1,720,954 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
The Role of Antibiotics in Cochlear Implantation
No full textUgradnja umjetne pužnice je složen otokirurški postupak namijenjen osobama s teškim do potpunim senzorineuralnim gubitkom sluha. Ovaj zahvat omogućuje povratak osjeta sluha i slušnu rehabilitaciju kod pacijenata kod kojih konvencionalna slušna pomagala nisu učinkovita. Najčešće se oštećuju vanjske i/ili unutarnje stanice s dlačicama Cortijeva organa, dok su živčana vlakna očuvana, što je ključan preduvjet za uspješnu kohlearnu implantaciju. Operacija se sastoji od ugradnje umjetne pužnice i postavljanja elektrode koja stimulira slušni živac, omogućujući prijenos podražaja do moždane kore. Iako je zbog napretka tehnologije kohlearna implantacija postala rutinska metoda liječenja, moguće su određene poslijeoperacijske komplikacije. Najčešće su to infekcije, koje nastaju zbog interakcije tkiva pacijenta, implantata i mikroorganizama. Najznačajnije infekcije su: infekcije kirurške rane, upala srednjeg uha, mastoiditis i meningitis. Bez obzira što su relativno rijetke, ove komplikacije mogu uzrokovati ozbiljne posljedice, zahtijevajući dodatnu medicinsku skrb ili revizijske operacije. Zbog toga je važno razmotriti primjenu antibiotske profilakse kao preventivne mjere protiv razvoja infekcija. Premda se kohlearna implantacija prema kirurškoj klasifikaciji svrstava u „čiste“ ili „čisto-kontaminirane“ operacije, nema jasnog konsenzusa o opravdanosti rutinske perioperacijske primjene antibiotika. Trenutni podaci pokazuju da široka primjena antibiotika ne donosi statistički značajnu korist u smanjenju učestalosti infekcija. Međutim, profilaksa se može preporučiti u visokorizičnim skupinama pacijenata, poput djece, imunokompromitiranih osoba i pacijenata sa strukturnim malformacijama uha. Važno je imati na umu da prekomjerna uporaba antibiotika može dovesti do razvoja bakterijske rezistencije, što predstavlja jedan od glavnih izazova suvremene medicine. Daljnja istraživanja potrebna su za definiranje jasnih smjernica u primjeni antibiotske profilakse kod ugradnje umjetne pužnice, kako bi se osigurala optimalna zaštita pacijenata uz minimalni rizik.Cochlear implantation is a complex otosurgical procedure for individuals with severe sensorineural hearing loss. This intervention enables the restoration of hearing sensation and auditory rehabilitation in patients for whom conventional hearing aids are ineffective. Typically, the outer and/or inner hair cells of the organ of Corti are damaged, while the nerve fibers remain intact, which is a key prerequisite for successful cochlear implantation. The surgery involves the implantation of a cochlear implant and positioning an electrode that stimulates the auditory nerve, facilitating the transmission of signals to the auditory cortex. Although advances in technology have made cochlear implantation a routine treatment method, certain postoperative complications may still occur. The most common are infections resulting from the interaction between the patient’s tissue, the implant, and microorganisms. The most significant infections include surgical site infections, otitis media, mastoiditis, and meningitis. Despite their relative rarity, these complications can cause serious consequences, requiring additional medical care or revision surgeries. Therefore, it is important to consider the use of antibiotic prophylaxis as a preventive measure against infection development. Even though cochlear implantation is classified surgically as a “clean” or “clean-contaminated” procedure, there is no clear consensus on the routine perioperative use of antibiotics. Current data indicate that widespread antibiotic use does not provide a statistically significant benefit in reducing infection rates. However, prophylaxis may be recommended for high-risk patient groups such as children, immunocompromised individuals, and patients with structural ear malformations. It is essential to keep in mind that excessive antibiotic use can lead to the development of bacterial resistance, which poses one of the major challenges in modern medicine. Further research is needed to establish clear guidelines for antibiotic prophylaxis in cochlear implantation to ensure optimal patient protection while minimizing the risk of adverse effects
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