1,720,970 research outputs found
A neural implementation of the Hough transform and the advantages of explaining away
Get PDFThe Hough transform (HT) is widely used for feature extraction and object detection. However, during the HT individual image elements vote for many possible parameter values. This results in a dense accumulator array and problems identifying the parameter values that correspond to image features. This article proposes a new method for implementing the voting process in the HT. This method employs a competitive neural network algorithm to perform a form of probabilistic inference known as “explaining away”. This results in a sparse accumulator array in which the parameter values of image features can be more accurately identified. The proposed method is initially demonstrated using the simple, prototypical, task of straight line detection in synthetic images. In this task it is shown to more accurately identify straight lines, and the parameter of those lines, compared to the standard Hough voting process. The proposed method is further assessed using a version of the implicit shape model (ISM) algorithm applied to car detection in natural images. In this application it is shown to more accurately identify cars, compared to using the standard Hough voting process in the same algorithm, and compared to the original ISM algorithm
Fitting Predictive Coding to the Neurophysiological Data
Get PDFRecent neurophysiological data showing the effects of locomotion on neural activity in mouse primary visual cortex has been interpreted as providing strong support for the predictive coding account of cortical function. Specifically, this work has been interpreted as providing direct evidence that prediction-error, a distinguishing property of predictive coding, is encoded in cortex. This article evaluates these claims and highlights some of the discrepancies between the proposed predictive coding model and the neuro-biology. Furthermore, it is shown that the model can be modified so as to fit the empirical data more successfully.<br/
Learning posture invariant spatial representations through temporal correlations
Get PDFA hierarchical neural network model is used to learn, without supervision, sensory-sensory coordinate transformations like those believed to be encoded in the dorsal pathway of the cerebral cortex. The resulting representations of visual space are invariant to eye orientation, neck orientation, or posture in general. These posture invariant spatial representations are learned using the same mechanisms that have previously been proposed to operate in the cortical ventral pathway to learn object representation that are invariant to translation, scale, orientation, or viewpoint in general. This model thus suggests that the same mechanisms of learning and development operate across multiple cortical hierarchies
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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