1,720,963 research outputs found
Intracranial hypertension resistant to treatment. A case report
No full textIntracranial hypertension determines reduction of cerebral blood flo
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
The calcium sensitizer levosimendan improves carbon monoxide poisoning related stunned myocardium: a cardiac magnetic resonance study
No full textSir,Carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning is the most commonunintentional poisoning in the USA and Europe (1); itstoxicity results from direct cellular damage, reoxygenationinjury and oxidative stress. In addition to cerebral impair-ment, CO can cause cardiac dysfunction secondary to myo-cardial ischemia (2) or to stunned m yocardium syndromewith normal perfusion (3), usually treated with conventionalinotropes. Little is known about levosimendan (4) in CO-related stunned myocardium.A 32-year-old woman, a victim of CO poisoning [carboxyhe-moglobin (COHb), 43%], arrived at the Emergency Departmentmechanically ventilated, comatose [Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS),6], with hypotension [mean arterial pressure (MAP), 60 mmHg],pulmonary edema, seve re hypoxemia (PaO21⁄4 9.3 kPa with0.5FiO2) a nd increas ed troponin I ( 10.3 mg/ml). Hyperbarictreatment was performed (5) and she was admitted to ourintensive care unit (ICU). A pulmonary artery catheter showedsevere cardiac fail ure despite dobutamine 12 mg/kg/min(Table 1). Concomitant to cerebral magnetic resonance, cardiacmagnetic resonance (CMR) was performed to calculate the end-diastolic (EDV) and end-systolic (ESV) volumes, stroke volume(SV) and ejection fraction (EF) of the left ventricle. CMR wasperformed using electrocardiogram (ECG)-triggered sequenceswith CINE ECG-gated breath-hold sequences (TE, 4.8 ms; flipangle, 208), acquired in the short-axis plane of the left ventricle,with a slice thickness of 10 mm, covering the whole R–R cyclewith 23 images.CMR confirmed the hemodynamic data, demonstrating low EFand SV and high ESV (Table 1). We decided to shift from dobut-amine to a 24-h infusion of 0.2 mg/kg/h levosimendan, asincremental doses of dobutamine may increase myocardial O2demand, induce tachyarrhythmia or decrease MAP. Dobutaminewas stopped c ompletely after 4 h. The hemodynamic andrespiratory values improved dramatically in the following hours(Table 1).A new CMR confirmed the improvement in the EF and volumevalues (Table 1). The neurological condition of the patient recov-ered slowly and she was discharged within 10 days.Myocardial stunning refers to a form of myocardial contractiledysfunction occurring in response to a transient, but fullyrestored, episode of severe ischemia (6), probably related toaltered calcium homeostasis, with a transient calcium overloadon reperfusion and oxygen free radical production (7) causingcontractile depression due to decreased sensitivity of themyofibrils to calcium (6). CO poisoning impairs mitochondriafunction, inhibiting the cytochrome chain (8) and predisposing toa temporary contractile dysfunction of the myocytes (9) anda stunning-like syndrome. Full recovery of cardiac function isusually expected, but may take considerable time.Levosimendan enh ances cardiac contraction by improvingthe use of available calcium rather than by inundating the cellwith excessive calcium, as do tradit ional inotropes (4), maintain-ing the energy cost of contraction at a near-normal level.Furthermore, it increases the coronary circulation, avoiding therisk of ischemia (4).In this situation, CMR imaging provides accurate evaluation ofventricular function and may be a valuable non-invasive methodof evaluating cardiac function (10).In conclusion, we suggest the usefulness of CMR for anearly diagnosis of stunned myocardium syndrome induced byCO intoxication. Levosimendan improves the cardiac perfor-mance o f the patient, increasing the contractile reserve in only24 h, and may be a s afer alternative to increasing doses of dobutamine
Noninvasive vs. conventional mechanical ventilation in patients with chronic obstructive disease after failure of medical treatment in the ward: a randomized trial.
No full textVariations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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