1,720,986 research outputs found
[Perioperative use of metamizole and other nonopioid analgesics in children : Results of a survey].
No full textSicherheit und Monitoring der patientenkontrollierten intravenösen Analgesie. Anwendungspraxis in deutschen Krankenhäusern
Full text link
Perioperative analgesia with nonopioid analgesics
No full textHintergrund: Nichtopioidanalgetika wer-
den bei vielen Patienten zur perioperativen
Analgesie eingesetzt. Zu einigen
praktischen Fragen beim Einsatz von
Nichtopioidanalgetika liegen z. T. nur
wenig Informationen aus Studien vor,
und in Krankenhäusern existieren häufig
keine Konzepte zum Vorgehen, z. B. zur
Patientenaufklärung und zum Zeitpunkt
der perioperativen Gabe.
Methodik: Eine Expertengruppe der
beteiligten Fachgesellschaften hat konsensbasierte
Empfehlungen zum perioperativen
Einsatz und in einem strukturierten
formalen Konsensusprozess
verabschiedet.
Ergebnisse: Die Arbeitsgruppe stimmt
überein, dass Nichtopioidanalgetika Bestandteil
eines perioperativen multimodalen
Analgesiekonzepts sein sollen
und Patienten präoperativ über Nutzen,
Risiken und alternative Behandlungsmöglichkeiten
aufgeklärt werden sollen.
Die präoperative Patienteninformation
und -edukation soll auch eine Schmerzund
Analgetikaanamnese umfassen und
Patienten mit Risikofaktoren für starke
Schmerzen und eine Schmerzchronifizierung
sollen identifiziert werden.
Unter Berücksichtigung von Kontraindikationen
können Nichtopioidanalgetika
abhängig von der Operationsdauer auch
schon prä- oder intraoperativ gegeben
werden, um nach Beendigung der
Anästhesie ausreichende Plasmakonzentrationen
zu erzielen. Nichtopioidanalgetika
oder Kombinationen von (Nichtopioid-)
Analgetika sollen nur für einen
begrenzten Zeitraum gegeben werden.
Ein gemeinsam erarbeiteter abteilungsübergreifender
Behandlungsstandard mit
dem Nichtopioidanalgetikum erster Wahl,
weiteren Therapieoptionen sowie ad-
äquaten Dosierungen, ergänzt durch ein-
griffsspezifische Konzepte, soll schriftlich
hinterlegt werden. Bei Entlassung
aus dem Krankenhaus soll der nachbehandelnde
Arzt zu perioperativ gegebenen
und aktuell noch eingenommenen
Analgetika schriftliche Informationen
erhalten. Patienten sollen zu möglichen
Nebenwirkungen der Analgetika und
ihrer Symptome, die auch nach Krankenhausentlassung
auftreten können, und
die befristete Einnahmedauer informiert
werden.
Schlussfolgerung: Die Anwendung von
Nichtopioidanalgetika soll als Bestandteil
eines perioperativen multimodalen
Analgesiekonzepts mit klaren Vorgaben
zu Indikationen, Kontraindikationen,
Dosierungen
und Behandlungsdauer
in einem abteilungsübergreifenden
Behandlungsstandard
schriftlich hinterlegt
werden.Background: Nonopioid analgesics are
frequently used for perioperative analgesia;
however, insuffcient research is
available on several practical issues.
Often hospitals have no strategy for
how to proceed, e.g., when informing
patients or timing the perioperative administration
of nonopioid analgesics.
346 Sonderbeiträge
Special Articles
Leitlinien und Empfehlungen
Guidelines and Recommendations
© Anästh Intensivmed 2021;62:345–361 Aktiv Druck & Verlag GmbH
Methods: An expert panel representing
the German national societies of pain,
anaesthesiology and intensive care
medicine and surgery developed recommendations
for the perioperative use of
nonopioid analgesics within a formal,
structured consensus process.
Results: The panel agreed that nonopioid
analgesics should be part of a multimodal
analgesia concept and that pa-
tients have to be informed preoperatively
about possible complications and
alternative treatment options. Patients’
history of pain and analgesic intake
should be evaluated. Patients at risk of
severe postoperative
pain and possible
chronification of postsurgical pain should
be identified. Depending on the duration
of surgery, nonopioid analgesics can
already be administered preoperatively
or intraoperatively so that plasma concentrations
are sufficient after emergence
from anaesthesia. Nonopioid analgesics
or combinations of analgesics should
be administered for a limited time only.
An interdisciplinary written standard of
care, comprising the nonopioid analgesic
of choice, possible alternatives,
adequate dosing and timing of administration
as well as surgery specific po-
licies, have to be agreed upon by all
departments involved. At discharge, the
patient’s physician should be informed
of analgesics given and those necessary
after discharge. Patients should be informed
of possible side effects and
symptoms and timely discontinuation of
analgesic drugs.
Conclusion: The use of nonopioid an-
algesics as part of a perioperative multimodal
concept should be approved and
established as an interdisciplinary and
interprofessional
concept for the adequate
treatment of postoperative pain
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
- …
