94 research outputs found
Les séquences plio-pléistocènes littorales et estuariennes de Normandie [Littoral and estuarine plio-pleistocene sequences in Normandy (France)]
No full textSeveral long records have been defined and dated on the base of the stratigraphy of the continental cover sediments and of datings especially at Tancarville and Tourville in the Seine estuary and along the coast of the Cotentin peninsula (Port-Racine, Écalgrain). Mainly the eemian beach and the weichselian cover are well known and also the previous sequence beginning with the isotopic stage 7. In the Carentan basin the marine tiglian sands are above the Reuverian clay and below the oldest fluvial formation of Normandy (Eburonian-Menapian).Plusieurs longues séquences du Pleistocene moyen et supérieur ont été définies en Normandie, notamment dans la partie aval de la vallée de la Seine (Tourville et Tancarville) et dans le Cotentin (Port-Racine, Écalgrain). On a pu ainsi caractériser les formations marines ou fluvio- marines des stades isotopiques 5 et 7 grâce aux datations, à la faune et à la stratigraphie des dépôts continentaux périglaciaires de couverture. Des sites plus anciens, bien datés, concernent d'une part le Reuvérien de Rouen (La Londe) et du bassin de Carentan et, d'autre part, les Sables de St- Vigor en Basse-Normandie d'âge tiglien qui sont recouverts par une formation fluviatile d'âge éburonien-ménapien.Lautridou Jean Pierre, Baize Stephane, Clet Martine, Coutard Jean Pierre, Ozouf J.C. Les séquences plio-pléistocènes littorales et estuariennes de Normandie [Littoral and estuarine plio-pleistocene sequences in Normandy (France)]. In: Quaternaire, vol. 10, n°2-3, 1999. pp. 161-169
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The Graph of the White Marsh and its Dunhuang “Anomaly”: The Multifunctionality of Dunhuang Manuscripts P.2682 and S.6261
No full textThis study investigates the ancient Graph of the White Marsh (Baize tu 白澤圖, hereafter the White Marsh) and medieval Dunhuang manuscripts P.2682 and S.6261, titled “Graph of Spirits and Monsters of the White Marsh” (Baize jingguai tu 白澤精恠圖, hereafter “Spirits and Monsters”). The White Marsh is an anomalous creature anthology attributed to the fantastic animal Baize (白澤, lit. White Marsh), the text-product of a mythological encounter between Baize and the Yellow Emperor (Huangdi 黃帝). Although the ancient text was lost by the medieval period, Jin dynasty (266–420) sources show that the White Marsh has evolved from its early function as an anomalous creature anthology to a Daoist graphic register (tulu 圖錄). More importantly, the White Marsh potentially functioned as a model for a corpus of texts attributed to Baize, with the Dunhuang manuscripts as one of the cases. Based on this model-case relationship between the White Marsh and “Spirits and Monsters,” this study examines the multifunctionality of the latter. Paratextual and textual features of the manuscripts show that the author-compiler and editors were consciously thinking about balancing the original graphic-register function with two new functions: divination manual and household apotropaion. The greater emphasis on “useful” functions in the manuscripts were perhaps the results of an intentional strategy to shift the Baize corpus away from the realm of esoteric, occult knowledge into one of common and accessible vernacular religion
The Contribution of Palaeoseismology to Seismic Hazard Assessment in Site Evaluation for Nuclear Installations
No full textIn the framework of site evaluation/re-evaluation procedures for nuclear power plants and other nuclear installations, this publication aims at encouraging and supporting Member States, especially from newcomer countries, to include paleoseismic investigations into the geologic database. In fact, paleoseismology is not just a crucial discipline for Fault Displacement Hazard Assessment (FDHA) but also an indispensable tool for Seismic Hazard Assessment (SHA), as recommended in the reference IAEA Safety Guide (IAEA SSG-9 [1]). Within this scope, this document provides an updated review of the state of the art of paleoseismology, integrated with practical recommendations addressed to Member States, aiming to emphasize the value of earthquake geology studies for nuclear safety. Paleoseismic investigations in the context of site evaluation of nuclear installations, as described in the IAEA SSG-9 [1], have the following main objectives: •Identification of seismogenic structures based on the recognition of effects of past earthquakes in the region; •Improvement of the completeness of earthquake catalogs, through the identification and dating of ancient moderate to large earthquakes, whose trace has been preserved in the geologic record; •Estimation of the maximum seismic potential associated with an identified seismogenic structure/source, typically on the basis of the amount of displacement per event (evaluable in paleoseismic trenches), as well as of the geomorphic and stratigraphic features interpretable as the cumulative effect of repeated large seismic events (concept of ‘seismic landscape’); •Rough calibration of probabilistic seismic hazard assessment (PSHA), by using the recurrence interval of large earthquakes detectable by paleoseismic investigations, and providing a ‘reality check’ based on direct observations of earthquake environmental effects
Data contained in "20-Kyr-Long Record Of Surface Faulting Along The Source Of The 30 October 2016 Earthquake (Central Apennines, Italy), From Integrated Paleoseismic Datasets" submitted to Journal of Geophysical Research – Solid Earth by Cinti F.R. et al.
No full textData contained in “20-Kyr-Long Record Of Surface Faulting Along The Source Of The 30 October 2016 Earthquake (Central Apennines, Italy), From Integrated Paleoseismic Datasets” submitted to Journal of Geophysical Research – Solid Earth by
Cinti F.R.*, De Martini P.M.*, Pantosti D.*, Baize S.°, Smedile A.*, Villani F.*, Civico R.*, Pucci S.*, Lombardi A.M.*, Sapia V.*, Pizzimenti L.*, Caciagli M.*, Brunori C.A.*
* Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Italy
° Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire, Franc
Data contained in "22-Kyr-Long Record Of Surface Faulting Along The Source Of The 30 October 2016 Earthquake (Central Apennines, Italy), From Integrated Paleoseismic Datasets" - Journal of Geophysical Research - Solid Earth - DOI: 10.1029/2019JB017757
No full textData contained in “22-Kyr-Long Record Of Surface Faulting Along The Source Of The 30 October 2016 Earthquake (Central Apennines, Italy), From Integrated Paleoseismic Datasets” - Journal of Geophysical Research - Solid Earth - DOI: 10.1029/2019JB017757 by Cinti F.R.*, De Martini P.M.*, Pantosti D.*, Baize S.°, Smedile A.*, Villani F.*, Civico R.*, Pucci S.*, Lombardi A.M.*, Sapia V.*, Pizzimenti L.*, Caciagli M.*, Brunori C.A.*
* Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Italy
° Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire, Franc
Earthquake Geology and Seismic Hazards: From Earthquake Mapping of Historical and Prehistoric Earthquakes to Paleoseismology
No full textInternational audienceThis special volume follows a series of special publications (8th in a row) in journals of the citation index that originated from the INQUA focus group on Active Tectonics, Paleoseismology, Earthquake Geology and Seismic hazards and the corresponding INQUA – PATA days (Paleoseismology, Active Tectonics, Archaeoseismology) workshops all around the world (Reicherter et al., 2009, Silva et al., 2011, Grützner et al., 2013, Vött et al., 2013, Papanikolaou et al., 2015, Blumetti et al., 2017, McCalpin and Reicherter, 2019). This volume hosts a selection of manuscripts following a meticulous peer-review process from the 2018 PATA days in Posidi in Northern Greece and the INQUA Congress in Dublin in 2019. The main scope of the focus group, which has more than 600 members from 57 countries, is to increase the understanding of past earthquakes and future seismic risks by investigating the Quaternary geology of seismically active areas
Conditional probability of surface rupture: A numerical approach for principal faulting
No full textInternational audienceThis study presents a numerical approach for probabilistic fault displacement hazard analysis (PFDHA), aimed at addressing an alternative solution with commonly used empirical methodologies. Our model utilizes probability distributions to compute the conditional probability of surface rupture (CPSR). Leveraging earthquake catalogs, we derived the hypocentral depth distribution (HDD) across eight globally distributed seismotectonic regions categorized by faulting kinematics (normal, reverse, strike-slip). We calculated the hypocentral depth ratio (HDR) distribution, to model rupture position from the hypocenter. Employing magnitude scaling relations we determined rupture widths (W) spanning magnitudes 5–8. User-input parameters, including fault style, average dip angle, and seismogenic depth, with associated uncertainties, derive the CPSR estimation of surface rupture occurrences. Our findings highlight seismogenic depth as the most influential parameter and reveal correspondences between empirical curves derived for specific regions, emphasizing the importance of site-specific rupture probability assessments over global datasets and underscores the significance of considering seismotectonic context when evaluating fault displacement hazard. The numerical code for CPSR calculation has been developed and is openly accessible on GitHub
La coopération scientifique se poursuit après le séisme du Teil en 2019
No full textInternational audienceDès les premières heures après le séisme du Teil (magnitude 4.9 Mw), le 11 novembre 2019, la communauté scientifique française réunie au sein de Résif a collaboré pour assurer le déploiement d'instruments mobiles, l'analyse des données, la mise en commun des compétences. Plus de deux ans après et malgré les restrictrions sanitaires, cette coopération scientifique se poursuit. Il s'agit de déterminer les implcications pour l'évaluation des risques (identification des failles actives, investigations paléosismologiques pour localiser les menaces potentielles de ruptures de surface) et pour la compréhension des causes de la sismicité intraplaque
Using Cosmogenic 3 He Dating of Fluvial Terraces for Estimating the Present Uplift of the Massif Central within the Northeastern Termination of the Cévennes Fault System
No full textDans le cadre de l’intégration aux dispositions européens EPOS, Résif s'est transformé en octobre 2023 en Epos-France, une nouvelle infrastructure de recherche aux contours thématiques plus larges et en accord avec ceux de sa grande sœur européenne.International audienceIn 2019, the rupture of the La Rouvière fault leads to the Mw 4.9 earthquake of Le Teil and awakens great interest among the scientific community. Located on the North-East termination of the Cévenol fault system (CFS), an intraplate domain with extremely low deformation rates, La Rouvière fault, just as most of the neighboring fault segments, was not considered as potentially active. This event logically called into question our knowledge of regional dynamics and the seismogenic potential of the CFS faults. In this work, we aim to estimate the incision rates, in the normal to the CFS Escoutay valley, using cosmogenic 3He dating. This dating method unravels exposure ages of surfaces and is applied on basaltic pebbles because of their mineralogy (Ol., Px.). Dating those terraces on both sides of the CFS allows constraining incision rates in the valley and potentially the changes in uplift rates on a regional scale. The long-term objective of this study is to understand the recent history of these faults and what processes are triggering such reactivation
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