적 변화에 능동적으로 대처해나갈 자세를 배울 수 있었고, 둘째, 재경사족이라는 특성상 상대적으로 지주의 성격이 약한 가문의 영향으로 농민이나 민중에 대한 시각이 비교적 너그러웠을 것이다.
홍명희의 동경 유학은 근대적 지식인으로 성장하는 계기를 열었다. 그는 다른 유학생들이 그러했듯이, 일본의 자유주의적 사상분위기 속에서 전통적 인습과 사고를 객관화하여 비판적으로 볼 수 있었다. 그러나, 그는 자유로운 사고를 막는 고루한 양반 의식에 구속되는 것을 거부하면서도 자신의 뿌리인 사대부적 전통 모두를 부정하지는 않았다. 그에게는 극단적인 자기부정에 이르지 않고도 신사고를 수용할 수 있는 유연성과 탁월한 평형감각이 있었던 것이다.
홍명희는 '공산주의자와 민족주의자들의 통일전선'인 신간회에 사회주의 계열의 인물로 참여하지만 이에 앞서 부르조아 민족주의자의 단체 결성에도 참여하는 등 이념에 있어 유연한 태도를 보여주었다. 신간회에서 주도적으로 활동하면서 좌우 세력을 아우르고 화합시키려고 힘썼다는 점 역시 그가 극단적인 이념주의자가 아니라는 사실을 증거해준다. 이러한 조화로운 세계인식 태도 속에서 유교적 이상과 민중의식이라는 두가지 축을 중심으로 하는 그의 세계관이 탄생하고, 여기서 작가의식 또한 정립되기에 이른다. 홍명희의 『임꺽정』은 이러한 작가의식의 내용을 구현하면서 1930년대의 시대상황이 요구하는 민족해방운동의 실천형식으로 창작되었다.
『임꺽정』에서 추구되는 유교적 이상의 세계는 정명론적 질서의 세계와 가족을 중심으로 하는 동심원적 질서의 세계이다.
임꺽정패의 소외의식을 통해 비판적으로 재현되고 있는 당시의 시대상황은 정명론적 질서가 파괴된 상태였다. 임꺽정패의 주체적 의식 결여는 질서의 세계에서 이탈된 자들로서의 소외감에 기인한다. 작가는 임금으로부터 백성에 이르기까지 질서파괴의 가해자로 참여하고 있는 이 상황을 비판하면서 유교적 조화에 대한 이상을 추구하고 있다. 마찬가지로, 임꺽정패의 비윤리성은 그들이 가족이라는 기본단위 형성에 실패한데 따른 파생적 결과이다. 여기에는 가정이 다양성을 수렴하며 조화롭게 살아가는 공동체적 원리를 수양하는 근거가 된다는 작가의 의식이 담겨있다.
한편, 민중에 대한 관심은 존재를 구속하는 현실적 조건들을 초월하려는 데에서 나타난다. 이것은 유토피아적 전망과 관련되는 부분이다.
임꺽정과 의형제들은 현실의 질서체계에는 조화롭게 적응하지 못했지만, 청석골이라는 폐쇄적 공간을 통해 결핍의 요소들을 결속의 원리로 바꾸고 있다. 현실적으로 무력한 민중계급의 인물들에게 새로운 존재의 의미를 부여하는 계기를 마련하고자 했던 작가의 유토피아적 전망이 작용하고 있는 것이다. 봉단과 이장곤의 결혼은 남자와 여자에게, 상층계급과 하층계급에게 요구되는 이원적 가치를 결합시킨다는 의미에서 현실의 갈등을 해소시키고 조화를 이루어내는 미래지향적인 모델을 상징한다. 그리고, 갖바치는 초현실적인 이미지로 역사와 현실을 뛰어넘으면서 『임꺽정』을 이끌어가는 독특한 전망을 수립한다. 그는 세속과 신성, 삶과 죽음이라는 대립하는 항목들의 경계를 초월해버림으로써 현실초극적 양상을 띠게되는 유토피아 의식의 체현 인물이다.
마지막으로, 『임꺽정』의 문학사적 의의를 논함에 있어, 이 작품이 계급문학과 민족문학의 대립을 지양하고 근대적 민족문학을 수립하고자 하는 과제에 직면했던 시대의 산물이라는 점은 주목할 만하다. 『임꺽정』은 식민지 시대의 대응논리로서 민족이라는 공통항을 묶어내야 하는 이 시기 민족문학의 필요충분조건을 지니고 있다. 그것은 민중의 생활에 밀착하는 구체적 관심에서 출발하여 우리 고유의 것으로 무장된 민족성을 찾아내는 데에 이르는 모습에서 확인된다. 이와 함께 『임꺽정』이 이전의 낭만주의적 역사소설의 유형에서 벗어나 근대 역사의식을 반영시키고 있다는 점은 역사소설의 실천적 의미와 관련하여 의미있게 검토될 수 있는 측면이다.
이제까지의 연구를 통해서 『임꺽정』이 작가 홍명희의 정치적 행적이나 이념의 직접적 반영물이 아니라는 점을 확인할 수 있었으며, 또한 이는 문학사회학의 기본 입장을 재확인하는 작업이었다고 할 수 있다. 이 작품의 진정한 의미가 작가 개인에게 환원되기 보다는 그 사회의 구성원들과 오늘을 사는 우리 자신들에 대한 물음으로 되살아나야 한다는 의미에서 이러한 작업은 의의가 있다고 여겨진다.;This study aims at finding out the forming process of Hong Myung-Hee's author consciousness and the content of the embodied in 『Lim Geuk- Jungd』.
Literature text can be explained in various ways. In fact author's experience, ideology, and social and economic conditions give us a lot of possibility of interpretation. The existing studies for 『Lim Geuk- Jung』 have only focused at the author's experiences or his ideology. But this attitude has overlooked the possibility of various explanations. To explain it objectively, the help of author consciousness prescribed by social conditions is needed. This study will borrow Goldmann's method for world-vision to grasp the embodying process of author consciousness more systematically and definitely. And on the basis of it, Hong Myung-Hee' s author consciousness will be traced.
Highborn social position had shaped Hong Myung-Hee's early consciousness before he established his world-vision. So he could reflect himself and observe class conflict generously. Through the studying in Tokyo and working for Shin-Gan group , he had flexibility and an eminent sense of balance so that he could receive new thought without extreme self-denial.
After all, this harmonious world understanding attitude bore his world-vision based on Confucian ideas and the popula consciousness, which made his author consciousness clear.
Therefore, Hong Myung-Hee's 『Lim Geuk- Jung』 was written as the practical form of national liberation movement which was demanding in 1930's, embodying his author consciousness.
The Confucian ideal world pursued in 『Lim Geuk-Jung』 is the world of correct nominalism order and the world of family-centered order. But it is destroyed in the social situation which is showed through the sense of alienation and immorality of Lim Geuk-Jung group.
Hong Myung-Hee's interest in the lower classes appears in the utopian prospect related with characters of the lower classes and it shows the trial to rise above the restrained real conditions. First, Lim Geuk-Jung and his sworn brothers can change the factor of lack into the principle of unity in Chung-suk valley, the isolated place. Second, the marriage of Bong Dan and Lee Jang-Gon combines the dualistic value which is demanded to male and female, the upper classes and the lower classes. It symbolizes the future model which solve the real conflicts and harmonize. Finally, Gad-ba-chi is described as a sage who is beyond the boundary between the worldliness and divinity and between living and death. so he achieves the utopia.
Therefore, 『Lim Geuk- Jung』 reflects the demand for sublating opposition between class literature and national literature and establishing the modern national literature. And 『Lim Geuk- Jung』 is valued as the work which shows the modern historical consciousness.목차 = ⅰ
論文槪要 = ⅱ
Ⅰ. 序論 = 1
A. 연구사 검토 및 문제 제기 = 1
B. 연구방향 및 방법 = 6
Ⅱ. 홍명희의 작가의식 형성과정 = 14
A. 전통 사대부가문의 수혜자 의식 = 14
B. 의식의 지평 확대 = 22
1. 동경유학시절의 신학문 수용 = 22
2. 신간회활동시의 좌우대립 지양노력 = 28
C. 작가의식의 정립과 『임꺽정』의 창작 = 34
Ⅲ. 『임꺽정』에 구현된 작가의식 = 43
A. 유교적 이상과 현실적 갈등의 비판적 재현 = 43
1. 정명론적 질서 파괴와 청석골패의 소외의식 = 43
2. 가족해체와 청석골패의 비윤리성 = 56
B. 민중적 인물을 통한 유토피아적 전망 = 64
1. 폐쇄적 결속의 원리 추구 : 임꺽정과 의형제 = 64
2. 이원적 가치의 결합 : 봉단-이장곤 = 75
3. 대립의 초월적 해결 : 갖바치 = 81
Ⅳ. 『임꺽정』의 문학사적 의의 = 89
Ⅴ. 結論 = 97
참고문헌 = 101
ABSTRACT = 10
Pettman Ensemble concert in Beverley,UK
No full textRepertoire Lilburn: Sonata for violin nd paino, Schumann: Piano quintet, Cowan: Trio, Bliss: Piano quartetSalzmann, E. (Cello), De Pledge, S. (Piano), Gould, C. (Violin), Lim, B. (Violin), Park,J, (Viola)The Pettman Ensemble with Clio Gould, Stephen de Pledge, Julie Park, Benedict Lim and Edith Salzmann was invited to present a recital at Toll Gavel Church in Beverley. The invitation came from the Beverley twinning association. The piano trio from Claire Cowan had it's first Northern Hemisphere performance in the concertSalzmann, E. (Cello), De Pledge, S. (Piano), Gould, C. (Violin), Lim, B. (Violin), Park,J, (Viola
From Kulim to Singapore: Catherine Lim's literary life
No full textThe publication in 1993 by Heinemann Asia of a volume of stories entitled The Best of Catherine Lim emphasised the significant contribution which this talented author has made to recent Singaporean fiction. The 1993 edition contains work from five of Catherine Lim's previously published collections, from Little Ironies (1978) to Deadline for Love (1992), and reflects the confidence which her publishers usually have in her capacity to draw a strong local reading audience. In fact, a Catherine Lim book is quite capable of attracting sales of 20,00O copies in a first edition
From Kulim to Singapore: Catherine Lim's literary life
No full textThe publication in 1993 by Heinemann Asia of a volume of stories entitled The Best of Catherine Lim emphasised the significant contribution which this talented author has made to recent Singaporean fiction. The 1993 edition
contains work from five of Catherine Lim's previously published collections, from Little Ironies (1978) to Deadline for Love (1992), and reflects the confidence which her publishers usually have in her capacity to draw a strong local reading audience. In fact, a Catherine Lim book is quite capable of attracting sales of 20,000 copies in a first edition
Interactions between LHX3-And ISL1-family LIM-homeodomain transcription factors are conserved in Caenorhabditis elegans
No full text© 2017 The Author(s). LIM-Homeodomain (LIM-HD) transcription factors are highly conserved in animals where they are thought to act in a transcriptional 'LIM code' that specifies cell types, particularly in the central nervous system. In chick and mammals the interaction between two LIM-HD proteins, LHX3 and Islet1 (ISL1), is essential for the development of motor neurons. Using yeast two-hybrid analysis we showed that the Caenorhabditis elegans orthologs of LHX3 and ISL1, CEH-14 and LIM-7 can physically interact. Structural characterisation of a complex comprising the LIM domains from CEH-14 and a LIM-interaction domain from LIM-7 showed that these nematode proteins assemble to form a structure that closely resembles that of their vertebrate counterparts. However, mutagenic analysis across the interface indicates some differences in the mechanisms of binding. We also demonstrate, using fluorescent reporter constructs, that the two C. elegans proteins are co-expressed in a small subset of neurons. These data show that the propensity for LHX3 and Islet proteins to interact is conserved from C. elegans to mammals, raising the possibility that orthologous cell specific LIM-HD-containing transcription factor complexes play similar roles in the development of neuronal cells across diverse species
Which Canadian Seniors Are Below the Low-Income Measure?
No full textAbout 6% of seniors in Canada have family incomes below the Low-Income Measure. (The Low-Income Measure is 50% of the median family income, adjusted for family size, and is a commonly used, if arbitrary, operational definition of relative poverty.) This is a low rate by international standards, in sharp contrast to the high rate in Canada about 35 years ago. It is lower than the comparable rates for the general Canadian population or for families with children and more Canadians leave below-LIM status during their retirement years than enter it. Canadian income tax data show that the remaining 6% are disproportionately immigrant, female, currently unmarried and supporting dependent children (possibly grandchildren). Age does not appear to be of great importance.relative poverty, Canadian income distribution, pension adequacy
Agonist antibodies for cancer immunotherapy: History, Hopes and Challenges
No full textImmunotherapy is amongst the most promising new treatment modalities to arise over the last two decades; antibody drugs are delivering immunotherapy to millions of patients with many different types of cancer. Initial success with antibody therapeutics came in the form of direct targeting or cytotoxic antibodies, such as rituximab and trastuzumab, which bind directly to tumor cells to elicit their destruction. These were followed by immunomodulatory antibodies, that elicit anti-tumor responses by either stimulating immune cells or relieving tumor-mediated suppression. By far the most successful approach in the clinic to date has been relieving immune suppression, with immune checkpoint blockade now a standard approach in the treatment of many cancer types. Despite equivalent and sometimes even more impressive effects in pre-clinical models, agonist antibodies designed to stimulate the immune system have lagged behind in their clinical translation. In this review we document the main receptors that have been targeted by agonist antibodies, consider the various approaches that have been evaluated to date, detail what we have learnt and consider how their anti-cancer potential can be unlocked
Dynamic response of an Offshore wind turbine using linear (LIM) and non-linear (NLIM) environmental interaction models: A Parametric study
No full textThe present state-of-the-art modelling tools (such as FAST, BLADED) used for modelling an offshore wind turbine (OWT) are too detailed and computationally expensive. These tools are required only at detailed design stages of a project. For the preliminary phase, however, a much simpler (yet reliable) 3D model can improve and speedup the design process. Therefore, the aim of this thesis was to develop two different finite element models of an offshore wind turbine and compare their dynamic responses. In order to assess the extent of non-linearities in the environmental interactions arising due to structural motions, one model included the non-linear models of soil, hydrodynamic and aerodynamic loads (called NLIM henceforth) while the other used linearized expressions for modelling them (called LIM henceforth). The soil was modelled as a series of non-linear (and linear) elastic springs using p-y curves. The conventionally used Morison's equation was compared with MacCamy and Fuchs' equation for modelling the hydrodynamic loads on a large diameter pile. It was found that the MacCamy and Fuchs' equation is a better way of modelling the hydrodynamic loads on submerged cylinders than Morison's equation as it takes the wave diffraction effects into account. Several load cases were defined and the models were subjected to these load cases to check whether they are able to capture the physical behaviour of the OWT. The modal decomposition technique was used for reducing simulation time. It was found that the model(s) adequately captured the physical behaviour of the OWT till a wind speed of 20 m/s. Its side-side plane physical behaviour needs further investigation for a constant wind speed of 24 m/s. The LIM and the NLIM compared well for most load cases. For the side-side plane responses, however, the LIM developed a phase lag. A strong coupling was found between the motions (rotations) in fore-aft plane and the motions about the yaw axis. The structural velocities were found to be very small to influence hydrodynamic drag terms. Also, the defections of the pile in the soil were found to be too small suggesting that p-y curves do not capture the non-linear behaviour of soil accurately. Finally, a damping matrix resulting from the linearised aerodynamic forces was used for calculating the modal damping ratios related to different modes. The results were compared to the literature, with addition of side-side and yaw damping.Mechanical, Maritime and Materials EngineeringHydraulic EngineeringOffshore Engineerin
Bibliographics for the 983 eprints in the live archives of E-LIS : trends and status report up to 7th July 2004, based on author-self-archiving metadata
No full textThe priority for ideas and philosophy related to "Network Theory" have been traced back and documented by Braun(2004),and credit goes to Karinthy(1929).The IT has empowered to realise it, as the most practical phenomena and it is no more a humour. The OAI (Open Archives Initiatives)and ACIS (Academic Contributor Information System)are progressive in the direction ,which may lead to realise the "Collective Genius" at global level. Focus of present study is on Author-Self-Archiving (A-S-A)Metadata of the 983 Eprints in the Live Archives of the E-LIS (EPrints of Library and Information Science),which were approved till 7th July 2004.The A-S-A Metadata was used for librametric analysis. Self-explanatory bibliographics are illustrated.The highlights include: Conference papers (34%); highest approval, June 2004 (28%); published archives (76%);not refereed (52%); not in public domain (60%); highest self-archiving-author (De Robbio, Antonella).The Nos. of EPrints having single JITA domain specifications were: Theoretical and general aspects of libraries and information(27); Information use and sociology of information(80);Users,literacy and reading(13);Libraries as physical collections(30);Publishing and legal issues(57);Management(13);Industry, profession and education(36);Information sources, supports, channels(113) ; Information treatment for information services, Information functions and techniques (101); Technical services libraries, archives and museums(25); Housing technologies(1); Information technology and library technology(92); and Inter-domainery (395) i.e. having specifications of two or more than two JITA classes
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