1,721,005 research outputs found
Abstract 1401: Deterring breast cancer progression. The critical role of a lipid-sphingolipid epigenetic mechanism of cell fate
No full textAbstract
Genetic and environmental factors cooperate to assure precise genome-wide epigenetic regulation of the mammary epithelia cell transcriptome. Our interest in regulatory epigenetic mechanisms that, by determining mammary epithelial cell decisions, are pivotal to deter the onset and progression of breast cancer, let us identify a regulatory epigenetic mechanism of mammary morphogenesis that links a physiological regulatory lipid of environmental origin (all-trans retinoic acid, RA) with sphingolipids capable of determining either cell death (ceramide, CER) or cell life (sphingosine 1 phosphate, S1P).
Whenever RA, for different reasons, fails to perform the epigenetic transcriptional control of neutral sphingomyelinase 2 (nSMase2/SMDP3), involved in the synthesis of pro-apoptotic CER, S1P fosters both pro-proliferative and pro-invasive activity. Apparently, in the absence of epigenetic control of CER production by RA, S1P contributes to determine RA tumorigenic action. This study provides the rationale for combination therapeutic approaches with epigenetic drugs and inhibitors of either sphingosine kinase, the enzyme involved in S1P synthesis, or S1P receptors.
This study was supported by the NCI R01 CA127614 grant (NS).
Citation Format: Stefano Rossetti, Vincenzo Gagliostro, Nicoletta Sacchi. Deterring breast cancer progression. The critical role of a lipid-sphingolipid epigenetic mechanism of cell fate [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2017; 2017 Apr 1-5; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 1401. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2017-1401</jats:p
Interpenetrated polymer network formed by UV curable modified epoxyacrylates using dual curing polymerization
No full textThe materials and methods used for the preparation of interpenetrated
polymer network (IPN) by UV curing processes are reported. In particular,
recent developments on the formation and characterization of some sequential
IPN based on mixtures of commercially available diglycidyl ether of bisphenol-A
(DGEBA) epoxy resins and UV curable epoxy-dimethacrylate resins are
discussed. Finally, the photopolymerization kinetic behavior and thermal
properties of some UV curable mixtures based on the modified epoxydimethacrylate
resins for the preparation and characterization of a grafted
sequential IPN are described
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Abstract 4479: Cancer cell ribogenesis: MYC and the integrity of the RNA polymerase I-rRNA machinery
No full textAbstract
Upregulation of RNA Polymerase (Pol I)-mediated transcription of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and increased ribogenesis, which are necessary to sustain the increased metabolic demand of highly proliferating cancer cells, are hallmarks of cancer. Increased rRNA transcription can be due deregulation of tumor suppressors and oncogenes that affect Pol I activity. Overexpression of the MYC oncogene, a potent Pol I activators, is particularly frequent in cancer. In addition, based on our analysis of the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), amplification/upregulation of genes encoding for basal components of the Pol I transcriptional machinery is also frequent in cancers of various histotype (Rossetti et al., Cell Cycle, 2016). By using breast and ovarian epithelial cells, we mechanistically found that: 1) ectopic expression of either MYC or RRN3 (TIF-IA), a key Pol I basal component, by increasing rRNA synthesis, is sufficient to induce in vitro transformation phenotypes and to promote cell proliferation; 2) there is a causal link between MYC overexpression and RRN3 upregulation; 3) MYC- or RRN3-induced rRNA upregulation sensitizes cells to the anti-proliferative action of drugs inhibiting rRNA transcription. Our findings provide a rationale for using drugs targeting rRNA transcription to curb proliferation of cancers cells due to rRNA upregulation by MYC.
Funding for this study was provided by an RPCI-UPCI Ovarian Cancer Spore DRP award (NS), the NCI R01 CA127614 grant (NS), the Terri Brodeur Breast Cancer Foundation (SR), the Susan Komen Foundation (SR), and the NCI P30 CA016056 institutional grant.
Citation Format: Stefano Rossetti, Andrzej J. Wierzbicki, Nicoletta Sacchi. Cancer cell ribogenesis: MYC and the integrity of the RNA polymerase I-rRNA machinery [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2017; 2017 Apr 1-5; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 4479. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2017-4479</jats:p
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
- …
