1,720,994 research outputs found
Concerns over COVID-19 and prejudice: Pre- and during-pandemic in Italy
Full text linkWhile at first the fear of COVID-19 disease spread was limited by the fact that the pandemic appeared to be confined to China, the growing emergency in Italy and the rapid escalation in positive cases and deaths have made the threat of this disease a national as well as global phenomenon. In the present research, a questionnaire was collected both before (n = 396) and during (n = 250) the outbreak of the pandemic in Italy. The aim of the research was to analyze the possible mediation of binding moral foundations on the relationship between concerns over COVID-19 and prejudice vis-a-vis immigrants. As hypothesized, the results show that concerns over COVID-19 increased greatly after the start of the Italian pandemic. Moreover, both before and during the pandemic, the relationship between concerns over COVID-19 and prejudice toward immigrants is mediated by binding moral foundations
Avoiding crimes of obedience: A comparative study of the autobiographies of M. K. Gandhi, Nelson Mandela, and Martin Luther King, Jr.
No full textThis research aims to contribute to an understanding of how and why certain people are able to display prosocial disobedience behaviors, overcome unjust situations, and withstand persecutions deployed by authority. This article presents a hermeneutic content analysis of the autobiographical speeches and texts of Gandhi, M. L. King, and Mandela. The results show that the importance given to parents' value orientation, experiences of injustice during childhood, and exploration of alternative viewpoints during adolescence plays a crucial role in structuring prosocial disobedience. The findings also show that social responsibility and ingroup communication are important conditions for facing persecution without forsaking original goals
Prof non è giusto! Il ruolo della giustizia in classe e del benessere scolastico sulla salute psicologica degli adolescenti.
No full textTra le molte variabili che sono state collegate al benessere degli studenti, la dimensione di giustizia ha ricevuto una crescente attenzione negli ultimi quindici anni nell’ambito della psicologia dell’educazione. Nonostante la letteratura converga nel sostenere che la giustizia in classe abbia un impatto notevole su dimensioni quali l’impegno, la motivazione e il successo accademico sono invece quasi assenti gli studi che hanno indagato se e come l’esperienza di giustizia nei contesti educativi si ripercuote sulla salute psicologica generale degli adolescenti. L’obiettivo di questo studio è indagare il grado in cui la percezione che gli studenti hanno di (in)giustizia degli insegnanti influenza alcuni indicatori della salute psicologica generale degli adolescenti (funzionamento individuale e sociale, problemi psicologici e i sintomi somatici). E’ stato inoltre testato il ruolo di due componenti del benessere scolastico, vale a dire l’impegno emotivo e la il senso di connessione in classe, considerati come potenziali mediatori tra la giustizia e la salute psicologica. Hanno preso parte allo studio 540 studenti (56.5% maschi, 43.5% femmine; età media = 14.88) provenienti dalle classi prime e seconde di cinque scuole secondarie di secondo grado.
Il Modello di Equazioni Strutturali realizzato indica che la giustizia impatta positivamente e direttamente l’impegno emotivo, il senso di connessione in classe e il funzionamento individuale, mentre predice negativamente i problemi psicologici. L’effetto della giustizia sul funzionamento individuale è parzialmente mediato dall’impegno emotivo e dalla connessione in classe. L’effetto della giustizia sul funzionamento sociale e sui sintomi somatici è completamente mediato dal senso di connessione in classe, mentre è stata riscontrata una mediazione parziale tra la giustizia e i problemi psicologici attraverso la connessione in classe. Questi risultati sottolineano l’importanza di promuovere esperienze accademiche percepite come giuste, così come di favorire un senso di comunità tra gli studenti, al fine di sostenere la salute degli adolescenti dentro e fuori il contesto scolastico
All-in and Bad Beat: Professional Poker Players and Pathological Gambling
No full textPrevious research has shown that online poker players may be at a high risk of developing gambling problems and that there are various personality traits that may be associated with such risk. An online survey comprising 256 poker players (50.8 % professional players and 49.2 % recreational players) examined various aspects of their poker playing
behavior. The goals of the study were to investigate: (i) the playing motivations of recreational and professional Texas Hold’em poker players, (ii) the psychological characteristics of online poker players in relation to narcissism, impulsivity, self-esteem, and problem gambling, and
(iii) the differences between professional and recreational poker player on these psychological variables. Results showed that only 1.6 % poker players met the DSM-IV-TR diagnostic criteria for pathological gambling (n=4). Generally, poker players had low scores on narcissism
and impulsivity, and high scores on self-esteem. Implications for the study of online poker gambling are also discussed
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
- …
