1,721,379 research outputs found
Sustainable Design for Passive Safety of Sports Equipment
No full textThis thesis project concerned passive safety and sustainable assessment of protective polymer-based foam devices, actually installed in Sports Area, and it aimed to investigate regulations, severity of injuries, material absorption properties and testing procedures, in order to propose a new approach. Thus, a focus on international Sports injury statistics it has been done and mostly frequent accident mechanisms, falls and head collisions, highlighted. It has been also possible, through a study on Biomechanical issues, to comprehend evaluation methods of concussion thresholds and brain trauma degree. From product design process point of view, Ecodesign principles were studied in order to minimize consumptions and emissions in a product life-cycle vision and Robust Design methods were applied in order to maximize product performances through a proper evaluation of design parameters. Sports area standards, provided by international organizations, were compared in order to extract testing procedures and related technical requirements. Therefore, a flexible impact testing apparatus was designed and built in Sports Equipment and Technology department of Chemnitz University of Technology: by replacing the falling striker, in fact, it has been possible to comply with the American ASTM F1292, the European EN 1177 and EN 913 specifications, and then realize the so-called, in scientific literature, “Low-velocity” impact experiments. Afterwards, three experimental program phases were followed and a huge number of Polyethylene foam architectures were tested according to the previous American and European testing protocols. Due to lacks in EN 913 and EN 1177 specifications, a new testing method was proposed by considering friction influences in guidance system of the apparatus; by adopting an ergonomic missile; by a joint monitoring on the characteristic parameters during impact tests, that are acceleration peak, Head Injury Criterion (HIC) and critical fall height. Main goals achieved during this research could allow sports area technicians and responsible in making proper evaluation concerns the selection of several protective devices, and could improve the safety level of sports participants during their practice
Modelling Head Impact Safety Performance of Polymer-based Foam Protective Devices
No full textThe aim of this paper is to investigate an iterative statistical procedure, based on a small and censored sample of impact test experiments, useful for interval estimation of head impact safety parameter as critical fall height of protective devices. An adaptive testing routine was developed that was mainly constituted by a series of at least four impact test experiments, followed by the comparison of at least two parameter estimates based on incremental exponential regression fittings and a final confirmation experiment. A total number of 23 protective devices, mainly made of polyethylene foam, were investigated in order to validate the adaptive routine. The routine, applied to critical fall height of protective devices, was 19 times convergent within a maximum of 6 impact test experiments. 4 times the sample was censored because the iterative procedure has exceeded the available number of specimens. Confidence intervals at the 90 % level were always less than 0.18 m. The applicability of the adaptive routine was satisfactory demonstrated with reference to devices made of PE-foam and safety threshold of peak acceleration a-max equal to 200 g. The target of a confidence interval below the state-of-art was achieved
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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