1,720,960 research outputs found
Dynamics of nutrient uptake in raspberry plants
No full textThe goal of this work was to evaluate the effects of different mineral nutrient uptake in raspberry soilless cultivation, with the aim to optimize and reduce the use of mineral fertilizers (especially nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium), thereby allowing potential benefits for business (lower costs), as well as for improving sustainability of the production technique. The experimental hypothesis was that it is possible to produce soilless raspberries by greatly reducing the concentration of mineral elements in the solution, while maintaining unchanged the main vegetative and productive performances of the plant, as well the quality of the fruits. The experiment was conducted with long cane plants of two cultivars: 'Tulameen' and 'Vajolet'. The effect of different applied mineral solutions was evident in both the macronutrients concentration in the plant organs and in the production performance of 'Tulameen'. Treatments did not affect vegetative growth, which was mainly driven by the different cultivars habits. Raspberry quality was only partially influenced by treatments, with fruits fertilized with lower amount of nitrogen showing higher final accumulation of phenolic compounds. To conclude, our experimental hypothesis was partially confirmed. The indication of a lower yield associated to lower nitrogen supply must be further investigated giving the particularly low productivity level showed by plants during the seaso
Appraisal of emerging crop management opportunities in fruit trees, grapevines and berry crops facilitated by the application of biostimulants
No full textThe fruit crop industry is continuously seeking for new technologies able to improve the overall sustainability of the production systems together with an enhancement of quality and safety of the products. Over the last 10 years, plant biostimulants have emerged as new and promising production tool able to increase the use efficiency of other agronomical inputs (i.e. irrigation water and fertilizers), to promote crop tolerance toward different abiotic stressors (i.e. drought, salinity, extreme temperature and radiation) and to enhance the final quality of food products. Despite the considerable amount of researches that have been conducted to elucidate the mode of action of plant biostimulants and their agronomical performances, the number of studies focusing on fruit crops is relatively limited and the current knowledge on the interaction of these substances with the fruit tree growth and physiology is still largely incomplete. This review provides a complete scientific overview of the available literature on the experimental application and the physiological mechanisms of plant biostimulants on the most relevant fruit crops, including berry crops, grapevine, olive, citrus fruits, pome fruits, stone fruits and other fruit species. Following the functional claims currently used for the biostimulants definition at European level, the review is articulated in sections focusing on i) the evidences of the biostimulants implication for fruit tree resistance toward abiotic stresses (drought, salinity and thermal extremes); ii) the evidences of the biostimulants capacity to enhance nutrients use efficiency in fruit crops; iii) the evidences of the biostimulants effects on tree yield and final fruit quality. Overall, the potentiality of plant biostimulants to be successfully integrated within the current management of modern orchards and vineyards emerges as clear. There are anyway aspects typically linked to the perennial nature of fruit trees (i.e. the carry-over effect of previous seasons on the tree internal reserves) or the different environmental conditions imposed by the open-field cultivation systems that need to be further investigated and that represent the future challenges for the research applied on the use of plant biostimulants for fruit crops
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Effect of biostimulants on apple quality at harvest and after storage
Full text linkNutritional unbalances, such as calcium deficiency at the fruit level, are generally the causative agent of post-harvest disorders in apples. Foliar application of Ca as calcium chloride is the current solution to increase Ca concentration in apples, even though the effectiveness of this approach is often not satisfactory. In this research, we tested the efficacy of a combined application of Ca with selected biostimulants to improve apple quality and to reduce the incidence of storage disorders. The experiment was conducted in two “Jonathan” apple orchards that differed in management systems and characteristics. Tree canopies were sprayed with calcium chloride alone and in combination with a commercial product containing zinc and silicon or a seaweed extract. The seaweed extract increased apple quality by boosting the reddish coloration (+32% of color index) and by enhancing final anthocyanin concentration of fruit skin. Both biostimulants significantly reduced (by 20%) the incidence of the physiological disorder, known as “Jonathan spot”, after 160 days of storage. Increased concentration of nutrients (Ca, Zn, and Mn) in the skin of apples after biostimulant applications, together with changes of the phenolic profile during the storage, are discussed as the possible causes of the reduced fruit susceptibility to post-harvest disorders
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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