256 research outputs found
PERICLES Deliverable 4.4: Modelling Contextualised Semantics [Elektronisk resurs]
No full textThe current deliverable summarises the work conducted within task T4.4 of WP4, presenting our proposed models for semantically representing digital content and its respective context – the latter refers to any information coming from the environment of the digital object (DO) that offers a better insight into the object’s status, its interrelationships with other content items and information about the object’s context of use. Within PERICLES, we refer to the content semantics enriched with the contextual perspective as “contextualised semantics”. The deliverable presents two complementary modelling approaches, based respectively on (a) ontologies and logics, and, (b) multivariate statistics.</p
PERICLES Deliverable 4.4: Modelling Contextualised Semantics
No full textThe current deliverable summarises the work conducted within task T4.4 of WP4, presenting our proposed models for semantically representing digital content and its respective context – the latter refers to any information coming from the environment of the digital object (DO) that offers a better insight into the object’s status, its interrelationships with other content items and information about the object’s context of use. Within PERICLES, we refer to the content semantics enriched with the contextual perspective as “contextualised semantics”. The deliverable presents two complementary modelling approaches, based respectively on (a) ontologies and logics, and, (b) multivariate statistics.PERICLE
The genesis and authorship of Pericles
No full textPericles, a popular play based on the old legend of Apollonius of Tyre and produced in London sometime between 1605-08, has long been the subject of scholarly conjecture. Although all contemporary sources attribute the play wholly to William Shakespeare, most scholars believe the play to be a revision by Shakespeare of a play written by another author. Basing their arguments on internal evidence of changes in literary style between Acts I-II and Acts III-V and on the fact that Pericles was excluded from both the First and Second Folios, scholars have attempted to name either George Wilkins, Thomas Heywood, or John Day as co-author of the play. The first evaluative section of this study (Chapter II) is devoted to a comparative analysis between Pericles and the known sources of the play. The resultant conclusion is that Pericles is based primarily upon Book VIII of John Gower's Confessio Amantis with additional detail from Laurence Twine's The Patterne of Painefull Adventures and the Latin Historia Apollonii Regis Tyrii. More importantly, this section reveals that the story was adapted for the stage and structured by only one author, a craftsman of considerable dramatic skill. Evidence examined in Chapter III demonstrates that the first printed quarto of 1609 (Q1), upon which all other copies are based, is corrupt, for it abounds in mislineations lost phrases, and jumbled verse. While this corruption accounts for many of the stylistic inconsistencies between Acts I-II and Acts III-V, differences in style which indicate two levels of workmanship continue to exist. ..
SemaDrift: A Protégé Plugin for Measuring Semantic Drift in Ontologies
No full textThe paper presents the SemaDrift framework of tools and methods for measuring semantic drift across ontologies versions, which integrates currently investigated methods, such as text and structural similarity, into the popular ontology authoring platform, Protégé. Released under Apache V2 License, the proposed framework developed in the context of PERICLES is available for download from http://mklab.iti.gr/project/semadrift-measure-semantic-drift-ontologie
A Framework for Measuring Semantic Drift in Ontologies
No full textBuilding upon and extending existing work, this paper presents a framework for measuring semantic drift in ontologies across time or multiple versions, using text and structural similarity methods to provide valuable insights. Its applicability and usefulness are validated through a proof-of-concept scenario in Digital Preservation, where long-term insights about change are crucial, to track drift across a decade’s worth of real-world digital media data. This paper was presented at the 1st Int. Workshop on Semantic Change & Evolving Semantics (SuCCESS'16) organised by PERICLES partners to explore emerging research in the areas of semantic change and evolving semantics
Image of Pericles in Vladislav Buzeskul’s Works and German Classical Scholarship: Some Notes
No full textThe author expresses some thoughts concerning the image of Pericles created by a distinguished Russian historian Vladislav Buzeskul (1858–1931) in his works, particularly in his Master’s thesis. Buzeskul’s views of Pericles’ personality and activities are compared with those of some prominent German scholars, such as M. Duncker, K. J. Beloch etc.В статье высказываются некоторые соображения относительно образа Перикла, представленного в сочинениях (прежде всего, в магистерской диссертации) выдающегося российского историка В. П. Бузескула (1858–1931). Точка зрения Бузескула на личность и деятельность Перикла сравнивается с взглядами ряда крупных немецких антиковедов того времени (М. Дункера, К. Ю. Белоха и др.)
Metropolitan Governance for Sustainable Mobility
No full textLand use and mobility interactions in the modern metropolis manifest themselves in two competing, age-old, forces: centripetal forces pulling us together into agglomerations and centrifugal forces pushing us ever further into the metropolitan hinterland. Thus, mobility is a fundamental part of urbanization and metropolitanization processes. Furthermore, mobility also serves as the core metric in defining metropolitan areas, helping identify functional urban areas. This chapter aims to elucidate some of the challenges to governing metropolises for sustainable mobility, defined by the author as the ability to provide non-declining accessibility in time. The chapter analyzes mobility governance and interrelating theories with concrete examples from the United States, Portugal, and Mexico, offering a glimpse of the complexity and posing central yet still unresolved questions. In whose ultimate interest
is metropolitan mobility and who should pay for it? How related are the form of governance with the quality of the governance outcome? By what outcomes can metropolitan mobility performance be compared? Can these outcomes be meaningfully compared across metropolises? The chapter concludes noting a contradiction: while the finance system is a critical factor in determining metropolitan mobility governance, formal metropolitan mobility finance systems rarely exist. The author argues that using money to move the metropolis in the right direction offers hope, largely unfilled to date, to improve, and ultimately sustain, accessibility
Metal-Catalyzed and Metal-Free Intermolecular Amination of Light Alkanes and Benzenes
No full textLight alkanes (C1-C10) and simple aromatics are derived from desirable crude energy feedstock but present challenging cases for C–H functionalization purposes. This article reviews efforts to mediate C–N bond construction from these abundant sources to generate commodity chemicals of high industrial value. The nitrogen-group donors considered are largely limited to metal-bound or diffusively free nitrenes, nitrenoids, and amides/imides engaged in catalytic or stoichiometric intermolecular reactions. Both synthetic protocols and mechanistic studies are discussed to illustrate the current status of a rapidly developing field that is still in need of significant improvements to effect reactive and selective processes
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Final Technical Report
No full textOur research has as its primary objective the development and mechanistic investigation of suitable photocatalytic surfaces, as mediators of energy-efficient heterogeneous oxidation of aliphatic hydrocarbons. Particular emphasis is placed on mixed iron(III)/titanium(IV) oxide semiconductor particulates, featuring low %Fe content, for which a novel synthetic protocol has been developed in this laboratory, relying on sol-gel hydrolysis of high purity iron and titanium isopropoxide precursors, followed by thermal treatment to develop the active anatase phase. This methodology leads to replacement of Ti(IV) ions by Fe(III) sites in the TiO{sub 2} (anatase) lattice, and is contrasted to samples prepared by physical mixing of nanometer-sized a-Fe{sub 2}O{sub 3} (gift from MACH I, Inc.) and TiO{sub 2} (Degussa P-25). Mechanistic understanding of these systems involves multifaceted approaches. Our unique ability to evaluate charge-carrier separation distances, as measured by time-resolved photocharge experiments (TRPC) on instrumentation pioneered by Dr. Levy, permits correlation of this important photophysical property to photocatalytic efficiency and reaction mechanism. A major redesign of our benchmark TRPC apparatus was recently undertaken, which provides for controlled environments during measurement, i.e., vacuum; controlled atmosphere (inert or reactive); and temperature control (-100 to +150 C). Operation of this new TRPC cell necessitated insulation from RF noise, which was achieved by employing a walk-in Faraday enclosure to house the apparatus and supporting instrumentation. Previous work has shown that charge-carrier separation distances (CCSD) for Pt dopped TiO{sub 2} pass through a maximum at very low %Pt content. A similar region of maximum CCSD has now been tentatively identified with samples of a-Fe{sub 2}O{sub 3}/TiO{sub 2} (0-0.02 %Fe) under ambient conditions. Interestingly, the decay portion of the TRPC waveform (charge recombination) exhibits significant delay, by an order of magnitude, under vacuum conditions. Under high vacuum (10{sup -7} torr), reversal of the signal sign is frequently observed, further underscoring the importance of the surface condition in controlling CCSD values. Experimentation with inert gas atmospheres is currently under way to assist in the interpretation of these observations. Surprisingly, maximum CCSD values have been shown not to correlate always with maximum photocatalytic activity in the oxidation of hydrocarbons. As the oxidation products derive from precursors that combine radical species generated via the action of both photoholes (organic peroxyl radicals) and photoelectrons (superoxide), it is postulated that the maximum in photocatalytic activity will occur at a balance point between maximum CCSD and minimum distance crossover for the resulting radicals. The generality of this premise with respect to the present iron-dopped TiO{sub 2} preparations remains to be verified
Deliverable 4.5: Context-aware Content Interpretation
No full textThe current deliverable summarises the work conducted within task T4.5 of WP4, presenting our proposed approaches for contextualised content interpretation, aimed at gaining insightful contextualised views on content semantics. This is achieved through the adoption of appropriate context-aware semantic models developed within the project, and via enriching the semantic descriptions with background knowledge, deriving thus higher level contextualised content interpretations that are closer to human perception and appraisal needs. More specifically, the main contributions of the deliverable are the following: A theoretical framework using physics as a metaphor to develop different models of evolving semantic content. A set of proof-of-concept models for semantic drifts due to field dynamics, introducing two methods to identify quantum-like (QL) patterns in evolving information searching behaviour, and a QL model akin to particle-wave duality for semantic content classification. Integration of two specific tools, Somoclu for drift detection and Ncpol2spda for entanglement detection. An “energetic” hypothesis accounting for contextualized evolving semantic structures over time. A proposed semantic interpretation framework, integrating (a) an ontological inference scheme based on Description Logics (DL), (b) a rule-based reasoning layer built on SPARQL Inference Notation (SPIN), (c) an uncertainty management framework based on non-monotonic logics. A novel scheme for contextualized reasoning on semantic drift, based on LRM dependencies and OWL’s punning mechanism. An implementation of SPIN rules for policy and ecosystem change management, with the adoption of LRM preconditions and impacts. Specific use case scenarios demonstrate the context under development and the efficiency of the approach. Respective open-source implementations and experimental results that validate all the above.All these contributions are tightly interlinked with the other PERICLES work packages: WP2 supplies the use cases and sample datasets for validating our proposed approaches, WP3 provides the models (LRM and Digital Ecosystem models) that form the basis for our semantic representations of content and context, WP5 provides the practical application of the technologies developed to preservation processes, while the tools and algorithms presented in this deliverable can be deployed in combination with test scenarios, which will be part of the WP6 test beds.PERICLE
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