1,721,017 research outputs found
Replication Data for: Dynamic vs. static social networks in models of parasite transmission: Predicting Cryptosporidium spread in wild lemurs
No full textThis dataset contains the R codes, model input data and model output necessary to reproduce the analyses persented in "Dynamic vs. static social networks in models of parasite transmission: Predicting Cryptosporidium spread in wild lemurs"
Replication Data for: Dynamic vs. static social networks in models of parasite transmission: Predicting Cryptosporidium spread in wild lemurs
No full textThis dataset contains the R codes, model input data and model output necessary to reproduce the analyses persented in "Dynamic vs. static social networks in models of parasite transmission: Predicting Cryptosporidium spread in wild lemurs"
Intestinal parasite communities of six sympatric lemur species at Kirindy Forest, Madagascar
Full text linkIntestinal parasites impact host health, survival and reproductive success
and therefore exert selective pressures on hosts' ecology and behavior. Thus,
characterizing and comparing the parasitic fauna of different wildlife hosts
sharing the same habitat can provide insights into the mechanisms underlying
variation in parasitism, as well as the role of parasites as possible
conservation threats. Several host traits have been proposed to generate
differences in parasite diversity among different host species, including
phylogeny, host body mass, host longevity, diet, and differences in ranging
and social behavior. Here, we provide an overview of intestinal helminths and
protozoa detected by fecal microscopy in six sympatric lemur species in
Kirindy Forest, western Madagascar. The described patterns indicate that host
phylogeny and diet may play an important role in shaping intestinal parasite
assemblages in this system, as the closely related, omnivorous cheirogaleids
showed the strongest overlap in parasite communities. No indication was found
for an effect of body mass or longevity on parasite species richness.
Regarding the effect of sociality, the two group-living lemur species,
Propithecus verreauxi and Eulemur rufifrons, harbored
directly transmitted parasites at higher prevalence than solitary foragers,
but not at higher diversity. Effects of season and sex on parasite
prevalence confirm the results of previous studies, with higher prevalence
in the energetically demanding dry season and a male bias in parasitism. We
highlight the opportunities of exploring the parasitic fauna of wildlife from
a community ecology and evolutionary perspective, and identify prospects for
future research on lemur parasitism
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Comparison of three Short-Term Immobilization Regimes in wild Verreaux´s Sifakas (Propithecus Verrauxi): Ketamine–Xylazine, Ketamine–Xylazine–Atropine, and Tiletamine–Zolazepam
No full textAlthough research on lemurid primates in Madagascar has been ongoing for several decades, reports on different drug regimes to immobilize wild lemurs are limited. This study compares the efficacy, reliability, and side effects of ketamine–xylazine, ketamine–xylazine–atropine, and tiletamine–zolazepam immobilization in wild Verreaux's sifakas (Propithecus verreauxi). In the course of a long-term study in Kirindy Forest, western Madagascar, eight animals each received a mixture of ketamine (5.32 ± 1.71 mg/kg) and xylazine (0.56 ± 0.19 mg/kg) (KX; 7 males, 1 female) and ketamine (6.58 ± 1.36 mg/kg), xylazine (1.28 ± 0.28 mg/kg), and atropine (0.013 ± 0.003 mg/kg) (KXA; 5 males, 3 females), respectively, and 14 individuals received tiletamine–zolazepam (7.73 ± 1.37 mg/kg) (TZ; 9 males, 5 females). Induction was smooth in all protocols, but showed considerable variation in duration when animals had received KXA. Immobilization as well as recovery lasted significantly longer with TZ than with KX (P < 0.05). Occurrence of side effects was not significantly different between the protocols; however, excessive salivation, involuntary muscular contractions, and vocalization only occurred in animals immobilized with TZ. Heart rate measurement at 10 min after onset of complete immobilization yielded significantly higher values if the animals had been immobilized with TZ compared to KX (P < 0.05). Heart rate decreased from the first to the second measurement for the KX- and KXA-immobilized animals, whereas immobilization with TZ resulted in an increase in heart rate. The results suggest that KX produces good, but short, immobilization in Verreaux's sifakas at approximately 5 mg/kg ketamine and 0.5 mg/kg xylazine and a smoother and shorter recovery phase than 5 to 10 mg/kg TZ, whereas adding atropine to KX did not provide any benefits
Replication Data for: Patterns of seasonality and group membership characterize the gut microbiota in a longitudinal study of wild Verreaux’s sifakas (Propithecus verreauxi)
No full textThis dataset contains the sample metadata and OTU tables necessary to reproduce the analyses presented in "Patterns of seasonality and group membership characterize the gut microbiota in a longitudinal study of wild Verreaux’s sifakas (Propithecus verreauxi)". Note that sequences have been deposited in the European Bioinformatics Institute database (Study accession: PRJEB20740)
Replication Data for: Patterns of seasonality and group membership characterize the gut microbiota in a longitudinal study of wild Verreaux’s sifakas (Propithecus verreauxi)
No full textThis dataset contains the sample metadata and OTU tables necessary to reproduce the analyses presented in "Patterns of seasonality and group membership characterize the gut microbiota in a longitudinal study of wild Verreaux’s sifakas (Propithecus verreauxi)". Note that sequences have been deposited in the European Bioinformatics Institute database (Study accession: PRJEB20740)
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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