1,720,959 research outputs found
Valorization of coal fly ash by mechano-chemical activation. Part II. Enhancing pozzolanic reactivity
No full textThe pozzolanic and adsorptive characteristics of coal fly ash have been enhanced by mechano-chemical activation in order to evaluate their potential utilization in the stabilization/solidification treatment of hazardous wastes. To that aim a soil artificially contaminated by large amounts of Phenol and Pb underwent that treatment, wherein increasing amounts of powder activated carbon and Portland cement were substituted by mechano-chemically activated fly ash. Under the experimental conditions investigated, very encouraging results, in terms of contaminants leaching and mechanical properties of the stabilized/solidified matrix, were obtained when up to 100% of the powder activated carbon and up to 50% of the Portland cement were substituted by mechano-chemically activated fly ash, thus opening improved possibilities for using this latter in environmental application
Health risk assessment of air emissions from a municipal solid waste incineration plant – a case study
No full textA health risk assessment of long-term emissions of carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic air pollutants has been carried out for the municipal solid waste incinerator (MSWI) of the city of Taranto, Italy. Ground level air concentrations and soil deposition of carcinogenic (Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-Dioxins/Furans and Cd) and non-carcinogenic (Pb and Hg) pollutants have been estimated using a well documented atmospheric dispersion model. Health risk values for air inhalation, dermal contact, soil and food ingestion have been calculated based on a combination of these concentrations and a matrix of environmental exposure factors. Exposure of the surrounding population has been addressed for different release scenarios based on four pollutants, four exposure pathways and two receptor groups (children and adults). Spatial risk distribution and cancer excess cases projected from plant emissions have been compared with background mortality records. Estimated results based on the MSWI emissions show: (1) individual risks well below maximum acceptable levels, (2) very small incremental cancer risk compared with background level
Valorisation of fly ash by mechano-chemical activation. Part I. Enhancing adsorption capacity
No full textThe adsorption characteristics of coal fly ash have been enhanced by mechano-chemical activation with a high energy mono-planetary ball mill. The best performing sample for the adsorption of phenol from aqueous solution (i.e., fly ash with the higher carbon content and mechano-chemically activated for 4 h in N2 atmosphere) was compared with powdered activated carbon, yielding quite encouraging results such as favorable adsorption isotherms, improved specific adsorption capacity and very fast adsorption rate. This provides new opportunities for utilizing fly ash in environmental protection applications like the stabilization/solidification treatment of hazardous waste and contaminated soil
Hygienic sustainability of site-location of wastewater treatment plants. II. Estimating airborne biological hazard
No full textA quantitative microbial risk assessment (QMRA) of Taranto (Apulia Region, S. Italy) wastewater treatment plant has been carried out in order to assess the potential health effects on the population living in the neighbourhood. Cryptosporidium (protozoan), Campylobacter (bacterium) and Rotavirus (virus) were considered using GIADA, a hybrid plume dispersed model proposed by the Italian Environmental Protection Agency, for estimating air concentration of pathogens. Based on this study, local setback distance from the plant (300 m) appears generally adequate to minimize health risks for nearby resident
Hygienic sustainability of site-location of wastewater treatment plants. I. Estimating odour emission impact
No full textBy reference to the wastewater treatment plant of Taranto (Apulia Region, S. Italy), a typical Mediterranean city, an odour impact assessment has been carried out in order to evaluate the annoyance for the population living in the neighbourhood. In adverse weather conditions ("worst scenario"), the study indicated a limited off-site odour impact at the 300 m setback distance dictated by local regulation
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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