186,218 research outputs found
Preliminary results on resistance to PPV-M in Prunus persica (L.) Batsch
No full textPreliminary results of trials evaluating peach cultivar resistance to Plum pox virus (PPV) and aphid colonization were obtained. Data after one vegetative cycle since an inoculation assay showed that most of the peach cultivars analyzed were susceptible to PPV-M isolate, used as inoculum source. Also, in our experiments two cultivars, Ambra and Cappucci 18, were found to be tolerant while cultivars Fei Cheng, Harrow Blood, Jing Yu and Rosa Dardi were resistant. Moreover, to evaluate the possible epidemiological impact of the peach cultivars NJ WEEPING and S6699 resistant to aphid colonization, experimental transmissions were carried out. This was done by using a clonal culture of Myzus persicae (Sulzer) as vector and PPV-M isolate as inoculum source under controlled acquisition access period. The results showed that in our conditions aphids were not able to transmitted PPV-M isolate to healthy plants of NJ WEEPING and S6699. Under the same conditions PPV-M was transmitted by aphids from infected to healthy GF305 plants
rTMS affects EEG microstates dynamic during evoked activity
No full textElectrophysiological (EEG) correlates both at time (i.e., event-related potentials, ERP) and frequency (i.e., event-related desynchronization, ERD) domains have been shown to be modulated by external magnetic interference. Parallel studies reported a similar interference also for the EEG microstate at rest and in the period that anticipates a task. Here we investigated whether such interference was prolonged during the evoked activity in the framework of the semantic decision task. To this aim, rTMS was delivered over a core region of both the Default mode network and the language network (i.e., left angular gyrus, AG), previously associated to the current task, and as active control we stimulated the left IPS. When subjects received a non-active stimulation (i.e., Sham), in the period that follows the target onset (i.e., 2 sec after the rTMS) we found an interesting alternation of two dominant microstates (MS1, MS3), previously associated to the phonological network and the Cingulo-Opercular Network (CON), respectively. This dynamic was not altered when TMS was delivered over the left IPS. On the contrary, rTMS over left AG selectively suppressed the phonological-related microstate. These findings provide the first causal evidence of region specificity of the EEG microstates topography during the evoked activity corroborating the idea of a crucial role of AG in the semantic memory. Moreover, the present results might provide insight for understanding the neurophysiological correlates of language disorders e.g., aphasia as well as for planning non-invasive brain stimulation protocols for the rehabilitation
Identification and molecular characterization of Candidatus Phytoplasma mali isolates in north-western Italy
No full textApple proliferation (AP) is an important disease and is
prevalent in several European countries. The causal
agent of AP is Candidatus Phytoplasma mali ( Ca.
Phytoplasma mali ). In this work, isolates of Ca.
Phytoplasma mali were detected and characterized
through polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction
fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analyses
of 16S rRNA gene and non-ribosomal DNA fragment.
The presence of three AP subtypes (AT-1, AT-2 and
AP-15) was identified in 31 symptomatic apple trees
and two samples each constituted by a pool of five
insects, collected in north-western Italy, where AT-1 is
a dominant subtype. Subsequent nucleotide sequence
analysis of the PCR-amplified 1.8 kb (P1 ⁄ P7) fragment,
containing the 16S rDNA, the 16S–23S
intergenic ribosomal region and the 5¢-end of the 23S
rDNA, revealed the presence of at least two phytoplasmal
genetic lineages within the AT-1 subtype, designed
AT-1a and AT-1b. Moreover, in silico single nucleotide
polymorphism (SNP) analysis based on 16S
rDNA sequence can differentiate AT-1 subtype from
AT-2 and AP-15 subtypes. Our data showed a high
degree of genetic diversity among Ca. Phytoplasma
mali population in north-western Italy and underlined
the possible use of the 16S rDNA analysis for the
identification and the geographical origin assignation
of isolates of AP phytoplasma. Molecular markers on
16S rDNA, here identified, could be useful for studying
the epidemiology of AP disease
Molecular diversity in Candidatus Phytoplasma mali in Lombardia
No full textApple proliferation (AP) was first described in Italy in 1950, and occurs in many European pome fruit growing areas. In the last years new epidemics of the disease were reported in northern Italian regions. At least three phytoplasma subtypes have been reported in Europe, classified on the basis of the polymorphisms detected in the nitroreductase gene of 'Candidatus Phytoplasma Mali'. This work reports the results of the presence of AP in Lombardia and the characterization of the phytoplasma ribosomal protein subtypes associated with the disease in this region
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
No full textWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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