1,721,091 research outputs found
LA GIACIMENTOLOGIA QUALE AUSILIO PER GLI STUDI NELLE SCIENZE MEDICHE: IL DIABETE MELLITO TIPO 1 IN SARDEGNA
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Type 1 diabetes among sardinian children is increasing: the Sardinian diabetes register for children aged 0-14 years (1989-1999)
No full textOBJECTIVE. The Sardinian type 1 diabetes register represented the basis to determine the most recent trends and the age distribution of type 1 diabetes incidence among Sardinians <15 years of age during 1989–1999. Part of the data (1989–1998) has been already published by the EURODIAB Group with a lower completeness of ascertainment (87%). The geographical distribution of type 1 diabetes risk was also investigated.
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS. The new cases of type 1 diabetes in children aged 0–14 years in Sardinia were prospectively registered from 1989 to 1999 according to the EURODIAB ACE criteria. The completeness of ascertainment calculated applying the capture-recapture method was 91%. Standardized incidence rates and 95% CI were calculated assuming the Poisson distribution. Trend of type 1 diabetes incidence was analyzed using the Poisson regression model. Maps of the geographical distribution of type 1 diabetes risk for the whole time period and separately for 1989–1994 and 1995–1999 were produced applying a Bayesian method.
RESULTS. A total of 1,214 type 1 diabetic patients were registered yielding to an overall age- and sex-standardized incidence rate of 38.8/100,000 (95% CI 36.7– 41.1). There was a male excess with an overall male-to-female ratio of 1.4 (1.3–1.8). The increase of incidence during the 11 years analyzed was statistically significant (P= 0.002) with a yearly increasing rate of 2.8% (1.0–4.7). No evidence of an effect of age and sex on this trend has been found. The geographical distribution of type 1 diabetes relative risk (RR) showed that the highest risk areas are located in the southern and central-eastern part of the island and the lowest risk in the northeastern part, even if most of these differences were not statistically significant. This geographical distribution seemed to remain mainly the same between 1989–1994 and 1995–1999.
CONCLUSIONS. The homogeneity of diabetes risk and the increase of incidence over the age-groups in the Sardinian population stress the role of an environmental factor uniformly distributed among the genetically high-risk Sardinians
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
The Sardinian IDDM Epidemiology Study Group. Type 1 diabetes incidence under 15 years is still increasing in Sardinia. Data from the Eurodiab register 1989-1999
No full textAppropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Gravidanza e diabete. Studio delle rappresentazioni mentali in un gruppo di donne con diabete mellito gestazionale (GDM).
No full textIntroduzione e principali riferimenti in letteratura
Il diabete mellito gestazionale (GDM) è tra le più frequenti complicanze della gravidanza e, se non riconosciuto e adeguatamente trattato, è ancora associato ad elevata morbilità materno-fetale (ADA, 2003). A fronte dei numerosi studi condotti in ambito medico-scientifico e dei consistenti progressi negli ambiti della diagnosi e del trattamento del GDM, ad oggi appare poco indagato il ruolo delle dinamiche psichiche che si attivano nelle gestanti con questa patologia e che possono avere un effetto sul benessere della madre e del nascituro (Tambelli, Errante, 2009; Singh, Lustman, Clouse, 2004; Badii, 2001; Langer, Langer, 2000). Obiettivo generale del nostro studio è stato quello di analizzare la qualità delle rappresentazioni materne in un gruppo di gestanti con diagnosi positiva per GDM, al fine di valutare se i vissuti legati alla diagnosi e alla gestione della gravidanza diabetica potessero rappresentare fattori in grado di influenzare le rappresentazioni di sé e del futuro bambino, nelle donne con questa problematica.
Metodo
Sono state reclutate 64 gestanti, 32 con diagnosi positiva per GDM e 32 con diagnosi negativa per GDM, di età compresa tra i 22 e i 42 anni (Media=33,8; DS=4,5). A tutte le donne è stata somministrata l’IRMAG-R, Intervista per le Rappresentazioni Materne in Gravidanza (Ammaniti et al., 1995), e il questionario Symptom Check List-Revised, (SCL-90-R, Derogatis, 1994) per la valutazione della sintomatologia psichica.
Risultati
Un primo livello di analisi, puramente descrittivo, ha evidenziato, in entrambi i gruppi, una prevalenza di gestanti con rappresentazioni del tipo integrate-equilibrate. La statistica del Chi quadro ha evidenziato una differenza non significativa ( =4.667; gdl=2; p=0.097) tra gestanti GDM e non GDM, rispetto alla distribuzione delle rappresentazioni materne. Le ANOVA condotte considerando i punteggi delle gestanti alle sette dimensioni relative alla rappresentazione di sé come madre e del bambino hanno confermato la mancanza di differenze statisticamente significative tra i due gruppi. Infine, non si sono evidenziati effetti significativi del gruppo d’appartenenza delle gestanti (GDM/nonGDM) sulle scale sintomatologiche dell’SCL-90.
Discussioni e conclusioni
I risultati ottenuti sul nostro campione indicano che il GDM non costituisce un fattore in grado di influenzare negativamente le rappresentazioni delle gestanti né il loro benessere psicologico. L’analisi dei contenuti delle narrative suggerisce che ciò potrebbe essere dovuto, da una parte, alla percezione di non cronicità della patologia e, dall’altra, alla funzione protettiva rappresentata dalle specifiche modalità di presa in carico multidisciplinare delle donne con GDM, attuate presso la struttura in cui le partecipanti sono state reclutate. Il confronto con gruppi reclutati presso altre strutture, che seguono differenti iter diagnostici e terapeutici, potrebbe chiarire questi aspetti. Inoltre, studi di follow up potranno evidenziare se la condizione di benessere delle donne con GDM persista anche nel puerperio
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