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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Study of heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) on cancer development
No full textCancer is a class of diseases in which a group of cells display uncontrolled growth intrusion an and destruction of adjacent tissues (invasion), and sometimes spread to other locations in the body via lymph or blood creating metastases. Heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) is a chaperone protein that is essential for the cell to stabilize the form and the function of a variety of substrates. Moreover, HSP90 interacts with a great number of molecules that are involved in the development and low survival of cancer cells. In order to understand the molecular events regulating neuronal migration and development, we have previously characterized a monoclonal antibody (mAb), named 4C5. This antibody recognizes both HSP90 isoforms. The primary aim of the present study was to evaluate the potential prognostic value of mAb4C5 in malignant melanoma. Interestingly, mAb4C5 reacted positively in all the primary and metastatic melanomas examined, while the cell surface localization of HSP90 was shown immunohistochemically on live B16 F10 melanoma cells using mAb4C5. To assess the participation of cell surface and not intracellular HSP90 in the invasion process of B16 F10 melanoma cells, internalization of mAb4C5 and anti-alpha HSP90 and anti-beta HSP90 antibodies in the culture medium strongly inhibited melanoma cell invasion in vitro. The above described experiments showed that mAB4C5 had the ability to inhibit melanoma cell invasion in vitro, and since it could not be internalized, the inhibition of the invasion could be attributed to the surface pool of HSP90 molecules. In line with these experiments it was shown that mAb4C5 could inhibit melanoma metastasis in vivo using B16 F10 cells and C57/BL mice. As a next step the molecular mechanisms of the surface HSP90 were investigated. This study revealed that both isoforms of HSP90 were secreted from human breast cancer cells (MOAMB453) and that both isoforms interact with MMPs (Matrix metaloproteinases 2 and 9). Furthermore, mAb4C5 could inhibit: a) the activation of these molecules in vitro and b) the metastatic despositions of MOAMB453 cells in vivo mouse models, suggesting that mAb4C5 could be a potential anticancer agent.Ο καρκίνος είναι μια κατηγορία ασθενειών ή διαταραχών που χαρακτηρίζονται από τον ανεξέλεγκτο πολλαπλασιασμό κυττάρων και την δυνατότητα αυτών να διηθούν υποκείμενους ιστούς και να εισβάλουν σε άλλους πιο απομακρυσμένους ιστούς δημιουργόντας μεταστάσεις. Η HSP90, αν και πρωτεΐνη θερμικού σοκ εκφράζεται σε αφθονία στα ευκαρυωτικά κύτταρα υπό φυσιολογικές συνθήκες (απουσία στρες), όπου εκτελεί βασικές λειτουργίες επιπλέον η HSP90 αλληλεπιδρά με έναν μεγάλο αριθμό βιομορίων τα οποία εμπλέκονται στην ανάπτυξη ή/και επιβίωση των καρκινικών κυττάρων. Με σκοπό την κατανόηση των μοριακών μηχανισμών που ρυθμίζουν τη μετανάστευση των νευρικών κυττάρων στο παρελθόν πραγματοποιήθηκε από την ομάδα μας η παραγωγή και ο χαρακτηρισμός ενός μονοκλωνικού αντισώματος του mAb4C5. Το mAb4C5 αναγνωρίζει και τις δύο ισομορφές της HSP90. Πρωταρχικός στόχος της παρούσης εργασίας ήταν η διερεύνηση του ρόλου της HSP90 σε διάφορα καρκινικά φαινόμενα ή και η μελέτη της ενδεχόμενης διαγνωστικής και θεραπευτικής αξίας του αντισώματος mAb4C5 σε μεταστατικούς καρκίνους. Από τα πειράματα μας αρχικά φάνηκε ότι το mAb4C5 έχει την ιδιότητα να δίνει ισχυρή ανοσοϊστοχημική χρώση με όλα τα πρωτογενή και μεταστατικά μελανώματα και αποδείχθηκε η ύπαρξη της HSP90 στην επιφάνεια πληθώρας καρκινικών σειρών τόσο προερχόμενων από καρκινώματα ποντικιών όσο και από ανθρώπινα καρκινώματα. Στη συνέχεια φάνηκε ότι η παρουσία του mAb4C5 στο υλικό καλλιέργειας B16F10 κυττάρων μείωσε σημαντικά τη διηθητική ικανότητα των κυττάρων αυτών λόγω πρόσθεσης του μονοκλωνικού αντισώματος στην επιφανειακή HSP90. Επόμενος στόχος της παρούσας διατριβής ήταν η διερεύνηση των μοριακών μηχανισμών που χαρακτηρίζουν τη συμμετοχή της επιφανειακής HSP90 σε μεταστατικές διαδικασίες. Από τα αποτελέσματα πιστοποιήθηκε τόσο η έκκριση της HSP90a, όσο και της HSP90β από κύτταρα ανθρώπινο καρκίνο μαστού, MDAMB453. Επίσης με πειράματα ανοσοκατακρήμνισης δείχτηκε ότι και οι δύο ισομορφές της HSP90 αλληλεπιδρούν τόσο με την ενεργή όσο και με τις ανενεργές μορφές των MMP2 και MMP9, ενώ διαπιστώθηκε ότι το mAb4C5 αναστέλλει σε μεγάλο βαθμό την ενεργοποίηση αυτών των MMPs και την αλληλεπίδρασή τους με την εκκρινόμενη HSP90. Τέλος, in vivo πειράματα φανέρωσαν ότι το mAb4C5 αναστέλλει με δοσοεξαρτώμενο τρόπο την μεταστατική απόθεση των καρκινικών κυττάρων και αυξάνει, επίσης με δοσοεξαρτώμενο τρόπο την επιβίωση των πειραματόζωων, καθιστώντας το mAb4C5 ως νέο αντιμεταστατικό παράγοντα για μεγάλη ποικιλία καρκίνων
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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