1,720,982 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Abstract B10: Inhibiting eIF4F-mediated adaptive translatome reprogramming is a salvage strategy for targted melanoma therapy
No full textAbstract
BRAFV600E mutation is observed in ~50% of melanomas. Once melanomas have progressed with acquired resistance to BRAF-targeted therapy, mutational heterogeneity presents a major challenge. While enormous effort has gone into understanding the molecular events in mutational acquired resistance, not much attention has been attributed to what happens during therapy phase when patients still respond to BRAF-targeted treatment. It has been hypothesized that initally drug-tolerant cells without bona fide mutational resistance may survive by cellular adaptations and undergo evolution over time towards acquired genetic mutational resistance. We defined the nature of eIF4F-mediated translatome reprogramming and its role during the early phase of targeted melanoma therapy before acquired mutational resistance developed. To explore the possibility that melanoma cells can develop resistance via drug-tolerant evolution (versus pre-existing mutation), we cultured over 1000 small pools (5000 cells each) of parental A375 cells (BRAFV600E) in the presence of vemurafenib and cobimetinib and monitored the emergence of resistant clones. 99.7% of the wells contained a small number of surviving, drug-tolerant cells after 3 weeks of drug exposure. Strikingly, to further demonstrate adaptive drug-tolerant cells exist as a mechanism of resistance evolution, we established A375 subclones derived from single cells to eliminate possible pre-existing mutational resistant cells. Indeed, in five independent single-cell subclones, no early resistant colonies emerged after 3 weeks of drug treatment. These drug-tolerant cells are transiently resistant to re-exposure of anti-BRAF or anti-MEK treatment, and the cells drifted back to the similar sensitivity compared to parental cells after ~9 days of drug-free culture. These drug-tolerant cells are instead more sensitive to eIF4F inhibition compared to parental cells, indicating that eIF4F plays a central role in reprogramming adaptive translatome of drug-tolerant cells. To study the eIF4F activity at single cell level, we developed a single cell image analysis pipeline by using proximity ligation assay and automatic image analysis. By cell image machine learning, we identified five types of eIF4F localization in a large population of melanoma cells. With the classification model, we classified each single drug-tolerant cell into one of the five localization type. Rather than modifying global translation rate in drug-tolerant cells, we revealed that cell-to-cell heterogeneity of the subcellular localization of eIF4F complex discriminates the parental and drug-tolerant cells. This indicates that differential localized eIF4F might initiate the translation of different subsets of genes in drug-tolerant cells. Particularly, the localization pattern of eIF4F is also dynamic. Consistent with the sensitivity of the drug-tolerant cells, the localization pattern of eIF4F drifted back to the similar distribution of parental cells after ~9 days of drug-free culture. Thus, we delineated a novel level of adaptive regulation of gene expression at translational level during the course of targeted melanoma therapy, which might provide a general mechanism of network rewiring during tumor evolution. This translational controlled network reprogramming is likely to be missed if one looks merely at the genetic alone, we thus stress the need to break the current “glass ceiling” of relying solely on genomic dataset analysis to advance cancer therapies.
Note: This abstract was not presented at the conference.
Citation Format: Shensi Shen, Caroline Robert, Stephan Vagner. Inhibiting eIF4F-mediated adaptive translatome reprogramming is a salvage strategy for targted melanoma therapy. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Translational Control of Cancer: A New Frontier in Cancer Biology and Therapy; 2016 Oct 27-30; San Francisco, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(6 Suppl):Abstract nr B10.</jats:p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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