2,136,281 research outputs found
The Reformation in the burgh of St Andrews : property, piety and power
No full textThis thesis examines the impact of the Reformation on the estates of ecclesiastical
institutions and officials based in St Andrews. It argues that land and wealth were
redistributed and power structures torn apart, as St Andrews changed from Scotland’s
Catholic ecclesiastical capital to a conspicuously Protestant burgh. The rapid dispersal
of the pre-Reformation church’s considerable ecclesiastical lands and revenues had
long-term ramifications for the lives of local householders, for relations between
religious and secular authorities, and for St Andrews’ viability as an urban community.
Yet this major redistribution of wealth has had limited attention from scholars.
The first part of this study considers the role played by the Catholic Church in St
Andrews before the Reformation, and the means by which it was financed, examining
the funding of the city’s pre-Reformation ecclesiastical foundations and officials, and
arguing that (contrary to some traditional assumptions) the Catholic Church in St
Andrews was on a reasonably sound financial footing until the Reformation. The second
section considers the immediate disruption to St Andrews’ religious lands and revenues
caused by the burgh’s public conversion to Protestantism, and then explores the more
planned reorganisation of the 1560s. The disputes and difficulties triggered by the
redistribution of ecclesiastical wealth are examined, as well as the longer term impact
on St Andrews of the treatment of church revenues at the Reformation. Evidence for this
study is chiefly drawn from the extensive body of manuscripts concerning St Andrews
held by the National Library of Scotland, the National Records of Scotland, and the
University of St Andrews Special Collections
Housing Need and Housing Pressures in St Andrews
No full textFunding: The St Andrews Preservation Trust, St Andrews Common Good Fund, University of St Andrews, anonymous donationsIn 2012 a group of local organisations resolved to promote a serious study of the housing situation in the town. To carry out this task, they established the ‘St Andrews Town Commission on Housing’ composed of people who would bring a wide range of experience and skill to the study and could be relied on to be independent in their work. The objective was to identify and examine housing need and housing pressures in St Andrews, how these are currently being met and how they might be better met in the future. The Commission gathered evidence from a questionnaire (circulated to the student community and town households) and from interviews with local organisations, town residents, the University, Fife Council and a variety of housing providers. We also interrogated census and local authority demographic and housing data and conducted a survey of published literature and documentary sources. From this evidence it became apparent that two issues overrode all others, (i) scarcity of affordable housing and (ii) pressure on accommodation from University students who represent an unusually high proportion of the town’s population. These became the focus for the study
Education in post-Reformation Scotland : Andrew Melville and the University of St Andrews, 1560-1606
No full textAndrew Melville (1545-1622) was the leader of the Presbyterian wing of the Scottish
Kirk between 1574 and 1607, and he and his colleagues were a perpetual irritant to
James VI and I in his attempts to establish a royal and Episcopal dominance over the
Kirk. Yet much of Melville’s reputation has been based on the seventeenth-century
Presbyterian historical narratives written by the likes of James Melville (Andrew’s
nephew) and David Calderwood. These partisan accounts formed the basis of modern
historiography in Thomas M’Crie’s monumentally influential Life of Andrew Melville.
Modern historians broadly agree that Melville’s portrayal as a powerful and decisive
church leader in these narratives is greatly exaggerated, and that he was at best an
influential voice in the Kirk who was quickly marginalised by the adult James VI.
However, only James Kirk has commented at any length on Melville’s other role in
Jacobean Scotland—that of developing and reforming the Scottish universities.
Melville revitalised the near-defunct Glasgow University between 1574 and 1580, and
from 1580 to 1607 was principal of St Mary’s College, St Andrews, Scotland’s only
divinity college. He was also rector of the University of St Andrews between 1590
and 1597. This thesis provides a detailed account of Melville’s personal role in the
reform and expansion of the Scottish universities. This includes an analysis of his
direct work at Glasgow, but focuses primarily on St Andrews, using the untapped
archival sources held there and at the Scottish National Library and Archives to create
a detailed picture of the development of the University after the Reformation. This
thesis also evaluates the intellectual content of Melville’s reform programme, both as
it developed during his time in Paris, Poitiers and Geneva, and as we see it in action in
St Andrews
The Cathedral of St Alexander Nevski in Sofia.
No full textPreviously in the University eprints HAIRST pilot service at http://eprints.st-andrews.ac.uk/archive/00000393/Article 4 of 6 in an issue devoted to the visual culture of South Eastern EuropeBuilt to celebrate the liberation of Bulgaria from centuries of Ottoman domination, the Cathedral of St. Alexander Nevski in Sofia has aroused only scant interest among art historians both inside and outside the country. In recent years, the general disinterest surrounding this monument can be ascribed to the political climate in Bulgaria after the Second World War; for almost half a century the militant atheism of the Communist regime stifled the religious feelings of the Bulgarian people, forcing believers underground. Consequently, under pressure from the regime, religious works of art and places of worship fell into neglect.
In view of this void, the aim of my research was to document as completely as possible all the various aspects of the Cathedral of St. Alexander Nevski. I then traced the history of Bulgaria, starting from the Ottoman conquest and focusing particularly on the period of the Bulgarian Renaissance, which led the country, with the help of Russia, to freedom from the Turkish Empire and then to independence. I hope that this study will shed a glimmer of light on this splendid building and help to stimulate interest in Bulgaria's artistic heritage.Postprin
Law Notes: St. Mary's University School of Law Newsletter Fall 2011
No full textA Look at St. Mary's Legal Minds, On the Border: Legal Aid to the Underserved, Distinguished Law Graduate Award 2011, Kudos and Class Notes, In Memoria
St. Norbert College Parish History
No full textSt. Norbert College Parish traces its roots to a chapel built in 1676, evolving into a vibrant Norbertine ministry and the National Shrine of St. Joseph. Over centuries, it has remained a spiritual center for both the college and local community, with its historic church now serving as the parish and campus ministry hub
Improving Students’ Learning Aspirations Beyond Post-Primary Education : A First Account of Two Non-Formal Education Programmes in Middle-Income Countries
No full textNon-formal education programmes are active in a number of developing countries. These programmes offer vulnerable students an opportunity to pursue their education although they were excluded for various reasons from the formal education systems. This paper examines the impact of two programmes (one in Mauritius, and one in Thailand) on their participants’ aspirations towards learning. We develop a methodology to measure the perception of students regarding their learning experience. More than a third of them, for example, believe that there is no barrier to their education. Most acknowledge the role of their teachers in raising their aspirations towards their educational achievement. When compared to male students, female students seem to value more the role of their education
Noted Author and Scholar Visits
No full textThe new Cassandra Voss Center at St. Norbert is celebrating a canonical figure in gender studies in America with a full year of programming dedicated to her work.https://digitalcommons.snc.edu/snc_magazine_archives_2013-2018/1004/thumbnail.jp
On the Record Summer 1994: A Magazine for Graduates: St. Mary's University School of Law
No full textA Thrice Told Tale or Felix the Cat, Thank You Professor Anderson, Reflections on A Lawer's Law School, Alumnae/i New
Adapting authoritarianism: institutions and co-optation in Egypt and Syria
No full textThis PhD thesis compares Egypt and Syria’s authoritarian political systems. While the tendency in social science political research treats Egypt and Syria as similarly authoritarian, this research emphasizes differences between the two systems with special reference to institutions and co-optation. Rather than reducibly understanding Egypt and Syria as sharing similar histories, institutional arrangements, or ascribing to the oft-repeated convention that “Syria is Egypt but 10 years behind,” this thesis focuses on how events and individual histories shaped each states current institutional strengthens and weaknesses. Specifically, it explains the how varying institutional politicization or de-politicization affects each state’s capabilities for co-opting elite and non-elite individuals.
Beginning with a theoretical framework that considers the limited utility of democratization and transition theoretical approaches, the work underscores the persistence and durability of authoritarianism. Chapter two details the politicized institutional divergence between Egypt and Syria that began in the 1970s. Chapter three and four examines how institutional politicization or de-politicization affects elite and non-elite individual co-optation in Egypt and Syria. Chapter five discusses the study’s general conclusions and theoretical implications.
This thesis’s argument is that Egypt and Syria co-opt elites and non-elites differently because of the varying degrees of institutional politicization in each governance system. Rather than view one country as more politically developed than the other, this work argues that Syria’s political institutions are more politicized than their Egyptian counterparts. Syria’s political arena is, thus, described as politicized-patrimonialism. Syria’s politicized-patrimonial arena produces uneven co-optation of elites and non-elites as they are diffused through competing institutions. Conversely, the Egyptian political arena remains highly personalized as weak institutions and individuals are manipulated and molded according to the president’s ruling clique. This is referred to as personalized-patrimonialism. As a consequence, Egypt’s political establishment demonstrates more flexibility in ad hoc altering and adapting its arena depending on the emergence of crises.
This study’s theoretical implications suggest that, contrary to modernization and democratization theory’s adage that institutions lead to a political development, politicized institutions within a patrimonial order actually hinder regime adaptation because consensus is harder to achieve and maintain. It is within this context that Egypt’s de-politicized institutional framework advantages its top political elite. In this reading of Egyptian and Syrian politics, Egypt’s personalized political arena is more adaptable than Syria’s. These conclusions do not indicate that political reform is a process underway in either state
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