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Essays on banking in Italy
Full text linkIl lavoro ‘Essays on Banking in Italy’ si compone di tre ricerche realizzate nel periodo 2005-2008. Nel primo studio (The Monitoring and certification roles of bankers on industrial boards), i dati sulla composizione degli organi societari delle imprese censite dalla Camera di Commercio sono stati incrociati, per la prima volta a conoscenza di chi scrive, con altre tre fonti di informazioni tra cui la Centrale dei rischi. Tale incrocio ha permesso di identificare la presenza degli amministratori di banca negli organi societari delle imprese e studiarne gli effetti sul costo del credito. E’ stato possibile discriminare tra un’ipotesi favorevole (information view) e una sfavorevole (conflitto di interessi).
Noi troviamo che le banche rappresentate nel board di un impresa applicano tassi di interesse simili a quelli applicati da banche assenti dal board. Pertanto non abbiamo evidenza di conflitto di interessi.
Il secondo lavoro (What’s risk got to do with it ? An analysis of interest rates in the Italian consumer credit market) analizza le determinanti dei tassi di interesse sul credito al consumo delle famiglie. Il risultati dello studio suggeriscono che il potere di mercato delle banche ha un effetto significativo sui tassi di interesse che queste applicano alle famiglie. L’analisi mostra invece un ruolo limitato del rischio: il rapporto sofferenze su prestiti risulta generalmente non significativo e una misura alternativa risulta solo parzialmente migliore. Un approfondimento, basato su regressioni quantili, suggerisce, infine, che una relazione positiva standard tra rischio e tasso sussista solo per la parte inferiore della distribuzione dei tassi e venga meno per la parte sopra la mediana.
Nel terzo lavoro (Why is the volume of bank loans low in some countries and high in others? The role of government debt) sono analizzate le determinanti della dimensione dei mercati bancari nei paesi sviluppati. Il contributo principale del lavoro è quello di mostrare il legame inverso tra l’emissione di titoli del debito pubblico e l’offerta di prestiti bancari al settore privato dell’economia. In base all’interpretazione fornita, lo spiazzamento osservato è un effetto della repressione finanziaria attuata dai governi di alcuni paesi per preservare la stabilità finanziaria. Con riferimento all’Italia, le restrizioni attuate attraverso massimali all’offerta di credito delle banche e vincoli all’apertura di sportelli possono aver contenuto l’offerta di finanziamenti al settore privato, da un lato, e incrementato la domanda di titoli domestici come quelli rappresentativi del debito pubblico, dall’altro.The work ‘Essays on Banking in Italy’ consists of three studies conducted in the period 2005-2008. The first and the second study investigate pricing behaviour of banks on loans granted to private sector, i.e. to firms (The Monitoring and certification effects of bankers on industrial boards) and to households (What’s risk got to do with it ? An analysis of interest rates in the Italian consumer credit market) while the third study (Why is the volume of bank loans low in some countries and high in others? The role of government debt) deals with the determinants of the size of business activity in developed countries.
In the first research, a database collecting information on board’s composition of a very large number of firms (those registered at the Chamber of Commerce) was matched with other three sources of data, including the Central Credit Register, for the first time to the best of my knowledge. Such a matching allowed us to identify and study effects of bank representation on corporate board, and to discriminate between a beneficial monitoring activity as well as, alternatively, a costly conflict of interest.
Our analysis shows that interest rates loans from the bank with a director who is also a director of the borrowing firm are not significantly lower than those charged by other banks. Therefore, we do not find evidence of a conflict of interest effect.
In the second research we investigate the determinants of the price of consumer lending in Italy. The results suggest that concentration level exerted a significant influence on pricing conditions while the evidence on the role of risk is less clear. According to results from a quintile regression approach, we may track down a standard relationship between risk and prices only as for the lowest quintiles of the interest rate distribution. As far as interest rates applied by banks above the median prices are concerned, cost of lending seems to be less sensitive to risk.
In the third paper we look at the determinants of the size of banking markets in developed countries. The novelty of the paper is to shed a light on the negative linkages between government securities issuance and the amount of credit granted by banks to private sector. We find a crowding–out effect that we interpret as an outcome of financial repression. As well as Italy is concerned, restrictions to financial activity operated through credit ceilings and branch restrictions may have shrunk bank supply of financing to private sector, on the one hand, and artificially channelled bank resources to domestic assets such as the public debt, on the other hand
Preoperative and postoperative electroneurographic facial nerve monitoring in patients with parotid tumors
No full textOBJECTIVE: To assess the value of clinical (House-Brackmann grading) and neurophysiological (conventional electroneurography) monitoring of the facial nerve before and after (at day 10 and day 80) microsurgical parotidectomy in a group of patients with parotid tumors. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: From January 7, 1999, to February 27, 2001, 33 patients were evaluated for parotid neoplasms confirmed by cytologic examination: 27 were benign and 6 were malignant epithelial tumors. All patients underwent preoperative electroneurography of the affected side and the normal contralateral side. RESULTS: Preoperatively, 27 of 33 patients with benign lesions had normal facial nerve function on clinical and neurophysiological evaluation, while 3 of 6 patients with malignant lesions showed compound muscle action potential abnormalities of amplitude and latency, in the absence of facial nerve deficits. At the first postoperative evaluation, 2 of 6 patients with epithelial cancer and 4 of 27 patients with benign tumors had an absence of voluntary activity and compound muscle action potentials after nerve stimulation at the stylomastoid foramen; 1 patient with a malignant lesion and 5 patients with benign tumors had a transient facial palsy with amplitude reduction or latency prolongation of compound muscle action potential. This abnormality persisted in 2 of 27 patients at the second evaluation performed at day 80 after surgery. In 2 of 6 patients with malignant lesions, the day-80 electroneurogram showed a complete absence of nerve conduction. CONCLUSION: Electroneurography is a sensitive tool for monitoring clinically silent facial nerve function deficits in the context of preoperative tumor-induced damage and postsurgical early and late follow-up of nerve function
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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