39 research outputs found
The methodological status of co-authorship networks
No full textA powerful strategy within the study of collaboration
in science is to posit that co-authorship patterns
represent social networks.
It is prerequisite to an application of Social
Network Analysis (SNA) to define the network
entities. A network analysis of the inter-institutional
collaboration in COLLNET on the basis
of co-authorships was conducted. The study reveals
that it is crucial whether the co-authorship
itself is seen as an author's relational property or
as a social event that brings the authors together.
The former possibility is represented by a onemode
network in which each author can be related
to each other author. Quite distinct from
that are two-mode networks, the latter approach.
They consist of two single data sets in which relations
are only possible between different sets.
Different modes of representations require
different network approaches. One is that co-authorship
networks are seen as one-mode networks,
which has the advantage of the application
of a variety of measures. In contrast, twomode
networks, the other option, cannot be analysed
by standard techniques but its distinctive
features demand a new conceptualisation of
measures. In conclusion, the two-mode perspective
is more promising because it allows a dual
perspective on collaboration in science which includes
researchers as well as their scientific output
The Basics of Educational Podcasting: Enhancing the Student Learning Experience
No full textMB004, a 6-page illustrated fact sheet by Jamie S. Foster and Stephanie A. Havemann, presents a brief tutorial for educators interested in generating and publishing their own podcasts and discusses the role of podcasting in the classroom. Includes references. Published by the UF Department of Microbiology and Cell Sciences, July 2008
Lotka' s Law, Co-authorship and Interdisciplinary Publishing
No full textThe robustness or breakdown of Lotka's law about the frequency distribution of scientific productivity depends on scientific cooperation, counting methods, interdisciplinary publishing and selection methods for sample collections. We have chosen to analyse the relationship using Mandelbrot's equivalent distribution model because this model is sensitive and uses the original data (scores). Five sets of authors and publications, the two sets used by Lotka, a set from High Energy Physics, a set from Microbiology and a set based on applicants to a research programme promoting young researchers have been used. It is shown that even for a sample of authors in High-Energy Physics with extremely strong co-authorship, Mandelbrot's distribution law is robust when complete-normalized (fractional) counting is used whereas complete counting results in a breakdown. In the field of Microbiology with much weaker cooperation, both counting methods result in a breakdown of Mandelbrot's law. Today a field like Microbiology with the corresponding set of journals, probably has a large content of interdisciplinary publishing and therefore no more fulfills the precondition of Lotka's law, that the total production of the authors (sources) is considered. For a set of applicants for the Emmy Noether Programme of the German Research Foundation. Mandelbrot's law breaks down despite the fact that all publications co-authored by the applicants are taken into account. In agreement with Bayes' theorem of conditional probabilities these results lead to the conjecture that any selection process of authors and/or publications causes a breakdown of Mandelbrot's law and, as a consequence Lotka's law
The Basics of Educational Podcasting: Enhancing the Student Learning Experience
No full textPodcasting has become a well-known way to communicate in the digital age. Many educators are finding ways to use podcasts in the classroom as a learning tool. This document covers the basic equipment, software, and techniques of podcasting, as well as ways to use podcasts in the classroom, with an in-depth example from the University of Florida. This 6-page fact sheet was written by Jamie S. Foster, Jennifer Larmore, and Stephanie A. Havemann, and published by the UF Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, July 2012
[Rezension zu:] Miriam Havemann: The Subject Rising Against its Author
No full textRezension zu Miriam Havemann: The Subject Rising Against its Author. A Poetics of Rebellion in Bryan Stanley Johnson's Oeuvre. Hildesheim/Zürich/New York (Georg Olms Verlag) 2011 (= ECHO - Literaturwissenschaft im interdisziplinären Dialog, Bd. 13). 427 S.
Mit der Publikation ihrer in der Bochumer Komparatistik eingereichten Dissertation widmet sich Miriam Havemann einem bis vor wenigen Jahren fast in Vergessenheit geratenen britischen Schriftsteller der 1960er und 1970er Jahre, dessen Arbeiten erst mit dem Erscheinen von Jonathan Coes Biographie 'Like a Fiery Elephant: The Story of B.S. Johnson' (2004) und der Wiederauflage vieler seiner Romane neue Beachtung fanden
The methodological status of co-authorship networks
No full textJahn N. The methodological status of co-authorship networks. In: Havemann F, Kretschmer H, eds. Fourth International Conference on Webometrics, Informetrics and Scientometrics and Ninth COLLNET Meeting. Berlin: HU Berlin; 2008.A powerful strategy within the study of collaboration in science is to posit that co-authorship patterns represent social networks. It is prerequisite to an application of Social Network Analysis (SNA) to define the network entities. A network analysis of the inter-institutional collaboration in COLLNET on the basis of co-authorships was conducted. The study reveals that it is crucial whether the co-authorship itself is seen as an author's relational property or as a social event that brings the authors together. The former possibility is represented by a onemode network in which each author can be related to each other author. Quite distinct from that are two-mode networks, the latter approach. They consist of two single data sets in which relations are only possible between different sets. Different modes of representations require different network approaches. One is that co-authorship networks are seen as one-mode networks, which has the advantage of the application of a variety of measures. In contrast, twomode networks, the other option, cannot be analysed by standard techniques but its distinctive features demand a new conceptualisation of measures. In conclusion, the two-mode perspective is more promising because it allows a dual perspective on collaboration in science which includes researchers as well as their scientific output
Quality Assurance in the Open: An Evaluation of OER Repositories
No full textThe World OER Declaration 2012 recommends that States join efforts to facilitate finding, retrieving and sharing OER. The OER movement has thus far spurred the creation of numerous repository initiatives worldwide with the aim of aiding the development of Open Educational Practice. This paper is based on the analysis on a set of 80 repositories of OER. In order to evaluate the quality of repositories, a set of ten quality indicators was obtained from an analysis of key literature. These indicators represent good practices in repository design, as they enable repositories to promote openness, sharing, reuse of resources and collaboration amongst academic communities. The incidence of the indicators within the actual repositories of OER is discussed, with the aim of understanding the extent to which these good practices are commonplace across repositories when considered by type, region, and overall. Although there are numerous references in the OER literature to the importance of these features in repository design, the actual initiatives demonstrate quite heterogeneous approaches, and some indicators achieve very low incidence considering the crucial role they play in supporting the aims of the OER movement. The significance of the various indicators is considered in relation to questions of overlap, practicality and sustainability, in order to suggest directions for further investigation and ultimately the improvement of these important repositories
Comparative characterization of the microbial diversities of an artificial microbialite model and a natural stromatolite
No full textMicrobialites are organosedimentary structures that result from the trapping, binding, and lithification of sediments by microbial mat communities. In this study we developed a model artificial microbialite system derived from natural stromatolites, a type of microbialite, collected from Exuma Sound, Bahamas. We demonstrated that the morphology of the artificial microbialite was consistent with that of the natural system in that there was a multilayer community with a pronounced biofilm on the surface, a concentrated layer of filamentous cyanobacteria in the top 5 mm, and a lithified layer of fused oolitic sand grains in the subsurface. The fused grain layer was comprised predominantly of the calcium carbonate polymorph aragonite, which corresponded to the composition of the Bahamian stromatolites. The microbial diversity of the artificial microbialites and that of natural stromatolites were also compared using automated ribosomal intergenic spacer analysis (ARISA) and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The ARISA profiling indicated that the Shannon indices of the two communities were comparable and that the overall diversity was not significantly lower in the artificial microbialite model. Bacterial clone libraries generated from each of the three artificial microbialite layers and natural stromatolites indicated that the cyanobacterial and crust layers most closely resembled the ecotypes detected in the natural stromatolites and were dominated by Proteobacteria and Cyanobacteria. We propose that such model artificial microbialites can serve as experimental analogues for natural stromatolites
Soziale Marktwirtschaft und "Wirtschaftswunder" im bundesdeutschen Berufsfußball der 1950er und 1960er Jahre?
No full textFor more than fifty years now the Bundesliga is an important part of German sporting and cultural life and identity. Yet there are voices who harshly criticize the growing trend of commercialization which allegedly tends to undermine the true sporting nature of the game. The author points out that there is no need at all to be nostalgic about the assumed "good old days" of German football. In fact, the first years of the Bundesliga were characterized by dubious economic practices: While the German Football Association officially stuck to the ideal of amateurism, a shadow economy was flourishing around the clubs and its players. This insincerity and corruption became a burden especially for the involved communities. In contrast to that, the article argues, the often demonized period of neo-liberalism, with its final take-off since the 1990s, has given Bundesliga clubs the opportunity to create a highly professional profile and management – a development that goes to the benefit not only of sport itself but also to its social and cultural surroundings
Role of MrgA in Peroxide and Light Stress in the Cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803.
No full textIn the unicellular cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803, the mrgA gene is part of the PerR regulon that is upregulated during peroxide stress. We determined that an ΔmrgA mutant was highly sensitive to low peroxide levels and that the mutant upregulated a gene cluster (sll1722-26) that encoded enzymes involved with exopolymeric substance (EPS) production. We made mutants in this EPS cluster in both a wild type and ΔmrgA background and studied the responses to oxidative stress by measuring cell damage with LIVE/DEAD stain. We show that Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 becomes highly sensitive to oxidative stress when either mrgA or the sll1722-26 EPS components are deleted. The results suggest that the deletion of the EPS cluster makes a cell highly susceptible to cell damage, under moderate oxidative stress conditions. Mutations in either mrgA or the EPS cluster also result in cells that are more light and peroxide sensitive, and produce significantly less EPS material than in wild type. In this study, we show that in the absence of MrgA, which is known to be involved in the storage or mobilization of iron, cells can be more easily damaged by exogenous oxidative and light stress
