1,720,956 research outputs found
From past to future: exploring tools for the study of sharks’ populations of the Mediterranean Sea
Full text linkLa conservazione degli squali deve diventare una delle priorità per diversi hotspot di biodiversità del mondo, tra cui il Mar Mediterraneo, dove è stato documentato il declino delle popolazioni per diverse specie di grandi squali predatori e devono essere adottate misure urgenti. Le principali minacce che gli squali stanno affrontando nell'area e identificate dalla IUCN sono le catture accessorie, l'inquinamento, la perdita di habitat, il degrado dell'habitat e il disturbo umano.Shark conservation must become one of the priorities for several biodiversity hotspots of the world, including the Mediterranean Sea, where the decline of the populations has been documented for several species of large predatory sharks and urgent measures need to take place. The major threats that sharks are facing in the area and identified by the IUCN are bycatch, pollution, habitat loss, habitat degradation, and human disturbance. The life-history traits of most of the shark species (late maturity and low fecundity) are also factors that aggravate the effects of these threats.
In the Mediterranean Sea live nearly fifty species of sharks. In the 2016 IUCN regional assessment of the Mediterranean Sea, 57% of the species in the area are considered as threatened and 25% are listed as data deficient, which means that there is a lack of data to assess the local status of their populations. One of the most common and widespread problem in making assessments and consequential protection measures on sharks worldwide, but especially in the Mediterranean Sea, is the lack of data. Scientific campaigns and fisheries information seems not to have enough observation effort to collect data on large sharks, and especially for those species that inhabit high seas. Sharks seem to be at present time one of the rarest and elusive species in the area and new strategies need to take place. In that view, both historical ecology and genetics, as well as Citizen Science could be important tools for supporting data collection and try to make a clearer picture of the historical and present situation in terms of conservation of several species in the area.
This work put in light how the integration and coordination of different scientific fields and expertise can efficiently contribute to researches on sharks, one of the most iconic and endangered group of animals in the world, providing important outcomes to improve conservation actions
Behavioural and hormonal parameters used to establish the welfare of the Asian Small-clawed Otter (Aonyx cinerea) under human care: a preliminary study.
No full textEffects of enrichment in the management of Small-clawed Otter (Aonyx cinerea) under human care.
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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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