1,720,967 research outputs found
Incidence of grade 3–4 adverse events, dose reduction, and treatment discontinuation in castration-resistant prostate cancer patients receiving PARP inhibitors: a meta-analysis
No full textBackground: PARP inhibitors (PARPi) have recently emerged as a new treatment option for several solid tumors, including metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). However, several grade 3–4 adverse events have been reported during PARPi administration, leading to limitations in treatment adherence. Methods: Herein, we conducted a meta-analysis aimed at analyzing the incidence rate of commonly reported grade 3–4 adverse events, dose reduction, and treatment discontinuation in mCRPC patients treated with PARPi monotherapy. Results: Incidence rate with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of grade 3–4 toxicities, dose reduction, and treatment discontinuation were calculated. Six trials involving 752 mCRPC patients were available for the meta-analysis. According to our results, anemia was the most frequently observed grade 3–4 toxicity (24.1%), and dose reduction (26.9%) and treatment discontinuation (14.1%) were common events during PARPi treatment. Conclusions: Clinicians should carefully consider these risks, especially taking into account that the use of PARPi in mCRPC patients is expected to rise in the near future
Adjuvant therapy in renal cell carcinoma-is pharmacogenomics assessment another element to select our patients?
No full textN/
Characterization of tumor-derived mesenchymal stem cells potentially differentiating into cancer-associated fibroblasts in lung cancer
Full text linkPurposeThe goal of this study was to understand if mesenchymal stem cells isolated from lung tumor tissue (T-MSCs) may differentiate into cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs), that promote neoplastic progression, angiogenesis and metastasis in the epithelial solid tumors, mimicking the tumor microenvironmental influence.MethodsMSCs were been obtained from healthy (Control, C-MSCs) and tumor (T-MSCs) tissue of one patient who underwent a lobectomy for a lung adenocarcinoma pT1bN0. Isolated cells were characterized for the presence of molecular markers (identified by routine diagnostic characterization in differentiated tumoral cells), stemness properties, and CAF-related markers expression. Subsequently, cells were co-cultured with a lung adenocarcinoma cell line (A549 cells) to evaluate the effects on proliferation, oncogene expression and IL6 secretion.ResultsC- and T-MSCs did not present EGFR mutations unlike tumor tissue and showed a stem-like immunophenotype, characterized by the ability to differentiate towards osteo-, chondro- and adipogenic lineages. The expression of markers referred to CAFs (-SMA, HI-1, MMP11, VEGF, CXCL12, TGF-1, TGF-RII, IL6, TNF) was significantly higher in T-MSCs than in C-MSCs. The co-cultures with A549 cells led to the over-expression of selected oncogenes and to the increase of IL6 secretion in T-MSCs but not in C-MSCs.ConclusionsMSCs isolated from tumor tissue displayed distinct properties compared to MSCs isolated from healthy tissue, suggesting T-MSCs differentiation towards a CAF-related phenotype under the influence of the tumoral microenvironment
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
A meta-analysis on overall survival and safety outcomes in patients with nonmetastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer treated with novel hormonal agents
No full textSeveral novel androgen receptor (AR)-inhibitors have been introduced for nonmetastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (nmCRPC) treatment, with the improvement of survival outcomes which need to be balanced against the risk of adverse events. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating enzalutamide, apalutamide and darolutamide in nmCRPC patients, to assess overall survival (OS), incidence and risk of adverse drug events, adverse-events-related death and adverse-events-related treatment discontinuation. We selected three RCTs (SPARTAN, PROSPER and ARAMIS). New hormonal agents administration resulted in better OS, despite the increased risk of several any grade and grade 3-4 adverse events. In the decision-making process, careful evaluation of expected adverse events, patients' comorbidities and maintenance of quality of life are mandatory
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