17 research outputs found
Nutrition of children with urinary tract infections till the age of 3 years in Varna region
Full text linkКърменето е доказан протективен фактор по отношение на инфекциите в детска възраст, като дискутабилен и слабо проучен е ефектът му върху инфекциите на пикочните пътища.Цел: Да се оценят практиките на кърмене сред деца с инфекции на пикочните пътища до тригодишна възраст във Варненска област.Материали и методи: Проведено е срезово проучване на честотата, продължителността и вида на кърмене при деца до тригодишна възраст с инфекции на пикочните пътища във Варненска област. Анкетирани са родителите на 108 деца - амбулаторни или хоспитализирани пациенти с диагностицирана инфекция на пикочните пътища на възраст от 0 до 3 години. Анкетата проучва характеристиките на хранене от родилния дом до момента на заболяването. Статистическата обработка на резултатите от анкетните карти е извършена с помощта на статистически софтуер SPSS (v. 17.0). За сравнение между групите на изследваните лица бяха използвани χ2 тест на Pearson, t-тест на Student и корелация по Pearson. При всички използвани анализи за статистически достоверни бяха приети различия при ниво на значимост p<0,05.Резултати: По време на диагностициране на инфекцията на пикочните пътища 94 деца (87%) са кърмени. Средната продължителност на кърменето сред тях е 7,79±0,8 месеца. Въобще не са кърмени 13% (n=14) от децата. Преобладаващата част от заболелите деца - 62 случая или 57.4%, не са били кърмени изключително. Изключителното кърмене сред децата с инфекции на пикочните пътища продължава 3,39±0,3 месеца, a вода е дадена на 1,74±0,2 месечна възраст. Средната възраст на захранване сред нашите участници в проучването е 4,8±0,1 месеца.Изводи: Инфекциите на пикочните пътища при деца до тригодишна възраст във Варненска област се развиват на фона на предимно заместващо или преобладаващо хранене. Изключителното кърмене на тези деца се среща рядко и е по-кратко от препоръките на Европейското дружество по детска гастроентерология, хепатология и хранене.Proven benefits of breastfeeding is that is reduces the risk of some respiratory tract infections in childhood, but it is stil questionable if it has protective effect against urinary tract infections.Aim: To evaluate breastfeeding practices among children with urinary tract infections from birth till three years in Varna region.Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in children under three years of age with urinary tract infections in Varna region. The frequency, duration and type of breastfeeding were assessed. A total of 108 questionnaires were administered to parents of children (from birth till 3 years) - inpatients or outpatients diagnosed with urinary tract infection. The survey assessed their characteristics of nutrition from birth until the the beginning of disease. For the analysis, SPSS version 17 wass used. Frequencies and descriptive statistics were analyzed. For comparison between groups of individuals tested χ2 test of Pearson, t-test of Student and correlation by Pearson were used. In all the analyzes statistically significant differences were accepted at p <0,05.Results: Аt the diagnosis of urinary tract infections 94 children (87%) were breastfed. Never breastfed were 13% (n=14) of children. The majority of infected children - 62 cases or 57.4% were not breastfed exclusively. Exclusive breastfeeding among children with urinary tract infections continued till 3,39±0,3 months, and water was given to them at the age of 1,74±0,2 months. The mean age of initiation of complementary feeding among our respondents was 4,85±0,1 months.Conclusions: Urinary tract infections in children under 3 years of age in Varna region is developing among mostly formula fed children. Exclusive breastfeeding in these children is rare and is shorter than the recommendations of European society of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition
BLACK SEA RAPANA VENOSA – A PROMISING SOURCE OF ESSENTIAL LIPIDS
Full text linkBackground: A diet rich in seafood has been linked to a variety of health benefits. While worldwide overfishing results in declining fish stocks, the growing demand for alternative sources of marine lipids has been expected. Rapana venosa (veined Rapa whelk) has become valuable seafood with nutritional and economic importance in the Black Sea region.
Purpose: The aim of the present study was to provide knowledge about biologically active lipids in Black Sea Rapana venosa, harvested in the region of Varna.
Material/Methods: Lipid classes were separated and purified by column and thin-layer chromatography. The saponifiable lipid fraction was derivatized into fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) and analysed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Non-saponifiable lipids were identified by high pressure liquid chromatography coupled with UV/Vis and fluorescence detectors (HPLC-UV-FL).
Results: Rapana venosa was characterized by low lipid content (0.50 g.100g-1 ww) with beneficial PUFA/SFA and n-6/n-3 ratios and high content of vitamin D3 and astaxanthin. Lipids comprised mainly of polar lipids. Polyunsaturated fatty acids represented more than 50% of total fatty acids, most abundant being from the omega-3 series. Sum of EPA and DHA accounted at 40.8% of total fatty acids. Lipid quality indices indicated the good anti-atherogenic and atni-trombogenic properties (AI and TI < 1) of rapana meat.
Conclusions: The study revealed that Rapana venosa from the Black Sea is a good source of high quality marine lipids and presents а high potential for developing functional foods and/or dietary supplements with beneficial health effects
Royal jelly - a promising product for the pharmaceutical industry
No full textRoyal jelly is a bee product, unique in its composition and biological activity. Its proven biochemical properties attract the attention of researchers in recent years. Bee products including royal jelly are valuable components of the modern pharmaceutical industry. Either used as food or food supplements, they promote health and longevity, increasing the chances for adaptation.Objective of this review is to focus on the biological activity of royal jelly and its role in human health.The review is made referring to publications found in Science Direct and BioMed Central
Farmed mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) from the Black Sea reveal seasonal differences in their neutral and polar lipid fatty acids profile
No full textStructural and optical modification in 4H-SiC following 30 keV silver ion irradiation
No full textThe market of high power, high frequency and high temperature based electronic devices is captured by SiC due to its superior properties like high thermal conductivity and high sublimation temperature and also due to the limitation of silicon based electronics in this area. There is a need to investigate effect of ion irradiation on SiC due to its application in outer space as outer space is surrounded both by low and high energy ion irradiations. In this work, effect of low energy ion irradiation on structural and optical property of 4H-SiC is investigated. ATR-FTIR is used to study structural modification and UV-Visible spectroscopy is used to study optical modifications in 4H-SiC following 30 keV Ag ion irradiation. FTIR showed decrease in bond density of SiC along the ion path (track) due to the creation of point defects. UV-Visible absorption spectra showed decrease in optical band gap from 3.26 eV to 2.9 eV. The study showed degradation of SiC crystallity and change in optical band gap following low energy ion irradiation and should be addressed while fabricationg devices based on SiC for outer space application. Additionally, this study provides a platform for introducing structural and optical modification in 4H-SiC using ion beam technology in a controlled manner.</p
Trace Elements and Omega-3 Fatty Acids of Wild and Farmed Mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) Consumed in Bulgaria: Human Health Risks
No full textThe unique, closed ecosystem of the Black Sea is of significant global importance. The levels and health risk of some trace elements (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Ni, Pb and Zn) in wild and farmed mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) collected from the Bulgarian part of the Black Sea were determined and using different approaches such as Estimated Daily Intake (EDI), Target Hazard Quotient (THQ), Hazard Index (HI), Target risk (TR), human health risk levels were assessed. The mean maximum concentrations of the elements Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Ni, Pb and Zn in all mussel samples were below the maximum permissible limits (MPLs) except that which exceeded the limit of 2.00 mg/kg ww. Eicosapentaenoic (EPA, 20:5n-3) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n-3) were the major polyunsaturated fatty acids. The fatty acids profile studied mussels showed that the farmed mussels had higher PUFA/SFA ratios, DHA and EPA + DHA content and lower SFA, AI and TI values. The target risk (TR) values for Pb, Cr, Ni and As were calculated, evaluated and showed acceptable or negligible levels. Target hazard quotients (THQs) and hazard index (HI) from elemental intake were below 1 indicated no hazard from consumption. The benefit–risk ratio indicated that wild and cultured M. galloprovincialis are safe for human consumption
Risk Assessment of Essential and Toxic Elements in Freshwater Fish Species from Lakes near Black Sea, Bulgaria
No full textThe aims of this study were to measure the concentrations of selected toxic and essential elements in the muscle tissue of five common freshwater fish species (roach (Rutilus rutilus), freshwater bream (Abramis brama), prussian carp (Carassius gibelio), crucian carp (Carassius carassius) and common carp (Cyprinus carpio)) from Lake Burgas and Lake Mandra (Bulgaria). In all samples the levels of Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, Fe and Zn were under the maximum allowed concentrations for safe human consumption in Bulgaria and ranged as follows: Cd 0.02–0.05; Cr 0.03–0.06; Cu 0.11–0.20; Mn 0.05–0.71; Ni 0.06–0.11; Pb 0.15–0.27, Fe 1.68–5.86 and Zn 1.94–9.06 mg/kg wet weight. The concentration of As was under detection limit. An assessment of the human risk by calculation of the target hazard quotients (THQ), hazard index (HI) and target risk (TR) was performed. The target hazard quotient (THQ) for individual elements and HI for combined metals were lower than 1, indicating no health risk for consumers due to the intake of either individual or combined metals. The target risk for iAs, Pb and Ni was below 10−6, indicating no carcinogenic risk. According to these results, the consumption of these freshwater fish species is safe for human health
Metal Content, Fatty Acid and Vitamins in Commercially Available Canned Fish on the Bulgarian Market: Benefit–Risk Ratio Intake
No full textToday, the distribution and consumption of canned products have become widespread due to the convenience of using processed fish products. This study aims to evaluate elements of toxicological concern and essential elements (Cd, Al, Cu, Cr, Mn, Fe, Pb, Ni, and Zn), the fatty acid composition, and the fat-soluble vitamin and antioxidant pigment contents of various canned fish products purchased on the Bulgarian market. The estimated weekly intake and human health benefit–risk ratio based on metal elements and n-3 LC-PUFA contents in canned fish products were assessed. The contents of the analyzed elements in the canned samples were found to be below the limits set by various health organizations. Al was detected in only one sample. The profile of fatty acids showed that the canned fish had high PUFA/SFA ratios, EPA + DHA contents and low SFA, AI and TI values. The analyzed canned fish contained significant contents of fat-soluble vitamins. The Atlantic bonito in a jar sample was characterized by a high percentage of vitamin A (26.7% RDI) and vitamin D3 (142% RDI) per 100 g portion. The calculated EWI value shows that the consumption of canned fish products did not present any risk. The benefit–risk ratio indicates that the canned fish species are safe for human consumption, except for one sample regarding Cr
Seasonal Variations in the Trace Elements and Mineral Profiles of the Bivalve Species, Mytilus galloprovincialis, Chamelea gallina and Donax trunculus, and Human Health Risk Assessment
No full textThis study aimed to provide data on selected toxic (Cd, Pb and Ni), essential (Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn) and microelement (Na, K, Ca and Mg) concentrations in edible tissues of the Mediterranean mussel (Mytilus galloprovincialis), striped venus clam (Chamelea gallina) and the wedge clam (Donax trunculus). Samples were collected from the Black Sea (Bulgaria) four times over, a period of one year (2022). In comparison with the maximum permissible levels set by the EU and USFDA, all elemental concentration found in the bivalve species were lower than the prescribed limits. An estimation of the dietary metal intake through calculation of the target hazard quotients (THQ), hazard index (HI) and target risk (TR) was performed. The target hazard quotient (THQ) for individual metal and HI for combined metals were lower than 1, indicating no health risk for consumers due to the intake of either individual element or combined ones. The target risk value for toxic inorganic Pb and Cr was below 10−6, indicating no carcinogenic risk. According to these results, the consumption of these bivalve species is completely safe for human health
