1,721,232 research outputs found
Correction: Speranza, V. et al. Hierarchical structure of iPP during injection molding process with fast mold temperature evolution. Materials 2019, 12, 424 [DOI: 10.3390/ma13061277]
No full textThis change does not affect the results and conclusions of the paper. The authors would like to apologize for any inconvenience caused
Costruzione di un BCG ricombinante che esprime antigeni di MTB e valutazione della sua immunogenicità in vivo
No full textLa tubercolosi (TB) rappresenta oggi la causa più frequente di morte provocata da un singolo agente infettivo. Attualmente circa un terzo della popolazione mondiale è infettato dal bacillo della TB. L’unico vaccino attualmente disponibile per la tubercolosi è Il Mycobacterium bovis-Bacillus Calmette-Guerin BCG il quale, con oltre tre miliardi di dosi somministrate, è il vaccino più usato nel mondo. Mentre risulta efficace nella protezione di certe forme infantili di tubercolosi con un’efficacia del 70%-80%, sembra avere poco o nessun effetto sulla tubercolosi polmonare degli adulti. Sebbene siano controverse le opinioni circa l’uso del BCG riduce l’incidenza di certe forme infantili di tubercolosi con un’efficacia del 70%-80% ma sembra avere poco o nessun effetto sulla tubercolosi polmonare degli adulti. Sebbene siano controverse le opinioni circa l’uso del BCG, sono numerosi vantaggi che questa vaccinazione fornisce nei paesi in via di sviluppo. Per questo motivo il miglioramento del BCG è considerato una delle migliori scelte per la realizzazione di un nuovo vaccino. In questo studio abbiamo realizzato un modello sperimentale per la costruzione di un BCG ricombinante per antigeni di MTB capace di indurre una risposta anti-micobatterica. Abbiamo clonato in BCG le sequenze codificanti di geni espressi dal micobatterio in corso d’infezione di macrofagi umani e abbiamo mostrato che le tre proteine di M.tuberculosis sono prodotte in vitro e in vivo da rBCG. L’infezione di topi Balb/C con I tre rBCG mostra una risposta specifica T e B alle tre proteine.Mycobacterium bovis-Bacillus Calmette-Guerine (BCG) is the most widely employed live bacterial vaccine. In respect with TB disease, the problem is that its efficacy in protecting adults against pulmonary disease is minimal, especially in developing countries. On the other hand, despite the controversies about its use, BCG has many advantages, and cannot easily be replaced by another vaccine candidate. Improvement of BCG is therefore considered one of the best choices for the rational design of a new anti-tubercular vaccine. In this scenario, the major challenge to be faced today is the finding of the mycobacterial antigens best suited to improve BCG efficacy in conferring protection. In this study we focused the development of a new candidate TB vaccine on the use of recombinant BCG carrying three M.tuberculosis antigens, which are induced by M.tuberculosis in human macrophages infection. The premise of the approach has been that the antigens produced by the pathogen during infection of human cells may be relevant for its survival therein and thus potentially important for the immune system identification. The three proteins belong to different RD regions of BCG, and two out of three are newly characterised antigens. We show that the three M.tuberculosis proteins are produced by rec-BCG in vitro and in vivo, in Balb/C mice infection, and elicit a specific response by T and B mouse cells, which, interestingly, is different among the three proteins. As far as we know this is the first study in which a rec-BCG is built-up with antigens of M.tuberculosis which resulted expressed in human macrophages
A method to obtain the quantitative orientation of semicrystalline structures in polymers by atomic force microscopy
No full textMolecular orientation can determine the final properties in polymer parts during processing: In optoelectronic devices, the emission efficiency is strongly dependent on the orientation of the emitter materials; mechanical performances in polymer parts depend on the orientation and dimension of crystalline structures. A simpler and faster method to obtain the quantitative orientation of crystalline structures, based on atomic force microscopy, is introduced as a powerful alternative to the techniques mentioned above. This method is based on the acquisition of topographical maps along with the sample thickness and applying the directionality analysis to each map to obtain the distribution of orientation on the map. Such a distribution was analyzed following two approaches: The first one is based on Herman’s analysis; it is quite similar to the one adopted for calculating the Herman’s factor from the wide-angle X-ray scattering. The second one is simpler; it is based on the standard deviation of the distribution. Both approaches allowed the determination of an orientation parameter: The orientation parameter was close to 1 in the regions where a high number of oriented fibrils were found, vice versa, the orientation parameter was close to zero where spherulites were found. The orientation parameter was found highly consistent with Herman’s factor for injection molded samples obtained with different mold temperatures, thus with different distributions of orientation and morphology
La recidiva postoperatoria del M.di Crohn:fattori di rischio,sorveglianza,aspetti chirurgici
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