1,720,972 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Media Coverage of Pedophilia and its Impact on Help-seeking Affected
Full text linkEinleitung: Im Kontrast zur weitverbreiteten Annahme begeht nicht jeder Mensch mit Pädophilie (i. S. einer pädophilen Störung) sexuellen Kindesmissbrauch. Dennoch suggerieren Medienberichte häufig, dass Pädophilie und sexueller Kindesmissbrauch gleichzusetzen sind. Als Konsequenz vermuten Expert:innen die Förderung der gesellschaftlichen Stigmatisierung, welche wiederum eine Erhöhung der Therapiebarriere für hilfesuchende Betroffene (i. S. v. Menschen mit pädophiler Störung) bedeuten kann. Stigma-Studien, die in ihren Stichproben periphere Medieneinflüsse erfasst haben, bestätigen diese Einschätzung. Gegenwärtig fehlt eine umfassende Untersuchung, die sowohl die negativen als auch positiven Medienwirkungen auf hilfesuchende Betroffene erfasst. Aus diesem Grund zielt die vorliegende Dissertation auf die umfangreiche Identifikation von Medienwirkungen auf hilfesuchende Betroffene ab. Darüber hinaus sollen Erkenntnisse generiert werden, wie Medienberichte zu diesem Themenkomplex verbessert werden können, um beispielsweise bestehende Therapiebarrieren zu senken.
Methode: Zur Erlangung der Forschungsziele wurden qualitative Expert:inneninterviews mit Therapeut:innen aus dem Indikationsgebiet (n = 11; Studie 1) und Fokusgruppengespräche mit hilfesuchenden Betroffenen (n = 20; Studie 2) durchgeführt. Die Umsetzung beider Studien fand am Berliner Standort des Präventionsnetzwerks „Kein Täter werden“ statt.
Ergebnisse: Die Synthese beider Studienergebnisse zeigt, dass Medienberichte über Pädophilie sowohl von hilfesuchenden Betroffenen als auch von Therapeut:innen primär als undifferenziert wahrgenommen werden, auch wenn eine Verbesserung der Qualität über die Jahre berichtet wird. Darüber hinaus konnten negative Einflüsse durch undifferenzierte Medienberichte auf hilfesuchende Betroffene identifiziert werden, die sich auf kognitiver, emotionaler und behavioraler Ebene widerspiegeln (z. B. verringertes Selbstwertgefühl, vereinzelt erhöhte Therapiebarrieren). Im Kontrast dazu unterstützten differenzierte Medienberichte hilfesuchende Betroffene indirekt dabei, Therapieangebote in Anspruch zu nehmen (z. B. durch Artikel über Teilnehmende des Präventionsnetzwerks). Um diese positiven Medienwirkungen auszubauen, wurde in beiden Studien zentral die klare mediale Trennung zwischen Pädophilie, pädophiler Störung und sexuellem Kindesmissbrauch als Verbesserungspotenzial angeführt sowie das Berichten von positiven Rollenbildern (nur Studie 2).
Schlussfolgerung: Die Ergebnisse der Dissertation zeigen, dass differenzierte Medienberichte über Pädophilie einen positiven Einfluss auf das Leben hilfesuchender Betroffener haben und so indirekt sexuellem Kindesmissbrauch entgegenwirken können. Basierend auf den Resultaten und gegenwärtigen Forschungserkenntnissen anderer Studien wurde als praktische Implikation ein erster journalistischer Leitfaden zum Thema Pädophilie erstellt, um eine Verbesserung der Medienberichterstattung zu fördern.Introduction: Contrary to common assumption, not every person with pedophilia (in terms of a pedophilic disorder) commits child sexual abuse. However, media coverage often suggests that pedophilia and child sexual abuse are equivalent. As a consequence, experts suspect a facilitation of public stigmatization, which in turn may imply an increase in the treatment barrier for help-seeking person with a pedophilic disorder. Stigma studies that have peripherally surveyed media influences in their samples confirm this assessment. At present, a comprehensive study that captures both negative and positive media effects on help-seeking individuals with pedophilic disorder is lacking. For this reason, this dissertation aims to broadly examine media effects on help-seeking affected persons. Beyond that, it aims to generate insights into how media coverage of this topic can be improved, for example, to reduce existing treatment barriers.
Method: Qualitative expert interviews with therapists of the indication field (n = 11; study 1) and focus group discussions with help-seeking individuals diagnosed with a pedophilic disorder (n = 20; study 2) were conducted to achieve the aims of the dissertation. The realization of both studies took place at the Berlin site of the prevention network “Kein Täter werden” [meaning: Don´t offend].
Results: The synthesis of studies results reveals that media coverage of pedophilia is primarily perceived as undifferentiated by therapists as well as individuals with pedophilic disorder, even though a quality improvement over the years has been mentioned. Furthermore, negative influences of undifferentiated media coverage on help-seeking persons with pedophilic disorder were identified, reflecting cognitive, emotional, and behavioral changes (e.g., reduced self-esteem, occasionally increased treatment barriers). In contrast, differentiated media coverage indirectly supports help-seeking persons in making use of therapy offers (e.g., through articles about patients). In order to expand these positive effects of media coverage, both studies emphasized the clear distinction between pedophilia, pedophilic disorder, and child sexual abuse in media coverage as a potential for improvement, as well as the reporting of positive role models (study 2 only).
Conclusion: The results of the dissertation demonstrate that differentiated media coverage of pedophilia can positively impact the lives of help-seeking persons with pedophilic disorder and thus indirectly counteract child sexual abuse. Based on the results and current research evidence from other studies, a pilot journalistic guide on pedophilia was created as a practical implication to support improved media coverage
Victim’s Individual Risk Factors and Vulnerabilities to Sexual Online Grooming
No full textGrooming involves a set of actions, ranging from flattery to intimidation, by an individual in order to gain access to another individual. Research has identified a number of riskfactors that make an individual more vulnerable to this process. These include: age, gender, disability, socioeconomic status, personality and personal traits, risky and sexual behaviour, offline vulnerability, time spent online. These risk factors are explored in detail in the chapter below with particular emphasis on sexual online grooming
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Sexual Online Grooming of Children
No full textPreparing potential victims for their later sexual abuse has always been an integral part of child sexual victimization. Sexual grooming is thus a common epiphenomenon of child sexual abuse that has already been described for child sexual abusers in the pre-internet era. With the advent of the Internet, online sexual grooming (SOG) of children has sparked new interest in this topic. This book provides a comprehensive description of the phenomenon of online sexual grooming (SOG) of children. In addition to a description of the content of SOG, characteristics of victims and perpetrators as well as possibilities for prevention and prosecution and implications for science and practice are presented
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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