1,720,957 research outputs found
Reazioni al veleno d'imenotteri nel bambino: Vaccinare o non vaccinare?
No full textHymenoptera venom allergy is a rare occurrence in children, so paediatricians are frequently
unprepared and thus incapable of giving adequate answers. The allergy has
usually a benign natural history: systemic reactions characterized only by cutaneous manifestation
can either disappear completely, or maintain the same, low severity in case of
following punctures. Severe systemic reactions presenting with respiratory and/or cardiocirculatory
symptoms and/or laryngeal oedema, exceptionally fatal in paediatric age,
are a strong indication for specific immunotherapy (SIT). There are three important reasons
for this statement: contrary to common past belief, severe systemic reactions do not disappear
rapidly after the paediatric age; SIT for hymenoptera venom is very effective and
its effectiveness persists for years after suspension; affected patients' and families' quality
of life is frequently lowered by the fear of new punctures and the prescription of adrenaline
for auto-injection often worsens the fear instead of helping
Troponin T should not be considered as a screening test for pediatric myocarditis
No full textNot availabl
Le molte facce dell'acalasia esofagea: Promemoria per il pediatra
No full textAchalasia is a rare primary esophageal disorder in the paediatric age group and in
most cases is idiopathic. Familial achalasia is rarely described and can also be reported
in some syndromes. It is predominantly characterized by vomit and regurgitation,
dysphagia to solids and liquids, weight loss and chest pain; symptoms are age-specific.
Although achalasia is rare in children, with an incidence of approximately 0.1/
100,000, its symptoms may mimic common childhood diseases and therefore may delay
the diagnosis. Moreover, achalasia may be a part of the AAA (achalasia-alacrimiaadrenal
insufficiency) syndrome and its identification may help to quickly diagnose the
underlying adrenal insufficiency. The management of achalasia in children is still controversial;
laparoscopic Heller’s myotomy seems to be the procedure of choice. This report
describes the cases of four children affected by achalasia who did not show the symptom
dysphagia which, as a result, led to misdiagnosis and diagnostic delay
Miocardite: la grande simulatrice
No full textMyocarditis is a rare, but life threatening disease in childhood. It is most often due to common viral infections; less commonly, it may result from bacterial infections, immune mediated diseases or chemotherapy. Myocarditis may present with unspecific symptoms, ranging from respiratory to gastrointestinal ones; a clear hypomobility is the typical sign of myocarditis (“the immobile child”). The diagnosis is based on electrocardiogram and echocardiography, which are always pathologic but unspecific; an X-chest is useful to identify cardiomegaly. Among laboratory tests, the most sensitive element is an increased level of aspartate aminotransferase, while troponin dosage has low specificity and not absolute sensitivity. Endomyocardial biopsy is the gold standard diagnostic test, but it should be performed only in patients who do not respond to usual treatment, because of the high risk of side effects. The mainstay of therapy is supportive therapy for left ventricular dysfunction. The fulminant viral forms usually have initial significant cardiovascular impairment, followed by a complete resolution. On the other hand, a subacute disease might have less initial cardiovascular impairment, but more often can evolve to chronic dilated cardiomyopathy. In this case immunosuppressive therapy could be useful
Red Flags in Torticollis: A Historical Cohort Study
No full textOBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess the spectrum of pathologies responsible for torticollis in children presenting to the emergency department and to evaluate the associated symptoms to determine clinical red flags for hospitalization. METHODS: This was a historical retrospective cohort study. Medical records of children evaluated in our emergency department for torticollis from 2008 to 2013 were reviewed. RESULTS: Among 392 identified patients, 61% had postural torticollis,19.4% infection related, 16.3% traumatic, and 3.5% other. Twenty-five patients (6.4%) were hospitalized. Four variables were strongly and independently related to the severe outcome: fever, sore throat, headache, and age. CONCLUSIONS: The association of 2 or 3 of these 4 features carried a risk of 32% and 58%, respectively, of having a severe illness
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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