196,355 research outputs found
Glomerular structure in nonproteinuric IDDM patients with various levels of albuminuria
No full textAlthough microalbuminuria is known to foretell the later development of overt proteinuria in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), different investigators have reported different levels of albuminuria as being predictive. However, whether different levels of albuminuria reflect differences in glomerular structure is not well known. In this study, we divided a cohort of 66 nonproteinuric long-standing (duration 20 ± 7 years) IDDM patients, who had both renal functional and structural studies performed, into four groups according to their urinary albumin excretion rate (AER). The several different levels of microalbuminuria previously reported to be predictive served to demarcate these groups: group I, AER ≤22 mg/24 h (upper limit for normal in our laboratory) (33 patients); group II, AER 23- 45 mg/24 h (11 patients); group III, AER 46-100 mg/24 h (13 patients); and group IV, AER 101-220 mg/24 h (9 patients). Creatinine clearance was similarity in groups I, II, and III but was lower in group IV. Systemic hypertension was present in five patients in group I, one in group II, seven in group III, and five in group IV. Mean values for glomerular basement membrane (GBM) width and volume fraction of the mesangium [Vv(mes/glom)] were greater in all groups than in a group of 52 age-matched normal kidney donors (P 45 but 100) does not discriminate groups with different glomerular lesions. Therefore, albuminuria >45 mg/24 h indicates more advanced diabetic glomerulopathy and is frequently associated with other functional abnormalities such as reduced glomerular filtration rats and increasing blood pressure. These results are consistent with the majority of studies that have found the higher ranges of microalbuminuria to predict progression to overt nephropathy with greater specificity
Sequential renal biopsies in insulin-dependent diabetic patients: structural factors associated with clinical progression.
No full textSequential renal biopsies in insulin-dependent diabetic patients: Structural factors associated with clinical progression. Quantitative structural studies in native kidneys of IDDM patients have almost all been cross sectional, and little is known regarding the dynamics of progression of structural lesions in relation to clinical progression. It has been suggested that interstitial may be more important than glomerular changes in determining functional outcome. This study evaluated renal structure in sequential biopsies from IDDM patients with established renal lesions to determine whether glomerular, arteriolar and interstitial changes progress together and in concordance with measures of renal function. Eleven long-term IDDM patients [age 29 ± 10 years, duration 17 ± 7 years (mean ± SD)] had renal function studies and kidney biopsies performed at two occasions 5.6 ± 1.6 years apart. HbA1 as well as creatinine clearance (CCr) did not change over this time; albumin excretion rate (AER) increased from 12 (6 to 280) to 19 (5 to 2462) [median (range)] mg/24hr (P < 0.03). AER increased in the three patients with abnormal albuminuria at first observation, and two normoalbuminuric patients became microalbuminuric. Blood pressure (BP) did not change; however, the number of patients on antihypertensive therapy increased from 1 to 5. All structural parameters were abnormal at first evaluation. Mesangial fractional volume [Vv(mes/glom)] and mean glomerular volume increased and the surface density of the peripheral glomerular basement membrane (GBM) decreased, while GBM width did not change over the five years of the study. Also, arteriolar hyalinosis lesions progressed, while the fractional volume of cortical interstitium [Vv(interstitium/cortex)] and the percent of globally sclerosed glomeruli did not change. The only structural change that correlated with the increasing AER was the change in Vv(mes/glom). Changes in structural parameters, AER or CCr did not significantly correlate with baseline BP or change in BP over the five years. Although based on a small number of patients, this study suggests that at the stage of disease where renal lesions are established and where some IDDM patients are in transition to microalbuminuria or early clinical nephropathy, continuing mesangial expansion is the central variable. Interstitial changes were not occurring over this time. Progressive interstitial expansion at the later stages of diabetic nephropathy may thus be consequent to advanced diabetic glomerular injury
Renal structure and function in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and type I membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis in humans.
No full textUranyl nitrate-induced glomerular-basement-membrane alterations in rabbits: a quantitative-analysis
No full textPT: J; CR: AVASTHI PS, 1980, J CLIN INVEST, V65, P121 BLANTZ RC, 1985, KIDNEY INT, V28, P733 FOULKES EC, 1971, TOXICOL APPL PHARM, V20, P380 HAYASHIDA M, 1986, EXP GERONTOL, V21, P535 KANWAR YS, 1979, J CELL BIOL, V81, P137 KOBAYASHI S, 1984, KIDNEY INT, V26, P808 LATOUCHE YD, 1987, HEALTH PHYS, V53, P147 OSTERBY R, 1971, LAB INVEST, V25, P15 OSTRBY R, 1975, ACTA MED SCAND S, V574, P1 SEILER MW, 1975, SCIENCE, V189, P390 SINGH A, 1981, PATHOLOGY, V13, P487 SINGH A, 1985, ANN M AM ASS ADV SCI STEFFES MW, 1983, LAB INVEST, V49, P82 STEIN JH, 1975, KIDNEY INT, V8, P27 WEHNER H, 1973, DIABETOLOGIA, V9, P255; NR: 15; TC: 4; J9: BULL ENVIRON CONTAM TOXICOL; PG: 7; GA: HC562Source type: Electronic(1
Is diabetic nephropathy inherited? Studies of glomerular structure in type 1 diabetic sibling pairs.
No full textDr. Duane M. Jackson, Morehouse College, July 2011
No full textThis video is a conversation with Dr. Duane M. Jackson. Dr. Jackson talks about his paper, "Recall and the Serial Position Effect: The Role of Primacy and Recency on Accounting Students' Performance." Jackie Daniel, AUC Woodruff Library, is the interviewer
"Reflections on the subject of Emigration from Europe with a view to Settlement in the United States" By M. Carey.
No full text"Reflections on the subject of Emigration from Europe with a view to Settlement in the United States: containing bried sketches of the moral and political character of those states.
By M. Carey, member of the American philosophical, and of the American Antiquarian Society, and author of The Olive Branch, Cindiciae Hibernicae, essays on banking, on political economy, and on internal improvement.
To which are now added the English editor's comments on the subject; together with Important Advice to Emigrants, and Cautions Against Impositions Practiced in the Outports
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Cyclosporine associated lesions in native kidneys of diabetic pancreas transplant recipients.
No full textCyclosporine associated lesions in native kidneys of diabetic pancreas transplant recipients. Five years of normoglycemia following pancreas transplantation (PT) does not ameliorate glomerular lesions in patients with their own kidneys and with long-term insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) (Lancet 342:1193,1993). All these patients received cyclosporine (CsA) as part of their immunosuppression. Here we examined the relationship of CsA dose and blood levels to the presence and severity of CsA-associated renal lesions and changes in renal function in these PT patients. Renal biopsies were taken before (0) and two and five years after PT from 13 non-uremic IDDM patients and were compared with baseline and five year biopsies from 10 IDDM controls (C). CsA dose was reduced from 10 ± 3 mg/kg/day in the first month to 5 ± 2 in the fifth year post-PT. Creatinine clearance (CCr) decreased by 34% at one year post-PT and was stable thereafter, and did not change in C. The decline in CCr from 0 to one year Was related to CsA blood levels and dose (P < 0.005) at one year. Cortical interstitial volume fraction [Vv(Int/Cortex)], the index of tubular atrophy, and % sclerotic glomeruli increased significantly from 0 to five years post-PT (P < 0.005, 0.01 and 0.001, respectively), but did not change in C. There was no significant change from 0 to two years post-PT in these lesions, while there was a clear progression from two to five years. Mean CsA dose and blood levels in the first year post-PT correlated with the increase (Δ) in Vv(Int/Cortex) at five years (P < 0.05 for both). The best predictor of Δ Vv(Int/Cortex) was the change in CCr over the first year post-PT (P < 0.003). In conclusion, in five years serious tubulointerstitial and glomerulosclerotic lesions developed in PT recipients on CsA therapy, but not in IDDM C. These lesions were best predicted by the decline in CCr and CsA blood levels and dose during the first year post-PT. Despite early CsA dose reductions, and stabilization of CCr, structural lesions progressed from two to five years post-PT
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