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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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Development of 2D models to estimate nearshore bathymetry and sediment transport
Get PDFWe examine the interactions and feedbacks between bathymetry, waves, currents, and sediment transport. The first two pro jects focus on the use of remote sensing techniques to expand our knowledge of the nearshore. Due to the plethora of snap-shot data that is available from satellites and their distribution via Google Earth, having a method that can determine bathymetry from spatial wave patterns would be very valuable. Utilizing remotely-sensed wave refraction patterns of nearshore waves, we estimate bathymetry gradients in the nearshore through the 2D irrotationality of the wave number equation. The model, discussed in Chapter 2, uses an augmented form of the refraction equation that relates gradients in bathymetry to gradients in wavenumber and wave angle through the chain rule. The equations are cast in a form that is independent of wave period, so can be solved using wavenumber and direction data from a single snapshot rather than the normally-required time series of images. Synthetic testing of the model using monochromatic waves on three bathymetries of increasing complexity, showed that the model accurately estimated 2D bathymetry gradients, hence bathymetry, with a mean bias of 0.01 m and mean root mean square error over the three beaches of 0.17 m for depths less than 5 m. While the model is not useful for cases of complex seas or small refraction signals, the simplified data requirement of only a single snapshot is attractive. The model is perhaps best suited for shorter period swell conditions (wave periods of 8-10 seconds), for example, where strong refraction patterns are visible and wave number, k, and wave angle, θ, are easily extracted from a single frame image. Secondly, remotely sensed images of wave breaking over complex bathymetry are used to study the nonlinear feedbacks between two-dimensional (horizontal), 2DH, morphol- ogy and cross-shore migration rates of the alongshore averaged bar. We first test a linear model on a subset of 4 years of data at Palm Beach, Australia. The results are discussed in Chapter 3. The model requires eight free parameters, solved for using linear regression of the data to model the relationship between alongshore averaged bar position, x, along- shore sinuosity of the bar, a, and wave forcing, F = H 2 o . The linear model suggests that 2DH bathymetry is linked to cross-shore bar migration rates. Nevertheless, the primary limitation is that variations in bar position and variability are required to be temporally uncorrelated with forcing in order to achieve meaningful results. For large storms, this is indeed the case. However, many smaller storms seen at Palm Beach show that changes in bar position and variability are correlated with forcing and bar interaction dynamics are not separable from bar - forcing dynamics. In Chapter 4 a nonlinear model is subsequently developed and tested on the same data set. Initial equations for cross-shore sediment transport are formulated from commonly accepted theory using energetics-type equations. Cross-shore transport is based on the deviations around an equilibrium amount of roller contribution with the nonlinearity of the model forcing sediment transport to zero in the absence of wave breaking. The extension to 2DH is based on parameterizations of bar variability and the associated 2DH circulation. The model has five free parameters used to describe the relation between alongshore averaged bar position, x, 2DH bar variability, a, and wave characteristics (wave height, H , wave period, T , and wave angle, θ). The model is able to span multiple storms, accurately predicting bar migration for both onshore and offshore events. The longest individual data set tested is approximately 6 months. Using manually determined values for the coefficients, bar position is predicted with an R2 value of 0.42 over this time period. The effect of including a 2D dependency both increased rates of onshore migration and prevented highly 2D systems from migrating offshore under moderate wave heights. The model is also compared against a 1DH version by setting the 2D dependency term to unity and using the same values for the five free parameters. The 1DH model showed limited skill at predicting onshore migration rates, suggesting again that the inclusion of 2DH terms is important. The last pro ject (Chapter 5) explored the utilization of changes in bathymetry, ∆h/∆t, to gain further understanding of the feedbacks between 2D sediment transport patterns, Qx and Qy , with respect to existing bathymetry in the nearshore. The model is based on the 2D continuity equation that relates changes in bathymetry to gradients in the cross-shore, ∂ Qx /∂ x, and the alongshore, ∂ Qy /∂ y, directions. The problem is under-determined, having two unknowns (Qy and Qx) and only one known (∆h/∆t) such that a series of constraints must be applied in order to solve for transport. We as- sume that that the cross-shore integral of Qx is closed, such that no sand enters or exits the system in this direction. By conservation of mass, this requires changes in volume of the cross-shore transect to be due to longshore gradients in Qy . We test six rules for distributing Qy : three rules describing the initial longshore transport (Qr y ) and three describing the cross-shore distribution of the excess volume component (Qe y ). Initial re- sults suggest that requiring sediment to travel down slope (Qry = f (βy )) is an intuitive choice for describing transport of distinct perturbations. However, in one example field test this method did not perform well and the approach may need further refinements. Alternatively, having Qrx and Qry depend on spatial correlation lags between two sur- veys showed good results for identifying transport associated with alongshore migrating features. This method, however, did not do well under strict onshore migration of 2D features, where alongshore transport was not predicted. A hybrid approach, using both the down-slope constraint and spatial correlation lags may provide more robust predic- tions of sediment transport patterns in complex environments. Due to the lack of closed boundaries in the alongshore, knowledge of Qy (x, y0 ) is required to obtain sensible net sediment transport patterns. Alternatively, spatial patterns of the transport gradients (∂ Qy /∂ y, ∂ Qx /∂ x), which ultimately determine bar migrations provide useful insight into the system behavior without requiring Qy (x, y0 )
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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