1,721,587 research outputs found
The puzzle of bakanae disease through interactions between Fusarium fujikuroi and rice
Full text linkBakanae disease, one of the most noteworthy seedborne rice diseases, is caused by Fusarium fujikuroi, a member of the Gibberella fujikuroi species complex. The decreasing availability of chemical seed-dressing products over the last few years has raised the concerns of rice seed companies regarding bakanae disease. Therefore, new research trends require a deeper investigation into the main aspects of bakanae disease through interactions between rice and F. fujikuroi, in order to find new resistant or tolerant cultivars and alternative bakanae disease control strategies, as well as to develop more sensitive molecular diagnostic techniques. Here, some new aspects of F. fujikuroi epidemiology and pathogenicity, as well as its interactions with rice, are reported, and recent approaches applied to control bakanae disease are summarized
Antagonistic yeasts and thermotherapy as seed treatments to control Fusarium fujikuroi on rice
No full textBakanae disease, caused by Fusarium fujikuroi, is the most important seedborne disease of rice. Biological
control and physical treatments can be effective tools to control seedborne diseases. Sixty-two isolates of
yeasts and yeast-like fungi were obtained from different rice seeds. Four yeast isolates were selected in
dual culture assays for mycelial growth inhibition, and in seed tests for reduction of infection rate. The
isolates R23 and R26 were identified as Metschnikowia pulcherrima, the isolate R9 as Pichia guilliermondii,
and the isolate SB1 as Sporidiobolus pararoseus. Rice seeds treated with P. guilliermondii R9, M. pulcherrima
R23 and R26 significantly reduced the infection rate of F. fujikuroi, compared to some commercial biofungicides.
The four selected yeasts reduced the bakanae disease severity in rice plants grown in greenhouse
trials. Antagonist seed dressing resulted in reduction of the disease index from 93.0% in the untreated
control to 20.0% in P. guilliermondii R9 treated seeds, and to 28.5% in M. pulcherrima R23 treated seeds.
Selected antagonists were also used in combination with thermotherapy, which contributed to increase
their efficacy. Thus, P. guilliermondii R9 and M. pulcherrima R23 combined with thermotherapy at 60 C for
10 min decreased the bakanae disease index below 5%, and improved the seed germination rate compared
to the single treatments, showing a seed priming effect. This is the first report about the use of
antagonistic yeasts for seed dressing of rice to control F. fujikuroi on rice seeds, and biological treatment
may be improved through combination with thermotherapy
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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