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Revision of Isoplenodia Prout, 1932 with new records from continental Africa (Lepidoptera: Geometridae, Sterrhinae)
No full textSihvonen, Pasi, Staude, Hermann S. (2010): Revision of Isoplenodia Prout, 1932 with new records from continental Africa (Lepidoptera: Geometridae, Sterrhinae). Zootaxa 2453: 25-41, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.19524
Isoplenodia Prout 1932
No full textGenus Isoplenodia Prout, 1932 Diagnosis (based on Sihvonen 2005). Monophyly supported by eight synapomorphies: (1) pilifer absent (unique); (2) ventrolateral sensilla on proximal part of male flagellomere in multiple rows; (3) anterior ventral lamina of metathoracic metafurca absent; (4) opening on male metathoracic dorsal sclerite absent (unique; character state ‘present’ illustrated in Sihvonen 2005, Fig. 112); (5) male hindleg tarsomeres 1–5 fused; (6) cerata fully developed; (7) mappa bare; (8) ventral margin of tegumen unmodified and straight. Based on the present study, the following additional characters may be diagnostic but require further analysis: male genitalia: sacculus of valva present as a row of short, stout setae; juxta v-shaped; aedeagus bent ventrally, with a keel-shaped extension ventrally; female genitalia: lamella antevaginalis weakly sclerotized, remainder of genitalia membranous; signum absent; corpus bursae with or without small sclerotized spines. Description. Adult: small moths, wingspan 14–19 mm (Figs. 1–8). Head smooth-scaled; male antenna fasciculate or bipectinate, female antenna fasciculate. Pilifer absent. Wings light brown, medial lines faintly expressed; forewing with one or two areoles; if two areoles, R 5 from distal areole, stalked with R 2 –R 4 (Fig. 1). Opening on male metathorax dorsal sclerite absent. Male hindleg outer margin hair pencil poorly developed or absent; tarsomere segments 1–5 fused, claws absent. Female hind tibia with 2 terminal spurs. Male abdomen and genitalia (Figs. 9–20): anterolateral extensions on male 2 nd sternite absent. Anterior margin of male 8 th sternite elongated medially or concave; cerata symmetrical or rudimentary; mappa present; membranous, posterolateral appendices absent. Socii setose. Valvae symmetrical: dorsal valvula soft, setose; ventral sacculus rudimentary, upturned, almost joined ventromedially, its margin covered with pointed setae. Juxta weakly sclerotized, narrow at base, with wing-like processes. Vinculum enlarged, dorsally narrow, v-shaped. Aedeagus curved ventrally, with keel-shaped ventral extension and long caecum; vesica without sclerotizations. Female genitalia (Figs. 21–29): Lamella antevaginalis weakly sclerotized; ductus seminalis opens from ductus bursae; corpus bursae elongated sac, unsclerotized or with weak spines. Biology and Distribution. Four species are known, one from Madagascar and three from continental Africa (Fig. 41). Isoplenodia moths appear to be rare, or difficult to find, with only 52 specimens located in the collections studied. Limited available data suggest that the African species are associated with wet forest or marsh mosaic habitats. The immature stages are unknown.Published as part of Sihvonen, Pasi & Staude, Hermann S., 2010, Revision of Isoplenodia Prout, 1932 with new records from continental Africa (Lepidoptera: Geometridae, Sterrhinae), pp. 25-41 in Zootaxa 2453 on page 26, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.19524
Isoplenodia arrogans Prout 1932
No full textIsoplenodia arrogans Prout, 1932 Figs. 2, 3, 9 –11, 21– 23 Isoplenodia arrogans, Prout, 1932, Novitates Zoologicae 37: 237, (Isoplenodia). Types: 6 males, 1 female (in BMNH), North Madagascar: Diego Suarez [=Antsiranana]. Isoplenodia arrogans ab. degener Prout, 1932, Novitates Zoologicae 37: 237, (Isoplenodia). Types: 1 male (in BMNH), [Madagascar]; unavailable infrasubspecific name. Material Examined. Syntype: Ƥ, labelled: “[North Madagascar]: Diego Suarez [=Antsiranana],/ Feb.– April, 17./ (G. Melou); Geometridae / genitalia slide/ No. 22584 [in BMNH]”, examined. Syntypes: 6 males, labelled: ”[North Madagascar]: Diego Suarez [=Antsiranana],/ Feb.– April, 17./ (G. Melou) [in BMNH]”, examined. Other specimens: ɞ, labelled: ”Ambondro,/ Andray, S. Mad.[agascar], / early Oct. [19] 34. / (R. Catala).; Rothschild / Bequest / B.M. 1939 - 1.; Geometridae / genitalia slide/ No. 20527 [genitalia, Pasi Sihvonen prep.]; Geometridae / genitalia slide/ No. 20547 [wings]; Geometridae / genitalia slide/ No. 20577 [head, thorax, Pasi Sihvonen prep.] [in BMNH]”, examined. Description. Wings. Male wingspan 15–16 mm (forewing length 8 mm) (n= 8); female 20 mm (forewing length 10 mm) (n= 1). Wings rust to light brown, markings weak, dark brown; forewing costa approximately of the same color as forewing; antemedial line barely visible, more pronounced in female(s); medial and postmedial lines weak; postmedial line with two angles; female medial area weakly tinted with red-brown; terminal line present, dark; fringes concolorous with wings. Only postmedial line visible in hindwings (males) or medial and postmedial line continued in hindwings (female(s)). Discal spots distinct in both wings. Wings colored below as above, but lighter, markings weaker; discal spots weak. Head. Labial palpi short, upturned, ochreous. Proboscis developed normally. Frons and vertex ochreous, smooth scaled; collar dark brown. Antennae brown dorsally. Male antennae bipectinate; female antennae fasciculate. Thorax. Concolorous with wings; legs concolorous with wings; foreleg tibial spurs absent; midleg tibia with two terminal spurs, of unequal length; male hindleg tibia slightly enlarged, outer margin hair pencil weakly expressed; tarsomeres of male hindleg tarsus fused, pretarsus absent; female hindleg tibia with two terminal spurs. Abdomen. Concolorous with thorax and wings. Tympanal organs large, round, almost joined medially; ansa wide at base, expanding, narrowest below hammer-header apex; these organs present in female also. Sternites 3–7 of male weakly sclerotized, unmodified; anterior margin of male sternite 8 medially elongated; mappa bare, round; cerata present, symmetrical, apical brushes absent; tergites 1–7 of male undifferentiated; tergite 8 weakly narrower in posterior margin. Female sclerites undifferentiated. Male genitalia. Small, fused, ovoid. Uncus absent; socii long, setose, widest below apex; dorsal lobe of valva (valvula) soft, setose, long; ventral lobe of valva (sacculus) rudimentary, upturned, almost joined ventromedially, sacculus margin covered with soft setae; juxta rather weakly sclerotized, base long, with long wing-like processes, apex slightly bent ventrally; vinculum enlarged, dorsally wide, v-shaped. Aedeagus rather thin, bent ventrally about 90 degrees; caecum long, round; distinct, keel-shaped extension in ventral part; vesica unsclerotized. Female genitalia. Papillae anales soft, setose; apophyses posteriores and apophyses anteriores approximately of equal length; region around ostium bursae weakly sclerotized; proximal part of ductus bursae sclerotized laterally only; ductus seminalis membranous, opens from ductus bursae laterally; corpus bursae elongated, partially weakly spinose. Biology and Distribution. Known only from Madagascar (Prout 1932, Prout 1929 –1935, Viette 1990), in the north from Antsiranana and in the south from Ambondro. Northern specimens have been collected during February and April; the only southern specimen was taken in October. Immature stages and biology unknown.Published as part of Sihvonen, Pasi & Staude, Hermann S., 2010, Revision of Isoplenodia Prout, 1932 with new records from continental Africa (Lepidoptera: Geometridae, Sterrhinae), pp. 25-41 in Zootaxa 2453 on pages 28-32, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.19524
Isoplenodia kisubiensis Sihvonen & Staude, 2010, sp. n.
No full textIsoplenodia kisubiensis sp. n. Sihvonen & Staude Figs. 6, 15– 17 Material Examined. Holotype: 3, labelled: “ HOLOTYPE / Isoplenodia kisubiensis / Sihvonen & Staude [red rectangular label]; Uganda, Entebbe, Kisubi / lake shore, / 00°06' 32.4 ''N / 32 ° 32 ' 48.1 ' / 'E, 1159 m, Lake Victoria / moist forest, 25 - 11-2005, / H. S. Staude; Uganda / Entebbe / Kisubi lake shore / 32.32.481E 00.06.324N / 25.XI. 2005 1159 m / H. S. Staude / HSS D000.DB 10469; Genitalia prep. / No. 1326 / Pasi Sihvonen [blue rectangular label]; [in TMP]”. Description. Wings. Male wingspan male 17 mm (forewing length 9 mm) (n= 1). Wings straw brown, markings brown, with tint of red in costa at base and apex. Antemedial line absent, medial and postmedial lines clear; antemedial line weakly undulating; postmedial line with large curve, turning towards base at costa; medial area wide, tinted with brown, darker than rest of wing; terminal area tinted with brown near termen; terminal line brown, continuous; fringes concolorous with wings. Medial and postmedial lines weak, narrow in hindwings. Discal spots absent. Wings colored below as above, postmedial line distinct, medial area darkest. Head. Labial palpi short, upturned, brown. Proboscis developed normally. Frons and vertex uniform dark brown, smooth scaled; collar brown. Dorsal surface of the antennae rust brown, mixed with black scales except in base. Male antennae bipectinate. Thorax. Concolorous with wings; tegula chocolate brown at base, light brown at apex; legs concolorous with wings, slightly mixed with rust brown; foreleg tibial spurs absent; midleg tibia with two terminal spurs, of unequal length; male hindleg tibia enlarged, with hair pencil; tarsomeres of male hindleg tarsus fused, pretarsus absent. Abdomen. Concolorous with thorax and wings. Tympanal organs large, round; structure of ansa unknown because tympanal organs broke off from rest of abdomen. Sternites 3–7 of male weakly sclerotized, unmodified; anterior margin of male sternite 8 approximately straight, base of sternite shallow (i.e. distance between base and cerata short); mappa bare, round; cerata slightly curved, symmetrical, equal length, without apical brushes; tergites 2–8 of male weakly sclerotized, unmodified. Male genitalia. Small, fused, roundish. Uncus absent; caudal margin of tegumen elongated medially; socii rudiment, present as a group of setae only; dorsal lobe of valva (valvula) soft, setose, long; ventral lobe of valva (sacculus) rudimentary, upturned medially, sacculus margin covered with short setae, short coremata laterally; juxta weakly sclerotized, with narrow wing-like processes; vinculum wide, ushaped. Aedeagus rather thick, bent ventrally less than 90 degrees; caecum long, round; distinct, keel-shaped extension in ventral part; vesica unsclerotized. Female genitalia. Unknown. Etymology. The name kisubiensis is derived from the type locality, Kisubi in southern Uganda. Biology and Distribution. I. kisubiensis is only known from a single specimen collected in southern Uganda (Figs. 41, 44), on the ecotone of tropical Lake Victoria secondary forest and adjacent wetland (a Papyrus dominated habitat). The immature stages are unknown.Published as part of Sihvonen, Pasi & Staude, Hermann S., 2010, Revision of Isoplenodia Prout, 1932 with new records from continental Africa (Lepidoptera: Geometridae, Sterrhinae), pp. 25-41 in Zootaxa 2453 on pages 37-39, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.19524
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
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are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
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