111,857 research outputs found
Assessment of soil erosion in the Lipnica watershed, Polimije, Montenegro
No full textAssessment of soil erosion risk is of great importance for management of natural resources,
allowing decision makers to modify land use properly implementing environmental strategies
more sustainable in the long-term. Inappropriate land use and land management is often
viewed as main cause of accelerated erosion rates. Modelling soil erosion rates is key to
understand the impact of future land management and climate change on land degradation.
Polimlje is one of five river basins in Montenegro that drains toward the Danube and is
divided into fifty-seven sub basins. Lipnica watershed is one of them where we studied soil
erosion processes using the IntErO model, with the Erosion Potential Method embedded in
the algorithm of this computer-graphic method. For the current state of land use, calculated
maximal outflow from the river basin is 58 m3s-1 for the incidence of 100 years and the net
soil loss is 469 m3year-1, specific 92 m3 year-1 per square kilometre. With the results obtained
we were able to conclude that the river basin belongs in „Destruction Category V”, according
to the classification system of Gavrilovic; the erosion process is very weak. This study has
shown that the IntErO model and Erosion Potential Method are useful tools for researchers in
calculation of sediment yield at the level of the river basins for the South East European
regio
Calculation of runoff and soil erosion on the Tifran watershed, Polimlje, North-East of Montenegro
No full textSoil erosion is a growing problem in South East Europe and is creating a hazard to soil quality, environment and biodiversity. It is well-known fact that runoff, soil erosion and as consequence sedimentation, are decreasing a reservoirs capacity and that is noticeable in the region of Polimlje, where the studied watershed belongs. This is causing the new expenses to the weak economies of the Countries of this underdeveloped area. Ecological factors, which are the basis for the calculation of soil erosion intensity, we included in the simulation model. At the level of the watershed, the use of computer-graphic methods allowed the quantification of the environmental effects of runoff and soil erosion. Maximal outflow (incidence of 100 years) from the studied watershed, Qmax, was predicted on 31 m3/s. The value of the Z coefficient was calculated on 0.271 and according to the result the watershed belongs in the destruction category IV. The strength of the erosion process is low, and mixed erosion dominates in the studied area. The calculated soil losses were 277 m3 per year for the watershed, specific 115.5 m3/km2 per year. We have not evaluated proposed anti-erosion measures in the area because they have not been put into practice. This study shown that IntErO model is a useful tool for researchers in calculation of runoff and sediment yield at the level of the river basins in the South East European region
Soil erosion in the Zim Potok watershed, Polimlje river basin, Montenegro
No full textThe negative impact of sediments on the environment and water resources is widely acknowledged with many watercourses in Montenegro and in the South Eastern European Region. To reduce sediment exports from the big river basins discharging to the accumulations, it is essential to identify the sources: critical sub basins and the quantity of its sediment yield and runoff. The off-site impacts of runoff and eroded soil, eutrophication of water bodies, loss of reservoir capacity, muddy flooding of roads and communities, are increasingly recognised. Establishing the correlation between on-site erosion rates with off-site impacts is complicated because of the limited data on soil erosion processes in Montenegro and the dynamic nature of this process over space and time. The use of computer-graphic methods allowed the quantification of the environmental effects of soil erosion. We used modelling of sediment yield and runoff for calculation of soil erosion intensity for a Zim Potok watershed of Polimlje, Montenegro. Ecological factors, which are the basis for the calculation of soil erosion intensity, are included in the IntErO simulation model, with the Erosion potential analytical method of Gavrilovic embedded in the algorithm of this computer-graphic method. Our results shown that the calculated maximal outflow from the river basin may be 144 m3s-1 for the 100 years return time flood. The sediment yield was calculated as 689 m3yr-1, specific 155 m3km-2yr-1. The important results of this study are the determination of erosion processes in the study watershed and new particular information about the recent state of runoff and sediment yield in formats that can facilitate its efficient management and protection, illustrating the possibility of sediment yield modelling with such approach
author-bios-SRD-19-0063.R1 – Supplemental material for The Network Structure of Police Misconduct
No full textSupplemental material, author-bios-SRD-19-0063.R1 for The Network Structure of Police Misconduct by George Wood, Daria Roithmayr and Andrew V. Papachristos in Socius</p
Structural and ecological characteristics of mixed broadleaved old-growth forest (Biogradska Gora - Montenegro)
No full textBiogradska Gora National Park in Montenegro is part of the Dinaric Mountains mixed forest, which belongs to the montane region of the Dinaric Alps. This paper presents some of the main structural and ecological characteristics of the mixed broadleaved old-growth forest with beech [Fagus moesiaca (Domin, Maly) Czecz.], sycamore maple (Acer pseudoplatanus L.) and European ash (Fraxinus excelsior L.) from the preserve area of the Biogradska Gora. These forest ecosystems are characterized by the high species richness and potential productivity. In the study area, 58 vascular plant species were recorded in 4 sample plots of 0.25 ha each. The average timber volume found in the sample plots was 814 m3/ha. This value is twice as high as that of similar pure beech forests in the same preserve area. The results are confirmed the biodiversity and production potential of mixed broadleaved forests, which rarely occur spontaneously. A better understanding of the processes of the pristine forest ecosystems could form a realistic basis for close-tonature management of similar stands. The obtained data provides overview of the structural characteristics of these forests, which have developed without anthropogenic influence. Exploring the structure of forests in permanent preservation areas could be an excellent basis for close-to-nature forest management
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
No full text“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Feasibility study for estimating optimal substrate parameters for sustainable green roof in Sri Lanka
No full textIn twenty-first century buildings, green roof systems are envisioned as great solution for improving Environmental sustainability in urban ecosystems and it helps to mitigate various health hazards for humans due to climatic pollution. This study determines the feasibility of using five domestic organic wastes, including sawdust, wood bark, biochar, coir, and compost, as sustainable substrates for green roofs as compared to classical Sri Lankan base medium (fertiliser + potting mix) in terms of physicochemical and biological parameters associated with growing mediums. Comprehensive methodologies were devised to determine the thermal conductivity and electric conductivity of growing mediums. According to preliminary experimental results, the most suitable composition for green roof substrates comprised 60% organic waste and 40% base medium. Sawdust growing medium exhibited the highest moisture content and minimum density magnitudes. Biochar substrate was the best performing medium with the highest drought resistance and vegetation growth. The wood bark substrate had the highest thermal resistance. Growing mediums based on compost, sawdust, and coir produced the best results in terms of nitrate, phosphate, pH, and electric conductivity (EC) existence. This study provided a standard set of comprehensive comparison methodologies utilising physicochemical and biological properties required for substrate characterization. The findings of this research work have strong potential in the future to be used in selecting the most suitable lightweight growing medium for a green roof based on stakeholder requirements.Full Tex
Machine learning practices during the operational phase of buildings: A critical review
No full textMachine Learning (ML) is gaining attention in civil engineering especially within operational phase of building life cycle. This phase is crucial for managing every energy aspect while ensuring occupant comfort. Previous ML experiments have explored occupant behavior, occupancy estimation, load prediction, defect detection, and Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning (HVAC) system diagnostics. However, challenges such as ML transferability and limited literature on ML components for the operational phase hinder broader industry adoption. This critical review aims to assess the potential of ML in building operations, focusing on energy consumption, big data control, reinforcement learning, and thermal comfort modeling. By identifying knowledge gaps, the study recommends further research to leverage ML for sustainable energy consumption and occupant comfort. It highlights ML’s promising role in striking a balance between energy efficiency and occupant wellbeing.Full Tex
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